2,675 research outputs found
Living bacteria rheology: population growth, aggregation patterns and cooperative behaviour under different shear flows
The activity of growing living bacteria was investigated using real-time and
in situ rheology -- in stationary and oscillatory shear. Two different strains
of the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus -- strain COL and its isogenic cell
wall autolysis mutant -- were considered in this work. For low bacteria
density, strain COL forms small clusters, while the mutant, presenting
deficient cell separation, forms irregular larger aggregates. In the early
stages of growth, when subjected to a stationary shear, the viscosity of both
strains increases with the population of cells. As the bacteria reach the
exponential phase of growth, the viscosity of the two strains follow different
and rich behaviours, with no counterpart in the optical density or in the
population's colony forming units measurements. While the viscosity of strain
COL keeps increasing during the exponential phase and returns close to its
initial value for the late phase of growth, where the population stabilizes,
the viscosity of the mutant strain decreases steeply, still in the exponential
phase, remains constant for some time and increases again, reaching a constant
plateau at a maximum value for the late phase of growth. These complex
viscoelastic behaviours, which were observed to be shear stress dependent, are
a consequence of two coupled effects: the cell density continuous increase and
its changing interacting properties. The viscous and elastic moduli of strain
COL, obtained with oscillatory shear, exhibit power-law behaviours whose
exponent are dependent on the bacteria growth stage. The viscous and elastic
moduli of the mutant have complex behaviours, emerging from the different
relaxation times that are associated with the large molecules of the medium and
the self-organized structures of bacteria. These behaviours reflect
nevertheless the bacteria growth stage.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figure
Alzheimer's disease research: a network science approach
A limit number of studies have applied bibliometric visualisation to explore the network structure of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). This paper uses CiteSpace, Carrot and VOSviewer to analyse and visualise the intellectual structure of AD, characterizing, quantitatively and qualitatively, the global scientific outputs, and identifying their trends. The 9,753 articles obtained from the science citation index expanded database (SCI-E), from Web-of-Science, were analysed. The publication data is analysed computationally to identify publication patterns, a rate of growth of publications, types of authorship collaboration, the most productive authors, countries, institutions, journals, keywords, the citation and keyword patterns, the hotspots and the areas of research on the AD. The paper presents a detailed analytical mapping of AD research and charts the progress of discipline with various useful parameters. The authors expect to contribute to the theory, supplying researchers with new tools and enabling practitioners to improve their knowledge about the AD evolution and trends.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio
The Brightest Ly Emitter: Pop III or Black Hole?
CR7 is the brightest emitter (LAE) known to date,
and spectroscopic follow-up by Sobral et al. (2015) suggests that CR7 might
host Population (Pop) III stars. We examine this interpretation using
cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. Several simulated galaxies show the
same "Pop III wave" pattern observed in CR7. However, to reproduce the extreme
CR7 /HeII1640 line luminosities () a
top-heavy IMF and a massive () PopIII burst with age
Myr are required. Assuming that the observed properties of and HeII emission are typical for Pop III, we predict that in the
COSMOS/UDS/SA22 fields, 14 out of the 30 LAEs at with should also host Pop III stars producing an
observable . As an alternate
explanation, we explore the possibility that CR7 is instead powered by
accretion onto a Direct Collapse Black Hole (DCBH). Our model predicts
, , and X-ray luminosities that are in agreement
with the observations. In any case, the observed properties of CR7 indicate
that this galaxy is most likely powered by sources formed from pristine gas. We
propose that further X-ray observations can distinguish between the two above
scenarios.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Correlação entre os métodos Mehlich 1, Melich 3 e resina para análise de P e K em solos dos tabuleiros Csoterios.
A pesquisa apresenta os resultados da comparação entre o Mehlich-3 (M3) e a resina com o Mehlich-1 (M1) em solos dos tabuleiros costeiros.bitstream/CPATC/20018/1/bp_33.pd
Avaliação de métodos de calagem para os solos dos tabuleiros costeiros.
bitstream/item/68646/1/bp69.pd
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