34,091 research outputs found
Universal Power-law Decay in Hamiltonian Systems?
The understanding of the asymptotic decay of correlations and of the
distribution of Poincar\'e recurrence times has been a major challenge
in the field of Hamiltonian chaos for more than two decades. In a recent
Letter, Chirikov and Shepelyansky claimed the universal decay for Hamiltonian systems. Their reasoning is based on renormalization
arguments and numerical findings for the sticking of chaotic trajectories near
a critical golden torus in the standard map. We performed extensive numerics
and find clear deviations from the predicted asymptotic exponent of the decay
of . We thereby demonstrate that even in the supposedly simple case, when
a critical golden torus is present, the fundamental question of asymptotic
statistics in Hamiltonian systems remains unsolved.Comment: Phys. Rev. Lett., in pres
Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory beam tube component and module leak testing
Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) is a joint project of the California Institute of Technology and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology funded by the National Science Foundation. The project is designed to detect gravitational waves from astrophysical sources such as supernova and black holes. The LIGO project constructed observatories at two sites in the U.S. Each site includes two beam tubes (each 4 km long) joined to form an "L" shape. The beam tube is a 1.25 m diam 304 L stainless steel, ultrahigh vacuum tube that will operate at 1×10^–9 Torr or better. The beam tube was manufactured using a custom spiral weld tube mill from material processed to reduce the outgassing rate in order to minimize pumping costs. The integrity of the beam tube was assured by helium mass spectrometer leak testing each component of the beam tube system prior to installation. Each 2 km long, isolatable beam tube module was then leak tested after completion
On integrability of the differential constraints arising from the singularity analysis
Integrability of the differential constraints arising from the singularity
analysis of two (1+1)-dimensional second-order evolution equations is studied.
Two nonlinear ordinary differential equations are obtained in this way, which
are integrable by quadratures in spite of very complicated branching of their
solutions.Comment: arxiv version is already offcia
Location- and observation time-dependent quantum-tunneling
We investigate quantum tunneling in a translation invariant chain of
particles. The particles interact harmonically with their nearest neighbors,
except for one bond, which is anharmonic. It is described by a symmetric double
well potential. In the first step, we show how the anharmonic coordinate can be
separated from the normal modes. This yields a Lagrangian which has been used
to study quantum dissipation. Elimination of the normal modes leads to a
nonlocal action of Caldeira-Leggett type. If the anharmonic bond defect is in
the bulk, one arrives at Ohmic damping, i.e. there is a transition of a
delocalized bond state to a localized one if the elastic constant exceeds a
critical value . The latter depends on the masses of the bond defect.
Superohmic damping occurs if the bond defect is in the site at a finite
distance from one of the chain ends. If the observation time is smaller
than a characteristic time , depending on the location M of the
defect, the behavior is similar to the bulk situation. However, for tunneling is never suppressed.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figure
Communications systems technology assessment study. Volume 2: Results
The cost and technology characteristics are examined for providing special satellite services at UHF, 2.5 GHz, and 14/12 GHz. Considered are primarily health, educational, informational and emergency disaster type services. The total cost of each configuration including space segment, earth station, installation operation and maintenance was optimized to reduce the user's total annual cost and establish preferred equipment performance parameters. Technology expected to be available between now and 1985 is identified and comparisons made between selected alternatives. A key element of the study is a survey of earth station equipment updating past work in the field, providing new insight into technology, and evaluating production and test methods that can reduce costs in large production runs. Various satellite configurations were examined. The cost impact of rain attenuation at Ku-band was evaluated. The factors affecting the ultimate capacity achievable with the available orbital arc and available bandwidth were analyzed
InterCloud: Utility-Oriented Federation of Cloud Computing Environments for Scaling of Application Services
Cloud computing providers have setup several data centers at different
geographical locations over the Internet in order to optimally serve needs of
their customers around the world. However, existing systems do not support
mechanisms and policies for dynamically coordinating load distribution among
different Cloud-based data centers in order to determine optimal location for
hosting application services to achieve reasonable QoS levels. Further, the
Cloud computing providers are unable to predict geographic distribution of
users consuming their services, hence the load coordination must happen
automatically, and distribution of services must change in response to changes
in the load. To counter this problem, we advocate creation of federated Cloud
computing environment (InterCloud) that facilitates just-in-time,
opportunistic, and scalable provisioning of application services, consistently
achieving QoS targets under variable workload, resource and network conditions.
The overall goal is to create a computing environment that supports dynamic
expansion or contraction of capabilities (VMs, services, storage, and database)
for handling sudden variations in service demands.
This paper presents vision, challenges, and architectural elements of
InterCloud for utility-oriented federation of Cloud computing environments. The
proposed InterCloud environment supports scaling of applications across
multiple vendor clouds. We have validated our approach by conducting a set of
rigorous performance evaluation study using the CloudSim toolkit. The results
demonstrate that federated Cloud computing model has immense potential as it
offers significant performance gains as regards to response time and cost
saving under dynamic workload scenarios.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, conference pape
Magnetic buoyancy instabilities in the presence of magnetic flux pumping at the base of the solar convection zone
We perform idealized numerical simulations of magnetic buoyancy instabilities in three dimensions, solving the equations of compressible magnetohydrodynamics in a model of the solar tachocline. In particular, we study the effects of including a highly simplified model of magnetic flux pumping in an upper layer (‘the convection zone’) on magnetic buoyancy instabilities in a lower layer (‘the upper parts of the radiative interior – including the tachocline’), to study these competing flux transport mechanisms at the base of the convection zone. The results of the inclusion of this effect in numerical simulations of the buoyancy instability of both a preconceived magnetic slab and a shear-generated magnetic layer are presented. In the former, we find that if we are in the regime that the downward pumping velocity is comparable with the Alfvén speed of the magnetic layer, magnetic flux pumping is able to hold back the bulk of the magnetic field, with only small pockets of strong field able to rise into the upper layer.
In simulations in which the magnetic layer is generated by shear, we find that the shear velocity is not necessarily required to exceed that of the pumping (therefore the kinetic energy of the shear is not required to exceed that of the overlying convection) for strong localized pockets of magnetic field to be produced which can rise into the upper layer. This is because magnetic flux pumping acts to store the field below the interface, allowing it to be amplified both by the shear and by vortical fluid motions, until pockets of field can achieve sufficient strength to rise into the upper layer. In addition, we find that the interface between the two layers is a natural location for the production of strong vertical gradients in the magnetic field. If these gradients are sufficiently strong to allow the development of magnetic buoyancy instabilities, strong shear is not necessarily required to drive them (cf. previous work by Vasil & Brummell). We find that the addition of magnetic flux pumping appears to be able to assist shear-driven magnetic buoyancy in producing strong flux concentrations that can rise up into the convection zone from the radiative interior
Light scattering from a periodically modulated two dimensional electron gas with partially filled Landau levels
We study light scattering from a periodically modulated two dimensional
electron gas in a perpendicular magnetic field. If a subband is partially
filled, the imaginary part of the dielectric function as a function of
frequency contains additional discontinuities to the case of completely filled
subbands. The positions of the discontinuities may be determined from the
partial filling factor and the height of the discontinuity can be directly
related to the modulation potential. The light scattering cross section
contains a new peak which is absent for integer filling.Comment: RevTex, 4 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. B as a brief repor
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