THE EXPERIENCE DIFFERENT OF PILING TESTING ON PROBLEMATICAL SOIL GROUND OF ASTANA, KAZAKHSTAN

At the present time, in Astana city is going on works by construction public transport system LRT (Light Railway Transport). LRT is an overhead road with two railway lines. The first stage of construction is including construction of overhead road (bridge) with 22,4 km length and 18 stations. The foundation of bridge is the bored piles with cross-section 1.0HL5 m and length 8-КЗ 5 m. In these conditions, very important to control integrity of concrete body of each bored piles. For checking integrity- applying two methods - Low Strain Method and Cross-Hole Sonic Logging. The aim of this paper is to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each method using the examples of a real application. The article presents loading tests of large diameter and deep boring piles on the construction site in new capital city of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Finally, some recommendations for testmg methods suitable for problematical ground conditions of Kazakhstan are introduced. Traditionally, pile load tests in Kazakhstan are carried out using static loading test methods. Static pile loading test is the most reliable method to obtain the load-settlement relation of piles. Results of static pile tests using the static compression loading test (by ASTM). static loading test (by GOST) and bi-direction static loading test (by ASTM) methods are presented in this paper. Experienced bored piles with length of 31.5 m. diameter 1000 mm. Hereafter the results of underground testmg by the piles with the methods of vertical static tests of SLT. BDSLT and SCLT are presented, which had been made on Expo 2017 projects, buildings of Pavilion m Astana. Kazakhstan

GEODETIC POINTS COORDINATES TRANSITION SIMULATION FROM THE ELLIPSOID SURFACE INTO THE SPACE CONFORMAL GAUSS-KRUGER PROJECTION

Aim. In this paper we calculated the abscissa dynamics and ordinate of differences in latitude and analysis geodetic points coordinates in the ellipsoid coordinates into the conformal Gauss-Kruger projection. It is described the classical formula of conformal projection.Methods. Coordinate transition from one system to another in geodesy is the most urgent task that we faces to every day. Currently, especially the use of satellite positioning systems, the measured values (pseudo) are converted into coordinates of positioning points of rectangular geocentric coordinate system X, Y, Z. Next, the points coordinates from this system are converted to geodetic coordinate system to a particular model of the ellipsoid B, L and H, then they are transferred to a flat, rectangular coordinate system x, y. Below are the classic formula and transition method from geodetic coordinate system to a space rectangular zonal system in conformal Gauss-Kruger projection are given.Results. In order visualization of the translation coordinate computation results are given graphically according to latitude one degree. From given calculation that the difference between the x-points have a linear positive trend on the mid-latitudes and the positive and negative non-linear dynamics of the equator to the pole, respectively. The linearity of the negative dynamics of the ordinate differences from the equator to middle latitudes and on the northern latitudes, these differences have a nonlinear negative.Conclusion. It is found that only a rectangular coordinate on the plane, being well isometric create a network of equal squares

Prospects for using CRISPR-Cas9 system in the treatment of human viral diseases

The aim. To analyze the possibility of using the genetic mechanisms of CRISPR-Cas9 technology in the prevention and treatment of certain viral diseases.Materials and methods. The search for publications was carried out in Russian and foreign literature using the following search engines: RSCI, Cyberleninka, eLibrary, PubMed, Cochrane Library, etc. A review of domestic and international scientific papers on the research topic was carried out using search keywords: CRISPR, genetic engineering, genome editing, Cas9, sgRNA.Results. A review of using CRISPR-Cas9 method (“genetic scissors”) as a gene therapy for some viral diseases was carried out, and its main advantages and disadvantages were revealed. An analysis of the data of scientific studies on genetic research methods over the past decade discovers the main aspects of CRISPR-Cas9 technology, modern classification and prospects for using this technology in clinical practice for the treatment and prevention of human viral diseases. The possibilities of creating a more versatile and stable version of the CRISPR-Cas9 technology are considered. Particular attention is paid to the technological difficulties and obstacles that scientists face when implementing this system for targeted use in clinical medicine.Conclusion. One of the rapidly developing areas in science giving promising prospects for modern healthcare is genetic engineering, especially in cases where scientific developments are applied in clinical practice. The discovery of “genetic scissors” technology has revolutionized all medicine. Wide opportunities for developing new treatment methods for many viral diseases and creating conditions for their early prevention opened up for the medical community. In the future, with the introduction of this technology into clinical practice, it will become possible to treat diseases that have not previously responded to ongoing therapy and were considered incurable

The concept of multimodal "Fast track" at abdominal delivery. Current state of the problem

Expansion of the indications for cesarean section is one of the features of modern obstetrics. The search for effective treatment methods for surgical patients with minimal risk have led to the emergence and development of new concepts of fast track surgery. This multi-modal concept involving the modern approach to the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative phases of patient management, the cumulative effect of which is to decrease complications, postoperative pain, stress responses and dysfunctions of the organs and in early rehabilitation. Advantages of a multimodal strategy for management of surgical patients are: reduction of the cost of treatment, time of hospital stay, faster return to normal life and work. The advantages of the fast track program, raised questions about the necessity of changing the traditional system of surgical care to improve postoperative outcomes and further study of each of the components of this program.Расширение показаний к операции кесарево сенение является одной из особенностей современного акушерства. Поиски эффективных методов лечения хирургических больных с минимальным риском привели к возникновению и развитию нового понятия — fast track хирургия. Это мультимодальная концепция, подразумевающая современный подход на доолерационном, интраоперационном и послеоперационном этапах ведения пациентов, совокупный результат которой заключается в уменьшении осложнений, послеоперационной боли, стрессовых реакций и дисфункций органов, а также в ранней реабилитации. Преимуществами мультимодальной стратегии ведения хирургических больных являются: снижение стоимости лечения, времени пребывания в стационаре, более быстрое возвращение к нормальной жизни и труду. Преимущества fast track программы, поднимают вопрос о необходимости изменения традиционной системы хирургической помощи для улучшения послеоперационных результатов и последующего изучения каждого из компонентов данной программы

Совершенствование диагностики и лечения острого аппендицита у беременных

Objective: to improve the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and the results of its treatment in pregnant women. Subjects and methods. Two hundred and forty-three pregnant women sent with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis were followed up. Clinical and laboratory methods were used to diagnose acute appendicitis. One hundred and thirty-nine pregnant women were operated on, of them 47 underwent laparotomy, two-step abdominal sanitation, and drainage for general purulent peritonitis. Results. The authors have elaborated and introduced into practice a diagnostic algorithm for acute appendicitis in pregnant women, a procedure to estimate an electrical cecal cupula potential that allows its location to be specified, improved laparo-scopic techniques, and introduced a procedure long-term autonomous intestinal motility stimulation, which fails to affect uterine tone in pregnant women. An antibiotic cocktail that has an effect on different types of the microflora has been proposed to sanitize the abdomen in pregnant women with complicated acute appendicitis. Conclusion. Examination of pregnant women with suspected appendicitis according to the proposed algorithm makes it possible to rule out diagnostic errors, to specify indications for appendectomy, to correctly choose an access, by estimating the electrical potential of the cecal cupula, to guard against the development of peritonitis, by administering the proposed antibiotic cocktail, to implement a package of measures for the detoxification and early recovery of intestinal motility, and to prevent antenatal fetal death. The mortality rates in pregnant women with acute appendicitis were 0.7%. Key words: acute appendicitis in pregnant women.Цель исследования : улучшение диагностики и результатов лечения острого аппендицита у беременных. Материал и методы. Осуществлялось наблюдение за 243 беременными, доставленными с диагнозом «острый аппендицит». Применялись клинические и лабораторные методы диагностики острого аппендицита. Оперировано 139 беременных, из них у 47 была выполнена лапаратомия, двухмоментная санация и дренирование брюшной полости по поводу разлитого гнойного перитонита. Результаты исследования. Разработан и внедрен в практику алгоритм диагностики острого аппендицита у беременных, способ определения электрического потенциала купола слепой кишки, позволяющий уточнить его локализацию, усовершенствована методика лапараскопии, внедрена методика длительной автономной стимуляции перистальтики кишечника, не влияющая на тонус матки у беременных. Для санации брюшной полости беременным с осложненным острым аппендицитом предложен коктейль, включающий антибиотики, действующий на различные виды микрофлоры. Заключение. Обследование беременных с подозрением на аппендицит по предложенному алгоритму позволяет исключить ошибки диагностики, уточнить показания к аппендэктомии, правильно выбрать доступ с помощью определения электрического потенциала купола слепой кишки, предупредить развитие перитонита введением в брюшную полость предложенного коктейля, содержащего антибиотики, осуществлять комплекс мер по дезинтоксикации и раннему восстановлению перистальтики кишечника, предотвратить антенатальную гибель плода. Летальность беременных с острым аппендицитом составила 0,7%. Ключевые слова: острый аппендицит беременных

Modern concepts of anal sphincter insufficiency and its treatment

The international clinical analysis of the treatment of topical issues - failure of the anal sphincter, which has not only medical but also social value is presented. The comparative analysis of effectiveness of suggested above operating methods and modern approaches of different surgical methods of anal incontinence correction was conducted.Представлен мировой клинический анализ лечения актуальной проблемы – недостаточности анального сфинктера, которая имеет не только медицинское, но и социальное значение. Проведен сравнительный анализ эффективности как предлагавшихся ранее оперативных вмешательств, так и современные подходы различных хирургических методик коррекции анальной инконтиненции

RNA Interference Is Responsible for Reduction of Transgene Expression after Sleeping Beauty Transposase Mediated Somatic Integration

Integrating non-viral vectors based on transposable elements are widely used for genetically engineering mammalian cells in functional genomics and therapeutic gene transfer. For the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposase system it was demonstrated that convergent transcription driven by the SB transposase inverted repeats (IRs) in eukaryotic cells occurs after somatic integration. This could lead to formation of double-stranded RNAs potentially presenting targets for the RNA interference (RNAi) machinery and subsequently resulting into silencing of the transgene. Therefore, we aimed at investigating transgene expression upon transposition under RNA interference knockdown conditions. To establish RNAi knockdown cell lines we took advantage of the P19 protein, which is derived from the tomato bushy stunt virus. P19 binds and inhibits 21 nucleotides long, small-interfering RNAs and was shown to sufficiently suppress RNAi. We found that transgene expression upon SB mediated transposition was enhanced, resulting into a 3.2-fold increased amount of colony forming units (CFU) after transposition. In contrast, if the transgene cassette is insulated from the influence of chromosomal position effects by the chicken-derived cHS4 insulating sequences or when applying the Forg Prince transposon system, that displays only negligible transcriptional activity, similar numbers of CFUs were obtained. In summary, we provide evidence for the first time that after somatic integration transposon derived transgene expression is regulated by the endogenous RNAi machinery. In the future this finding will help to further improve the molecular design of the SB transposase vector system

A new approach for measuring the muon anomalous magnetic moment and electric dipole moment

This paper introduces a new approach to measure the muon magnetic moment anomaly a?? = (g - 2)/2 and the muon electric dipole moment (EDM) d?? at the J-PARC muon facility. The goal of our experiment is to measure a?? and d?? using an independent method with a factor of 10 lower muon momentum, and a factor of 20 smaller diameter storage-ring solenoid compared with previous and ongoing muon g - 2 experiments with unprecedented quality of the storage magnetic field. Additional significant differences from the present experimental method include a factor of 1000 smaller transverse emittance of the muon beam (reaccelerated thermal muon beam), its efficient vertical injection into the solenoid, and tracking each decay positron from muon decay to obtain its momentum vector. The precision goal for a?? is a statistical uncertainty of 450 parts per billion (ppb), similar to the present experimental uncertainty, and a systematic uncertainty less than 70 ppb. The goal for EDM is a sensitivity of 1.5 ?? 10-21 ecm