Geometry description markup language for physics simulation and analysis applications

The Geometry Description Markup Language (GDML) is a specialized XML-based language designed as an application-independent persistent format for describing the geometries of detectors associated with physics measurements. It serves to implement ''geometry trees'' which correspond to the hierarchy of volumes a detector geometry can be composed of, and to allow to identify the position of individual solids, as well as to describe the materials they are made of. Being pure XML, GDML can be universally used, and in particular it can be considered as the format for interchanging geometries among different applications. In this paper we will present the current status of the development of GDML. After having discussed the contents of the latest GDML schema, which is the basic definition of the format, we will concentrate on the GDML processors. We will present the latest implementation of the GDML ''writers'' as well as ''readers'' for either Geant4 [2], [3] or ROOT [4], [10]

Reestablishment of Performance Management System of Headquarter of F Provincial Expressway Company

企业要走向市场，立足于市场，就要参与市场竞争，要在市场上处于不败之地，就要有先进的管理机制与管理理念，不断壮大完善自己，提高自身竞争力。而企业提高自身竞争力的有效途径之一是进行基于战略的绩效管理，通过实施绩效管理在经营过程中实现投入产出最优化，夯实利润增长的基础，所以建立有效的绩效管理体系对于全面提升公司的竞争能力，具有十分重要的现实意义。同时，企业内外部环境的变化使得企业的管理需求更加多样化，进而进一步加大了绩效管理实施的难度。如何保证绩效管理不仅适应企业实际，同时适时反映企业内外部环境变化，也就成了当前理论界和企业界面临的新课题。 我国自上世纪八十年代末开始兴建高速公路，1988年12月...The enterprises have to participate in competition in order to enter and to base on market. Whether an enterprise can remain invincible for a long time depends on equipping with advanced management system and idea, continuously improving and enhancing the market competitiveness. One of the effective ways to enhance the competitiveness is to carry out the strategy-based performance management, opti...学位：工商管理硕士院系专业：管理学院工商管理教育中心（MBA中心）_工商管理硕士(MBA)学号：1792007115056

POOL development status and production experience

The pool of persistent objects for LHC (POOL) project, part of the large Hadron collider (LHC) computing grid (LCG), is now entering its third year of active development. POOL provides the baseline persistency framework for three LHC experiments. It is based on a strict component model, insulating experiment software from a variety of storage technologies. This paper gives a brief overview of the POOL architecture, its main design principles and the experience gained with integration into LHC experiment frameworks. It also presents recent developments in the POOL works areas of relational database abstraction and object storage into relational database management systems (RDBMS) systems

GEANT4 : a simulation toolkit

Abstract Geant4 is a toolkit for simulating the passage of particles through matter. It includes a complete range of functionality including tracking, geometry, physics models and hits. The physics processes offered cover a comprehensive range, including electromagnetic, hadronic and optical processes, a large set of long-lived particles, materials and elements, over a wide energy range starting, in some cases, from 250 eV and extending in others to the TeV energy range. It has been designed and constructed to expose the physics models utilised, to handle complex geometries, and to enable its easy adaptation for optimal use in different sets of applications. The toolkit is the result of a worldwide collaboration of physicists and software engineers. It has been created exploiting software engineering and object-oriented technology and implemented in the C++ programming language. It has been used in applications in particle physics, nuclear physics, accelerator design, space engineering and medical physics. PACS: 07.05.Tp; 13; 2

GEANT4--a simulation toolkikt

Geant4 is a toolkit for simulating the passage of particles through matter. It includes a complete range of functionality including tracking, geometry, physics models and hits. The physics processes offered cover a comprehensive range, including electromagnetic, hadronic and optical processes, a large set of long-lived particles, materials and elements, over a wide energy range starting, in some cases, from 250 eV and extending in others to the TeV energy range. It has been designed and constructed to expose the physics models utilised, to handle complex geometries, and to enable its easy adaptation for optimal use in different sets of applications. The toolkit is the result of a worldwide collaboration of physicists and software engineers. It has been created exploiting software engineering and object-oriented technology and implemented in the C++ programming language. It has been used in applications in particle physics, nuclear physics, accelerator design, space engineering and medical physics