Nuevos datos petrográficos, geoquímicos y geocronológicos del plutón de Reguengos de Monsaraz (Zona de Ossa Morena, SO del Macizo Ibérico, Portugal)

The Reguengos de Monsaraz pluton is a late to post-tectonic Variscan intrusion occurring in the Ossa Morena Zone (Iberian Variscan Chain). The dominant lithological types are tonalites and granodiorites, but the internal area of the massif is composed of gabbro-dioritic rocks. Field evidence shows that the intrusion is heterogeneous at mesoscopic scale suggesting that the emplacement of mafic and felsic magmas was contemporaneous. Petrographic and geochemical studies reveal that the different lithologic types define a continuous sequence with compositions varying from metaluminous to slightly peraluminous and a typical calc-alkaline signature. In Harker variation diagrams, it is possible to observe systematic rectilinear correlations pointing to the involvement of magma mingling/mixing processes in the petrogenesis of this sequence. Rb-Sr isotopic data, using a mineral-mineral pair from a granodiorite sample, yielded an age of 298 Ma, interpreted as a cooling age after igneous crystallization.El plutón de Reguengos de Monsaraz es una intrusión varisca tardi- a post- tectónica localizada en la Zona de Ossa Morena (Cadena Varisca Ibérica). Los tipos litológicos dominantes son las tonalitas y las granodioritas aunque la zona mas interna del macizo está formada por rocas gabro-dioríticas. Las evidencias de campo muestran que todos los tipos litológicos son heterogéneos a escala mesoscópica y sugeren que el emplazamiento de los magmas máficos y félsicos fue contemporáneo. Los estudios petrográficos y geoquímicos muestran que los diferentes litotipos definen una secuencia continua con una afinidad calcoalcalina típica y composiciones variando desde metaluminosas a peraluminosas. En los diagramas de Harker se observan correlaciones rectilíneas sistemáticas, lo que sugiere que la mezcla de magmas tuvo un papel decisivo en su petrogénesis. Los datos isotopicos de Rb-Sr, usando un par mineral-mineral de una granodiorita, da una edad de 298 Ma, que se interpreta como la edad del enfriamiento posterior a la cristalización ígnea

Conservation of Mediterranean oak woodlands: understorey dynamics under different shrub management

The effect of experimental disturbances on the dynamics of a shrub community was studied on a ‘Montado’ ecosystem, in southern Portugal. The evolution of the community physiognomy, composition and diversity were monitored after shrub clearing followed by biomass removal, deposition on soil surface and incorporation with the soil, over a 9-year period. Maximum shrub density was recorded in the first year after the disturbances, excepting in mulched plots which showed the greatest number of individuals 1 year later. The increment of shrub leaf biomass was very fast in the first 3 years, whereas wood production was slower but occurred along the whole study period. At the end of the study, leaf and wood biomass was still significantly lower than in the predisturbance situation. The variation pattern of leaf area index was similar to that of leaf biomass. The evolution of total plant cover and diversity was similar across treatments. The highest species richness and diversity were recorded 2 years after cutting, decreasing afterwards with the increasing dominance of shrubs. Thus it seems likely that, although a 9 year period is too short for these communities to reach steady equilibrium, they are very resistant and resilient to disturbances, as regeneration was fast and vegetation dynamics was not influenced by differences among treatments. We can conclude that shrub clearing promotes biodiversity and the time of permanence of shrub patches depends on the particular goal we want to achieve

Conservation of Mediterranean oak woodlands: understorey dynamics under different shrub management

The effect of experimental disturbances on the dynamics of a shrub community was studied on a ‘Montado’ ecosystem, in southern Portugal. The evolution of the community physiognomy, composition and diversity were monitored after shrub clearing followed by biomass removal, deposition on soil surface and incorporation with the soil, over a 9-year period. Maximum shrub density was recorded in the first year after the disturbances, excepting in mulched plots which showed the greatest number of individuals 1 year later. The increment of shrub leaf biomass was very fast in the first 3 years, whereas wood production was slower but occurred along the whole study period. At the end of the study, leaf and wood biomass was still significantly lower than in the predisturbance situation. The variation pattern of leaf area index was similar to that of leaf biomass. The evolution of total plant cover and diversity was similar across treatments. The highest species richness and diversity were recorded 2 years after cutting, decreasing afterwards with the increasing dominance of shrubs. Thus it seems likely that, although a 9 year period is too short for these communities to reach steady equilibrium, they are very resistant and resilient to disturbances, as regeneration was fast and vegetation dynamics was not influenced by differences among treatments. We can conclude that shrub clearing promotes biodiversity and the time of permanence of shrub patches depends on the particular goal we want to achieve

Infecção Nosocomial em Recém-Nascido de Muito Baixo Peso ao Nascer

Objectivo: A infecção nosocomial é uma complicação importante nos recém-nascidos pré-termo com muito baixo peso ao nascer (RNMBP), internados em Unidades de Cuidados Especiais (UCE). Os autores pretendem avaliar a taxa de incidência de infecção nosocomial assim como a sua associação a dispositivos invasivos em RN com peso ao nascer inferior a 1500g. Métodos: Apresenta-se um estudo retrospectivo sobre a infecção nosocomial em recém-nascidos com peso ao nascer inferior a 1500g, internados na Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos e Intermédios do Serviço de Pediatria da Maternidade Dr. Alfredo da Costa, no ano de 2003. Foram incluídos todos os recém-nascidos internados em Unidade de Cuidados Especiais (UCE) até aos 28 dias de idade. Os critérios para o diagnóstico de infecção nosocomial neste estudo foram definidos pelo Programa Nacional de Controlo de Infecção. Resultados: No período do estudo estiveram internados em UCE um total de 589 recém-nascidos, dos quais 145 (25%) tinham peso ao nascer inferior a 1500g. A taxa de incidência de infecção nosocomial foi de 25,5% neste grupo de RNMBP, comparativamente a 11,3% no total da população internada no ano de 2003 nas referidas UCE. Esta taxa foi de 47% nos recém-nascidos com peso < 750g e de 41% nos de peso compreendido entre 750g e 999g. A sepsis foi a infecção encontrada em 70% dos casos. A associação da sepsis a cateter venoso central (CVC) é maior em recém-nascidos com peso ao nascer inferior a 1500g. No presente estudo obteve-se uma taxa de 10,8% em recém-nascidos com peso ≤ 1500g e de 6,2% em recém-nascidos com peso > 1500g. Não se encontraram diferenças na associação de pneumonia a tubo endotraqueal (TET), de acordo com o peso ao nascer. Conclusão: A infecção nosocomial é um problema das UCI neonatais e é tanto maior quanto maior é a prematuridade. Há necessidade de estabelecer estratégias de prevenção que visem a modificação de factores de risco, particularmente os factores extrínsecos ao recém-nascido, tais como tempo de permanência nas UCI, tempo de CVC, cuidados de assepsia nos procedimentos invasivos e manipulação do recém-nascido

Cross-national consistency in the relationship between bullying behaviors and psychosocial adjustment

WOS:000223067900003Objective: To determine whether the relationship between bullying and psychosocial adjustment is consistent across countries by standard measures and methods. Design: Cross-sectional self-report surveys were obtained from nationally representative samples of students in 25 countries. Involvement in bullying, as bully, victim, or both bully and victim, was assessed. Settings: Surveys were conducted at public and private schools throughout the participating countries. Participants: Participants included all consenting students in sampled classrooms, for a total of 113200 students at average ages of 11.5, 13.5, and 15.5 years. Main Outcome Measures: Psychosocial adjustment dimensions assessed included health problems, emotional adjustment, school adjustment, relationships with classmates, alcohol use, and weapon carrying. Results: Involvement in bullying varied dramatically across countries, ranging from 9% to 54% of youth. However, across all countries, involvement in bullying was associated with poorer psychosocial adjustment (P<.05). In all or nearly all countries, bullies, victims, and bully-victims reported greater health problems and poorer emotional and social adjustment. Victims and bully-victims consistently reported poorer relationships with classmates, whereas bullies and bully-victims reported greater alcohol use and weapon carrying. Conclusions: The association of bullying with poorer psychosocial adjustment is remarkably similar across countries. Bullying is a critical issue for the health of youth internationally.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio