Requerimientos nutricionales para ovinos en reproducción

27 páginas.-- Desde el suelo a la gestión. Curso para Profesionales y Técnicos en Producción Ovina.--Universidad Austral de Chile (Valdivia, Chile, 2006).En general, el rendimiento productivo de la mayor parte de los sistemas ganaderos es dependiente de la eficiencia reproductiva en tanto en cuanto ésta condiciona, entre otros parámetros, el número de crías nacidas, la tasa de reposición, o el intervalo entre partos. En los sistemas de producción ovina de carne, al ser los corderos vendids la principal o única fuente de ingresos, la reproducción ejerce un efecto directo sobre los resultados productivos y económicos del sistema de explotación...Peer reviewe

Exploiting synthetically generated data with semi-supervised learning for small and imbalanced datasets

Data augmentation is rapidly gaining attention in machine learning. Synthetic data can be generated by simple transformations or through the data distribution. In the latter case, the main challenge is to estimate the label associated to new synthetic patterns. This paper studies the effect of generating synthetic data by convex combination of patterns and the use of these as unsupervised information in a semi-supervised learning framework with support vector machines, avoiding thus the need to label synthetic examples. We perform experiments on a total of 53 binary classification datasets. Our results show that this type of data over-sampling supports the well-known cluster assumption in semi-supervised learning, showing outstanding results for small high-dimensional datasets and imbalanced learning problems

Effect of tannic acid on rumen degradation and intestinal digestion of treated soya bean meals in sheep

http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=60689&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S0021859699008151.Previously published as proceeding at the XXIX Jornadas de Estudio AIDA (VII Jornadas sobre Producción Animal) (Zaragoza, Spain, May 20-22, 1997). https://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/15774The current experiment was conducted to study the effect of different doses of tannic acid, a hydrolysable tannin, on ruminal degradation and post-ruminal digestion of treated soya bean meals (SBM) in sheep. Samples of SBM were prepared by spraying 100 g SBM with 100 mi distilled water containing 0, 1, 5, 10, 15 or 25 g of commercial tannic acid (S-0, S-TA1, S-TA2, S-TA3, S-TA4 and S-TA5, respectively). Three ruminally cannulated awes, that had never consumed tannic acid previously, were used to determine in situ degradability of tannic acid-treated SBM. Intestinal digestibility of protein remaining after 16 h rumen incubation was estimated in vitro. Extent of rumen degradation of SBMs was significantly (P < 0.05) affected by the tannic acid treatment. All doses of tannic acid used in this experiment, even the lowest one (S-TA1), significantly decreased the extent of N degradation but only doses higher than that used to treat S-TA3 reduced the extent of DM degradation. This reduction in the extent of DM and N degradation was mainly due to a marked decrease in the immediately degradable fraction (a), which was observed in all treated SBM, and to a lower rate of degradation (c), observed in meals S-TA3, S-TA4 and S-TA5. Intestinal digestion of the non-degraded protein was decreased (P < 0.05) by treatment with the two highest doses of tannic acid (those used to treat meals S-TA4 and S-TA5). It was therefore concluded that tannic acid can exert a negative effect both on rumen degradation and on intestinal digestion of SBM, this effect being clearly dependent on the dose used to treat the SBM.This work was supported by the Inter-ministerial Commission of Science and Technology (CICYT) of Spain (Project AGF98-0874) and the Junta de Castilla y Leon (Project CSI 7/98).Peer reviewe

Supporting clinical information management by NFC technology

Tele-monitorization is a problem with aging people living alone since the vital signs control is complicated for them. In this sense, some initiatives by adapting technologies make easy these controls. In this work we present a solution consist of the Near Field Communications technology adaptability. Mobile phones NFC enabled serving as a middleware between measure devices and people. In addition, a proposal for managing clinical information and medicine prescription are presented.Tele-monitorization is a problem with aging people living alone since the vital signs control is complicated for them. In this sense, some initiatives by adapting technologies make easy these controls. In this work we present a solution consist of the Near Field Communications technology adaptability. Mobile phones NFC enabled serving as a middleware between measure devices and people. In addition, a proposal for managing clinical information and medicine prescription are presented

Effect of immature oak (Quercus pyrenaica) leaves intake on ruminal fermentation and adaptation of rumen microorganisms in cattle

6 pages, 2 figures.-- Contributed to: VII International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores (Beijing, China, Sep 17−22, 2007).Later published as paper in: Animal Feed Science and Technology 150(1-2): 75-85 (2009), https://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/13289Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of the consumption of different amounts of immature Pyrenean oak leaves (OL) by beef cattle on in vitro ruminal fermentation and potential adaptation of rumen microorganisms. A total of twelve ruminally cannulated young Brown Swiss bulls were divided in experimental groups that received different amounts of OL via the ruminal cannula (on average 0, 2.5, 5.2 and almost 10 kg fresh matter per animal and day). The gas production technique was used to study in vitro fermentation of two substrates (grass hay and OL) incubated with rumen inocula derived from each bull. Results suggest not only a dose-dependent negative effect of tannins consumption on ruminal fermentation of common feeds (e.g., grass hay), but also an adaptation of rumen microbial populations from animals receiving moderate amounts of OL. The high level of tannins in the rumen of bulls that received the highest amount of OL would have exceeded the ability of microorganisms to tolerate or detoxify them.Supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science, MEC, Project AGL2004-06076-C02-01Peer reviewe

Digestive utilization of quebracho-treated soya bean meals in sheep

The definitive version is available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021859699007261Previamente, ha sido publicado en el congreso: ITEA, Vol. Extra 20 nº 2: 496-498 (1999).https:///digital.csic.es/handle/10261/16352Previamente, ha sido publicado en el congreso: ITEA, vol. Extra 20 Nº 2: 499-501 (1999). https://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/16373A study on the use of quebracho tannins as chemical additives was carried out at the Spanish Council for Scientific Research, Leon, Spain during 1998 by conducting two experiments. In the first experiment, three ruminally cannulated ewes were used to determine in situ degradability of soya bean meals (SBM) treated with different doses of quebracho tannin. Samples were prepared by spraying 100 g SBM with 100 ml distilled water containing 0, 1, 5, 10, 15 or 25 g of commercial quebracho powder (S-0, S-Q1, S-Q2, S-Q3, and S-Q5, respectively). Intestinal digestibility of non-degradable protein was estimated in vitro. The rapidly degradable protein fraction of all quebracho treated soya bean meals was different (P < 0.05) from the non-treated SBM (S-0: 0.154), with values ranging from 0.032 to 0.133. S-Q4 and S-Q5 showed lower fractional rates of degradation of the protein than S-0 (0.042 and 0.046 v. 0.082, respectively). By contrast, in vitro digestibility of the non-degradable protein was not significantly affected by the treatments imposed, with the exception of treatment with the highest dose of quebracho tannin in which intestinal digestion was reduced (0.939 v. 0.826 for S-0 and S-Q5, respectively. P < 0.05). In the second experiment, ten ruminally cannulated ewes were used to examine the effect of a daily dosing of quebracho tannin into the rumen on the degradation of the quebracho-treated SBM. Long-term dosing of quebracho tannin did not increase the ability of the rumen microbes to degrade tannin treated SBM. It was therefore concluded that quebracho tannins could be used as chemical additives for improving the digestive utilization of protein-rich feeds in sheep.This work was supported by the Inter-ministerial Commission of Science and Technology (CICYT) of Spain (Project AGF98-0874).Peer reviewe

The Golgi as an Assembly Line to the Autophagosome

Autophagy is traditionally depicted as a signaling cascade that culminates in the formation of an autophagosome that degrades cellular cargo. However, recent studies have identified myriad pathways and cellular organelles underlying the autophagy process, be it as signaling platforms or through the contribution of proteins and lipids. The Golgi complex is recognized as being a central transport hub in the cell, with a critical role in endocytic trafficking and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to plasma membrane (PM) transport. However, the Golgi is also an important site of key autophagy regulators, including the protein autophagy-related (ATG)-9A and the lipid, phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate [PI(4)P]. In this review, we highlight the central function of this organelle in autophagy as a transport hub supplying various components of autophagosome formation.This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 re- search and innovation programme (grant agreement No 788708) and the Francis Crick Institute, which receives its core funding from Cancer Research UK (FC001187); the UK Medical Research Council (FC001187); and the Welcome Trust (FC001187). A.R.vV. was supported by an EMBO long-term fellowship (EMBO ALTF 325-2017). J.H.H. was supported by a Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Basque Government

Interrogation of a Sensor Array of Identical Weak FBGs using Dispersive Incoherent OFDR

(c) 2016 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works.[EN] Incoherent Optical Fourier-Domain Reflectometry incorporating a dispersive delay line is used for the interrogation of an array of three identical fiber Bragg gratings with a Bragg wavelength of 1552.81 nm, reflectivity of 19.3 dB and 10-cm separation. The dispersive delay line induces different delays in the wavelengths reflected by each grating, thus being sensitive to Bragg wavelength shifts. Compared with conventional incoherent Optical Fourier-Domain Reflectometry, dispersive effects decrease the spatial resolution, which in our experiments reached a value of 1.2 cm in fiber at a measurement bandwidth of 10 GHz. As a quasi-distributed temperature sensor, the array shows an accuracy of ±0.5ºC for temperatures up to 100ºC, and an estimated total measurement range of 540ºC. Tradeoffs between bandwidth, scan time, dispersion-dependent spatial resolution, and accuracy, are also analyzed.This work was supported in part by the Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia, within the Research Excellency Award through the GVA PROMETEO Program under Grant 2013/012 and in part by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad under Project TEC201-60378-C2-1-R. The work of J. Hervas was supported by the Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte through the Formacion Profesorado Scholarship (FPU13/04675).Clement, J.; Torregrosa, G.; Hervás-Peralta, J.; Barrera Vilar, D.; Sales Maicas, S.; Fernandez-Pousa, CR. (2016). Interrogation of a Sensor Array of Identical Weak FBGs using Dispersive Incoherent OFDR. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters. 28(10):1154-1156. https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2016.2533163S11541156281

Plasticidad del crecimiento larvario entre atún rojo y melva modulado por sus interacciones tróficas.

ECOlogía trófica comparativa de LArvas de aTUN rojo atlántico (Thunnus thynnus) de las áreas de puesta del Medterraneo-NO y el Golfo de México.ECOLATU

KLT Based Interrogation Technique for FBG Multiplexed Sensor Tracking

[EN] The Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) is used to retrieve the wavelength information of several fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) that are acting as a multiplexed sensor. The modulated light of a broadband source is launched to the FBG cascade in order to capture the electrical frequency response of the system. Thanks to a dispersive media, the wavelengths of the FBGs are mapped in radiofrequency (RF) delays. Wavelength changes are determined by the amplitude change of the samples in the impulse response, a change which is followed by the eigenvalue calculated by the KLT routine. The use of the KLT routine reduces by three orders of magnitude the amount of points needed to have a sub-degree resolution in temperature sensing, while keeping the accuracy almost intact.This work was supported in part by the Spanish MINECO through Project TEC2014-60378, and in part by the Government of Valencia through the Research Excellency Award Program GVA PROMETEO 2013/012. The work of J. Hervas was supported by the MECD FPU Scholarship (FPU13/04675).Hervás-Peralta, J.; Tosi, D.; García-Miquel, H.; Barrera Vilar, D.; Fernandez-Pousa, CR.; Sales Maicas, S. (2017). KLT Based Interrogation Technique for FBG Multiplexed Sensor Tracking. Journal of Lightwave Technology. 35(16):3387-3392. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2016.2613131S33873392351