Improving energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks through scheduling and routing

This paper is about the wireless sensor network in environmental monitoring applications. A Wireless Sensor Network consists of many sensor nodes and a base station. The number and type of sensor nodes and the design protocols for any wireless sensor network is application specific. The sensor data in this application may be light intensity, temperature, pressure, humidity and their variations .Clustering and routing are the two areas which are given more attention in this paper.Comment: 7 Pages, 2 Figures and 1 Tabl

A Secured Multi Agent Architecture for Grid Computing

Grid computing provides big possibilities like resource sharing, resource virtualization, and capacity planning since diverse resources that are geographically dispersed are virtualized as a single entity. The associated security concerns are one of the key obstacles preventing grid computing from being broadly adopted and used. Users in a grid are concerned about the security of their assets and the privacy of their data. A host's security in terms of its data or virtual servers may be jeopardised when it interacts with a grid. By providing multilateral security, i.e., security for both the Grid client and the Grid supplier, our building design expands the degree of assurance that can be placed on the accuracy of a Grid calculation and the assurance of client-provided resources. We discuss the issue of ensuring security and present the multi-agent security construction analysis. The paper outlines a multi-agent strategy for protecting the grid environment's resources. The strategy is put forth to address the grid computing industry's growing, serious security issue. The paper defines a multi-agent security architecture that integrates the capabilities of agents with the Grid Security Infrastructure's basic security mechanism (GSI). A security Master agent and a few security task execution agents make up the strategy

ANALYSIS OF T – BEAM BRIDGE DECK SLAB

Generally, structures are subjected to two types of load: static and dynamic. However, the majority of civil engineering structures are designed with the assumption that all applied loads are static. The effect of dynamic load is not considered because the structure is rarely subjected to dynamic loads; more so, its consideration in analysis makes the solution more complicated and time consuming. This feature of neglecting the dynamic forces may sometimes become the causes of disaster, particularly in the case of earthquake. Therefore it is proposed to do “dynamic analysis of bridge deck†for various span of bridge by varying number of longitudinal girders. The detailed study is carried out for “T-Beam Bridgeâ€, for various span 16m, 20m, 24m and 28m under IRC class AA loading condition

Chemotaxonomic studies on Tragia involucrata Linn.

In the present work a common plant in and around trichy, botanically equated as Tragia involucrata Linn belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae, has been studied from chemotaxonomic point of view. The study explained the identification and characterization of the compounds isolated from this plant. The chloroform extract of T. involucrata L was subjected to FT-IR and GC-MS to identify the compounds present in it. The compounds identified were Ar- Tumerone; 9, 10 Anthracenedione 1,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl; Friedelane-3-one. The therapeutic potentials of the active principles identified were already assessed. Ar-Tumerone was already reported from Curcuma longa L and the antibacterial and wound healing activity of this compound was well established. Chemistry of T. involucrata L reported in this present work can contribute significantly in providing chemical evidence in support of its inclusion in the family Euphorbiaceae and assigning the position to the genus Tragia.© 2009 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Keywords: Tragia involucrata, Chemotaxonomic studies, Ar-Tumerone

Five-year findings of a comparison of ambulatory short course chemotherapy with radical surgery plus chemotherapy for tuberculosis of the spine in Madras

A controlled clinical trial was undertaken to compare the efficacy of short course chemotherapy given alone or combined with radical surgery in the treatment of spinal tuberculosis without paraplegia. Patients with active spinal tuberculosis involving the vertebral bodies and without paraplegia were randomly allocated to one of the following three regimens. (a) Rad 6 : Radical anterior resection with bone grafting plus six months of daily isoniazid and rifampicin. (b) Amb 6 : Ambulatory chemotherapy with six months of daily isoniazid and rifampicin, without surgery. (c) Amb 9 : Same as (b) but the duration being nine months. The patients were intensively followed up for five years from the start. At five years, 98% of 86 Amb 9, 91% of 82 Amb 6 and 88% of 82 Rad 6 patients had a favourable status. It is concluded that ambulatory chemotherapy for 6 or 9 months is highly effective in the treatment of spinal tuberculosis. Radical surgery did not enhance the efficacy of the short course regimen

Short-course chemotherapy for tuberculosis of the spine : A comparison between ambulant treatment and radical surgery - a ten year report.

We perfomed a randomised, controlled clinical trial to compare ambulant short-course chemotherapy with anterior spinal fusion plus short-course chemotherapy for spinal tuberculosis without paraplegia. Patients with active disease of vertebral bodies were randomly allocated to one of three regimens: a) radical anterior resection with bone grafting plus six months of daily isoniazid plus rifampicin (Rad6); b) ambulant chemotherapy for six months with daily isoniazid plus rifampicin (Amb6); or c) similar to b) but with chemotherapy for nine months (Amb9). Ten years from the onset of treatment, 90% of 78 Rad6, 94% of 78 Amb6 and 99% of 79 Amb9 patients had a favourable status. Ambulant chemotherapy for a period of six months with daily isoniazid plus rifampicin (Amb6) was an effective treatment for spinal tuberculosis except in patients aged less than 15 years with an initial angle of kyphosis of more than 30° whose kyphosis increased substantially

Review Study on Larvicidal and Mosquito Repellent Activity of Volatile Oils Isolated from Medicinal Plants

Mosquito is a vector for serious human diseases like dengue fever, hemaorrhagic dengue fever and chikungunya, .yellow fever, malaria, filaria and encephalitis among these dengue, hemaorrhagic dengue and chikungunya are highly endemic diseases in Southeast Asian and African countries, causing millions of deaths each and every year. Mosquito repellents thus play a major role in preventing man-mosquito contact and there by minimize the chance of infections and its adverse effects. The development of resistance to chemical insecticides, results rebounding vectorial capacity. Synthetic repellents are chemicals which used worldwide for protection against mosquito-borne diseases and it adversely affects the environment by contaminating water, soil and air. There is an urgent need to find alternatives to the synthetic insecticides. Plants are rich source of alternative agents for control of mosquitoes and its vectors. Extracts and isolated compounds from different plant families have been evaluated for their promising larvicidal and mosquito repellent activities. Literature has documented that essential oils and extracts have been traditionally used as effective repellents. The essential oils whose repellent activities have been demonstrated, as well as the importance of the synergistic effects among their components are the main focus of this review study. Essential oils are volatile mixtures of hydrocarbons with a diversity of functional groups, and their repellent activity has been linked to the presence of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The present review study focused the larvicidal potential and mosquito repellent activity of different volatile oils of medicinal plants. From an economical point of view synthetic chemical is still more frequently used as repellents than essential oils; these essential oils have the potential to provide efficient and can be used as a cheap, eco-friendly, safer for humans and the environment and also efficient alternative to the chemical larvicides

Prediction and analysis of electric discharge machining (EDM) die sinking machining of PH 15-5 stainless steel by using taguchi approach

EDM is effectively used in many application like aerospace, turbine, medical and etc., due to its non-contact process between work piece and tool. In this study, the important machining process parameters such as peak current, pulse on time, pulse off time and fluid pressure are inspected that incitement to distress the performance of the operation Material removal rate (MRR) and Tool wear rate (TWR). Subsequently tool geometry and materials that are predominantly affect the work piece response factor as Surface roughness (SR). Hence copper electrode with coating of brass material and different tool geometry are also considered. PH15-5 stainless steel precipitated hardening steel was machined up to 5 mm depth with EDM die sinking machine using 27 number of experiments designed