A hierarchy of models for superconducting thin films

A hierarchy of models for type-II superconducting thin films is presented. Through appropriate asymptotic limits this hierarchy passes from the mesoscopic Ginzburg--Landau model to the London model with isolated vortices as $\delta$-function singularities to vortex-density models and finally to macroscopic critical-state models. At each stage it is found that a key nondimensional parameter is $\Lambda = \lambda^2/d L$, where $\lambda$ is the penetration depth of the magnetic field, a material parameter, and d and L are a typical thickness and lateral dimension of the film,respectively. The models simplify greatly if this parameter is large or small

Penentuan Indeks Kerentanan Pantai Akibat Kenaikan Muka Laut Di Pantai Bagian Barat Provinsi Banten

Shore is the area in side water and still have influence from tidal highest and lowest water. Shore vulnerability can decided with to look some factor which to influence, that is shoreline change, relative sea level, mean wave height, tidal range, coastal slope and geomorphology. Sixth factor\u27s above were factor\u27s which to influence shore vulnerability to sea level rise. This research aim was to know area vulnerability level in research location. Data\u27s which used in this research was Landsat TM 1997 and Landsat ETM+ 2009, Landuse map, SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) Data, Tide, signifikan wave height, sea level rise relative, map batimetri. Metode which used in this research is with to analysis some data for to give result shore vulnerability index from aspect physical in research location with the data start from year 1997-2009. The result showed that based shore vulnerability index, area in the along shore part of west Banten which include to very high category is cikoneng village and which include to very low category is Pasauran, Carita, Caringin, and Margagiri Village.Key Words : Sea Level Rise, vulnerability, Shore, Province Bante

Komposisi Dan Kelimpahan Fitoplankton Di Perairan Sekitar Pulau Maspari, Ogan Komering Ilir

Pulau Maspari merupakan satu-satunya pulau yang berada di perairan laut (Selat Bangka) yang dimiliki Sumatera Selatan. Sampai saat ini informasi tentang kondisi Pulau Maspari masih sangat terbatas, sehingga penelitian ini dirasa perlu untuk dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggali informasi tentang kondisi fisika kimia danbiologi perairan melalui studi langsung ke lokasi perairan Pulau Maspari Ogan Komering Ilir Sumatera Selatan. Pengukuran dan pengambilan data dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2013. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kondisi fisika kimia perairan Pulau Maspari masih dalam kondisi baik. Perbedaan utama terlihat dari sebaran nutrien, dimana kandungan nutrien (fosfat dan ammonia) di sisi bagian utara Pulau Maspari cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan sisi bagian barat dan selatan, kecuali pada kandungan nitrat. Konsentrasi nitrat di bagian barat cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan kedua lokasi lainnya. Pada penelitian biologi, yang diamati adalah jenis dan kelimpahan fitoplankton, dan ditemukan 13 jenis fitoplankton dengan Chaetoceros dan Bacteriastrum sebagai fitoplankton yang dominan ditemukan. Struktur komunitas pada indeks keanekaragaman sedang, indeks keseragamannya yang tinggi dan tidak ada genera yang mendominas

A global simulation for laser driven MeV electrons in 50μm50\mu m-diameter fast ignition targets

The results from 2.5-dimensional Particle-in-Cell simulations for the interaction of a picosecond-long ignition laser pulse with a plasma pellet of 50-$\mu m$ diameter and 40 critical density are presented. The high density pellet is surrounded by an underdense corona and is isolated by a vacuum region from the simulation box boundary. The laser pulse is shown to filament and create density channels on the laser-plasma interface. The density channels increase the laser absorption efficiency and help generate an energetic electron distribution with a large angular spread. The combined distribution of the forward-going energetic electrons and the induced return electrons is marginally unstable to the current filament instability. The ions play an important role in neutralizing the space charges induced by the the temperature disparity between different electron groups. No global coalescing of the current filaments resulted from the instability is observed, consistent with the observed large angular spread of the energetic electrons.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Physics of Plasmas (May 2006

Bayesian inference for dynamic transcriptional regulation; the Hes1 system as a case study.

Motivation: In this study we address the problem of estimating the parameters of regulatory networks and provide the first application of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods to experimental data. As a case study we consider a stochastic model of the Hes1 system expressed in terms of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) to which rigorous likelihood methods of inference can be applied. When fitting continuous-time stochastic models to discretely observed time series the lengths of the sampling intervals are important, and much of our study addresses the problem when the data are sparse. Results: We estimate the parameters of an autoregulatory network providing results both for simulated and real experimental data from the Hes1 system. We develop an estimation algorithm using Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques which are flexible enough to allow for the imputation of latent data on a finer time scale and the presence of prior information about parameters which may be informed from other experiments as well as additional measurement error. Availability: Supplementary information is submitted with the paper. Contact

Zero-field superfluid density in d-wave superconductor evaluated from the results of muon-spin-rotation experiments in the mixed state

We report on measurements of the in-plane magnetic penetration \lambda_{ab} in the optimally doped cuprate superconductor (BiPb)_2(SrLa)_2CuO_6+\delta (OP Bi2201) by means of muon-spin rotation (\muSR). We show that in unconventional $d-$wave superconductors (like OP Bi2201), \muSR experiments conducted in various magnetic fields allow to evaluate the zero-field magnetic penetration depth \lambda_0, which relates to the zero-field superfluid density in terms of \rho_s\propto\lambda_0^-2.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Analisis Pasang Surut Dengan Menggunakan Metode Least Square Dan Penentuan Periode Ulang Pasang Surut Dengan Metode Gumbel Di Perairan Boom Baru Dan Tanjung Buyut

Wilayah Palembang merupakan salah satu wilayah yang sering mengalami banjir. Sekitar tanggal 21 Februari 2013 terjadi fenomena meluapnya air sungai Musi di sekitar Palembang, berdasarkan pantauan BMKG SMB II Palembang, bahwa fenomena ini salah satunya diakibatkan oleh terjadinya bulan besar yang menyebabkan pasang di Palembang sehingga membuat air tertahan menuju ke laut. Sifat Pasut terjadi secara periodik. Hal ini dapat dikaitkan pada fenomena banjir yang terjadi di Palembang bahwa kedepannya ada kemungkinan akan terjadi banjir lagi jika dilihat dari aspek pasut penyebabnya. Fenomena tersebut menjadi alasan dilakukan penelitian ini yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis komponen harmonik pasang surut dengan metode Least Square dan menganalisis periode ulang pasang surut di perairan Boom Baru dan Tanjung Buyut dengan metode Gumbel.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan September 2013 di Laboratorium Penginderaan Jauh dan Akustik Kelautan Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Sriwijaya. Data Pasut diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan Pelindo II Cabang Palembang. Datadianalisis dengan metode least square dan Gumbel. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh komponen K1 dan O1 lebih dominan daripada yang lain. Pola perambatan pasut di kedua perairan terjadi dari Tanjung Buyut menuju Boom Baru. Tipe Pasut dikedua perairan berdasarkan hasil analisis adalah bertipe tunggal. Hasil ramalan pasutnya didapat bahwa hasil peramalan pasut yang lebih akurat terdapat di perairan Tanjung Buyut 80,47% daripada Boom Baru 76,47%, dan peluang terjadinya ketinggian muka air melewati MSL adalah pada periode ulang yang lebih besar dari periode ulang 2,25 tahun di Boom Baru dan lebih besar dari 2,43 tahun di Tanjung Buyut

Exploring the associations shared by mood, pain-related attention and pain outcomes related to sleep disturbance in a chronic pain sample

OBJECTIVE: Sleep disturbance in chronic pain is common, occurring in two-thirds of patients. There is a complex relationship between chronic pain and sleep; pain can disrupt sleep and poor sleep can exaggerate pain intensity. This may have an impact on both depressive symptoms and attention to pain. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between chronic pain and sleep, and the role of mood and attention. METHODS: Chronic pain patients, recruited from a secondary care outpatient clinic, completed self-report measures of pain, sleep, depressive symptoms and attention to pain. Hierarchical regression and structural equation modelling were used to explore the relationships between these measures. Participants (n = 221) were aged between 20 and 84 (mean = 52) years. RESULTS: The majority of participants were found to be ‘poor sleepers’ (86%) with increased pain severity, depressive symptoms and attention to pain. Both analytical approaches indicated that sleep disturbance is indirectly associated with increased pain severity Instead the relationship shared by sleep disturbance and pain severity was further associated with depressive symptoms and attention to pain. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that sleep disturbance may contribute to clinical pain severity indirectly though changes in mood and attention. Prospective studies exploring lagged associations between these constructs could have critical information relevant to the treatment of chronic pain