Expression of transforming growth factor ? and its correlation with lipodystrophy in oral submucous fibrosis: an immunohistochemical study

Objective: In our routine review of Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) biopsies, we observed decreased adipose tissue even though most are from buccal mucosa. Pathogenesis of OSMF has demonstrated the role of Transforming Growth Factor ? (TGF ?), in causing fibrosis. This study aims to correlate the role of TGF ? with loss of adipose tissue in OSMF. Study Design: From our archives, 84 OSMF cases (24 early and 60 advanced OSMF) were screened for adipose tissue. Immunoexpression of TGF ? in these cases were investigated. Results: Adipose tissue was seen in 67% of early OSMF and in 13% of advanced cases. Early cases showed more intense TGF ? staining of epithelium, fibroblast, macrophages and inflammatory cells than the advanced cases. Conclusion: These findings suggest that TGF ? plays a key role in causing lipodystrophy in OSMF and is secreted more during early course of the disease than in advanced stage

On pressure dependence of the relative compression (V/V0) at room temperature for the solids : copper and lead as prototypes

A correction term has been introduced in the usual Tait’s equation of state (EOS) and then used to predict the pressure dependence of the thermal compression for the solids : copper (Cu) and lead (Pb). The predictive capabilities of the complete EOS are discussed. The results obtained from the modified Usual Tait’s equation of state are found closer to the available experimental data as compared to those values achieved without taking into account the correction factor in the original Tait’s equation of state.Author Affiliation: Deepika Kandpal, K Y Singh and B R K Gupta 1.Department of Physics, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263145, India E-mail : [email protected] of Physics, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263145, Indi

Peripheral blood gene expression reveals an inflammatory transcriptomic signature in Friedreich's ataxia patients.

Transcriptional changes in Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), a rare and debilitating recessive Mendelian neurodegenerative disorder, have been studied in affected but inaccessible tissues-such as dorsal root ganglia, sensory neurons and cerebellum-in animal models or small patient series. However, transcriptional changes induced by FRDA in peripheral blood, a readily accessible tissue, have not been characterized in a large sample. We used differential expression, association with disability stage, network analysis and enrichment analysis to characterize the peripheral blood transcriptome and identify genes that were differentially expressed in FRDA patients (n = 418) compared with both heterozygous expansion carriers (n = 228) and controls (n = 93 739 individuals in total), or were associated with disease progression, resulting in a disease signature for FRDA. We identified a transcriptional signature strongly enriched for an inflammatory innate immune response. Future studies should seek to further characterize the role of peripheral inflammation in FRDA pathology and determine its relevance to overall disease progression

Super Harmonic Mean Labelingof Some Path Related Graphs

A graph  with points and lines is known as a super harmonic mean graphs if it is possible to value the points  with differentvalues  from  in such a way that when everyline  is valued with  then the line values are distinct. In this case,  is known asthe Super harmonic mean labeling of  In this paper, we proved we prove that some path related graphs such as the Path union of two cycles ,  Path union of two cycles , Path union of two crowns  and  Path union of two crowns  all are super harmonic mean graph

Attenuation of camptothecin production and negative relation between hyphal biomass and camptothecin content in endophytic fungal strains isolated from Nothapodytes nimmoniana Grahm (Icacinaceae)

Endophytic fungi, a group of fungi living inside the host plant tissues without causing visible symptoms of disease, are known to occur ubiquitously in plants. Existing in a mutualistic association with their host plants, they have been shown to enhance the plant’s ability to tolerate abiotic and biotic stresses3. In culture, many endophytic species have been shown to produce a number of important secondary metabolites including anticancer,antidiabetic, antifungal and immunosuppressant compounds. Many of these compounds closely mimic those produced by the respective host plants, suggesting that the fungi could in fact potentially serve as an alternative source of plant secondary metabolites. Notwithstanding these findings, to date, there has been no major breakthrough in commercially exploiting the endophytic fungi as a source of important secondary metabolites. Among the reasons attributed is the severe attenuation of production of the secondary metabolite by the fungi in culture. Li et al. showed that successive cultures of an endophytic fungi Pericornia sp. isolated from Torreya grandifolia, resulted in the attenuation of taxol production, though the fungal growth itself was unaffected. Although the reasons for such attenuation are not extensively studied, it is conjectured that it could be due to lack of host stimulus in the culture media

Multiplex Cytological Profiling Assay to Measure Diverse Cellular States

Computational methods for image-based profiling are under active development, but their success hinges on assays that can capture a wide range of phenotypes. We have developed a multiplex cytological profiling assay that “paints the cell” with as many fluorescent markers as possible without compromising our ability to extract rich, quantitative profiles in high throughput. The assay detects seven major cellular components. In a pilot screen of bioactive compounds, the assay detected a range of cellular phenotypes and it clustered compounds with similar annotated protein targets or chemical structure based on cytological profiles. The results demonstrate that the assay captures subtle patterns in the combination of morphological labels, thereby detecting the effects of chemical compounds even though their targets are not stained directly. This image-based assay provides an unbiased approach to characterize compound- and disease-associated cell states to support future probe discovery