Integrasi Rencana Strategis Dan Pengukuran Kinerja Menggunakan Kerangka Teori Strategic Performance Management Dengan Pendekatan Soft Systems Methodology

Tulisan ini mengkaji proses integrasi rencana strategis dan pengukuran kinerja di Badan Litbang dan Diklat Kementerian Agama menggunakan kerangka teori Strategic Performance Management dengan Soft Systems Methodology. Berdasarkan perbandingan antara model konseptual dengan situasi permasalahan di real world, untuk problem solving interest dihasilkan beberapa saran Perubahan atau rekomendasi terkait struktur, proses dan sikap. Sedangkan untuk research interest disimpulkan bahwa kerangka teori Strategic Performance Management dapat digunakan untuk melakukan integrasi rencana strategis dan pengukuran kinerja di sektor publik, karena mampu menjawab kompleksitas permasalahan yang ada, mendukung proses integrasi strategi jangka panjang dan tujuan operasional, memastikan pengukuran kinerja mendukung pencapaian strategis dan pembelajaran organisasi, serta meningkatkan integrasi dan analisis data serta memfasilitasi kerjasama dan kolaborasi

Predicting and changing attitudes toward same-gender parenting: Informational influence, parasocial contact, and religious fundamentalism

Attitudes toward same-gender parenting are of timely relevance, given increasing recognition of LGBTQ+ rights around the world. Two studies examined the influence of 2 predictors of attitudes toward same-gender parenting. The first was informational influence, which was manipulated via a newspaper-style article dispelling misconceptions about gender identity of children reared by same-gender parents. The second was social influence via parasocial contact measured as prior exposure to a same-gender adoptive parents TV show. Religious fundamentalism (RF) was assessed as an individual difference moderator of informational or social influence. Outcome variables were beliefs about same-gender parenting, perceived problems with same-gender parenting, and social distance from same-gender adoptive parents. We studied these relationships in Canada (Study 1, where same-gender couples’ adoption is legal) and in Italy (Study 2, where same-gender couples’ adoption is not legal). RF moderated the results of informational and social influence in the Canadian context, such that those high in RF tended to be favorably influenced. In Italy, results of informational influence were typically observed among those low in RF, and social influence directly predicted favorable attitudes toward same-gender parenting. Informational and social influence can improve attitudes toward same-gender parenting, but RF and legal/cultural context are also important to considerinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Targeted Subsidy for Malaria Control With Treated Nets Using a Discount Voucher System in Tanzania.

During the last decade insecticide-treated nets have become a key strategy for malaria control. Social marketing is an appealing tool for getting such nets to poor rural African communities who are most afflicted by malaria. This approach usually involves subsidized prices to make nets and insecticide more affordable and help establish a commercial market. We evaluated a voucher system for targeted subsidy of treated nets in young children and pregnant women in two rural districts of southern Tanzania. Qualitative work involved focus group discussions with community leaders, male and female parents of children under 5 years. In-depth interviews were held with maternal and child health clinic staff and retail agents. Quantitative data were collected through interviewing more than 750 mothers of children under 5 years during a cluster sample survey of child health. The voucher return rate was extremely high at 97% (7720/8000). However, 2 years after the start of the scheme awareness among target groups was only 43% (45/104), and only 12% of women (12/103; 95% CI 4-48%) had used a voucher towards the cost of a net. We found some evidence of increased voucher use among least poor households, compared with the poorest households. On the basis of these results we renewed our information, education and communication (IEC) campaign about vouchers. Discount vouchers are a feasible system for targeted subsidies, although a substantial amount of time and effort may be needed to achieve high awareness and uptake - by which we mean the proportion of eligible women who used the vouchers - among those targeted. Within a poor society, vouchers may not necessarily increase health equity unless they cover a high proportion of the total cost: since some cash is needed when using a voucher as part-payment, poorer women among the target group are likely to have lower uptake than richer women. The vouchers have two important additional functions: strengthening the role of public health services in the context of a social marketing programme and forming an IEC tool to demonstrate the group at most risk of severe malaria

Percolation in Networks with Voids and Bottlenecks

A general method is proposed for predicting the asymptotic percolation threshold of networks with bottlenecks, in the limit that the sub-net mesh size goes to zero. The validity of this method is tested for bond percolation on filled checkerboard and "stack-of-triangle" lattices. Thresholds for the checkerboard lattices of different mesh sizes are estimated using the gradient percolation method, while for the triangular system they are found exactly using the triangle-triangle transformation. The values of the thresholds approach the asymptotic values of 0.64222 and 0.53993 respectively as the mesh is made finer, consistent with a direct determination based upon the predicted critical corner-connection probability.Comment: to appear, Physical Review E. Small changes from first versio

Technical Efficiency in the Malaysian Gill Net Artisanal Fishery

Artisanal fishing communities include some of the poorest fishers in Malaysia. The paper presents the first technical efficiency study, whichfinds that artisanal fishers are poor, but enjoy a higher level of technical efficiency than found in the other Malaysian gill net fisheries. It suggests that targeted development assistance to the harvesting sector may be better directed to other priorities in artisanal fishing communities.artisanal fisheries, fisheries development, technical efficiency

Quantitative determination of aflatoxin by high performance liquid chromatography in wheat silos in Golestan province, north of Iran

Background: Aflatoxins are the most common mycotoxins that contaminate crops. They are produced by fungi such as Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Wheat (Tricitumaestivum) is one of the most important staple foods used in Iran, and the environmental conditions in the north of Iran are favorable to fungal growth. This study was designed in order to determine the aflatoxin concentration in wheat samples from silos in Golestan Province north of Iran. Methods: Samples were collected from three silos of Golestan province. First, aflatoxins were isolated using immu-noaffinity chromatography. Then the aflatoxin concentrations were determined by High performance liquid chroma-tography (HPLC) method and fluorescence detector. Results: Ten out of 34 samples (29.4 of samples) were contaminated by aflatoxins.No concentration was found above permitted aflatoxin levels in Iran (15 ng/g). In one sample (2.9), aflatoxin B1 was seen over the permissible limits in Iran. The highest level found in samples for total aflatoxin, aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1 and aflatox-in G2 were 7.08 ng/g, 6.91 ng/g, 0.29 ng/g, 1.37 ng/g and 0.23 ng/g, respectively. No correlation was found between humidity levels in wheat samples contained aflatoxin and wheat samples without aflatoxin. Conclusion: Despite the total aflatoxins determined in samples were below the permissible limits in Iran, the 29 aflatoxin contamination rate can negatively affect health factors and it should not be neglected. So, it is predictable that if the storage duration of samples increases, the aflatoxin contamination levels will increase. © 2015, Iranian Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved

The relative contributions of cereal production, imports, and aid to somali food security

Somalia is among the poorest countries on the planet. Since the fall of Siad Barre’s regime in 1991, the country has been in a near-constant state of food insecurity and suffered two officially declared famines. In order to address the issue of food insecurity in Somalia, a greater understanding of each of the components that contribute to the Somali food supply is merited. Cereal crops make up a third to half of the Somali diet by calories and are among the most important food crops produced by the country. This study investigated the historic trends in domestic cereal production, cereal imports, and food aid (reported in cereal equivalents) in Somalia by exploring secondary data publicly available from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, and the World Food Programme. These data were related to World Bank population data in Microsoft Excel and average per capita production, import, and aid figures were calculated. Median changes over time and their associated interquartile ranges were reported. The data demonstrated that Somali cereal production levels have not improved since the 1960’s, and since that time, they have been characterized by an extreme amount of year-to-year volatility. Moreover, maize and sorghum are the only meaningful fractions of Somalia’s domestic cereal production, and recent total production of each crop is well below the levels observed in the 1980’s. When combined, per capita production of maize and sorghum has decreased precipitously over time (falling from a high of 91 kg per capita in 1972 to just 30 kg per capita in 2012). This is likely due to a combination of stagnant production and rapidly increasing Somali population (up over 350% since 1961). This has increased the importance of cereal imports and aid to Somalia and has made the country vulnerable to disruptions in international cereal markets and foreign government policies. Improving domestic cereal production in Somalia should be part of any future food security strategy for the country. Recent agricultural research in Somalia suggests that the implementation of simple agricultural best management practices can increase cereal production in the country.Keywords: Somalia, Population Growth, Cereal Production, Cereal Imports, Food AidAfr. J. Food Agric. Nutr. Dev. 2019; 19(3): 14587-1460

An Improved Slant Path Attenuation Prediction Method in Tropical Climates

An improved method for predicting slant path attenuation in tropical climates is presented in this paper. The proposed approach is based on rain intensity data R_0.01 (mm/h) from 37 tropical and equatorial stations; and is validated by using the measurement data from a few localities in tropical climates. The new method seems to accurately predict the slant path attenuation in tropical localities, and the comparative tests seem to show significant improvement in terms of the RMS of the relative error variable compared to the RMS obtained with the SAM, Crane, and ITU-R prediction models

The Use of Problem Based Learning to Increase Students' Learning Independent and to Investigate Students' Concept Understanding on Rotational Dynamic at Students of SMA Negeri 4 Banda Aceh

The objective of this study is to find out the increase in student's independent learning and concept understanding on the rotational dynamics after getting the PBL learning and handout. This study was conducted by using "pretest - posttest control group" experimental design. The result of analysis data showed the The average value of N-gain understanding concepts for the experimental group was 74,76%, with the higher category, but for the control group obtained N-gain is 26,76% with low category. N-gain self-regulated laerning for the experimental group was 31% with the medium category and for control group of 20% low category. These results were confirmed by t-test with significant value (0.000) under the probability value (0,05). So that it can be said that PBL learning and the handouts could to improve the student independent learning and concept understanding on the rotational dynamic