3,160 research outputs found
Ablative response of a silica phenolic to simulated liquid propellant rocket engine operating conditions
Ablative response of silica phenolic to simulated liquid propellant rocket engine operating condition
Interpretation of runaway electron synchrotron and bremsstrahlung images
The crescent spot shape observed in DIII-D runaway electron synchrotron
radiation images is shown to result from the high degree of anisotropy in the
emitted radiation, the finite spectral range of the camera and the distribution
of runaways. The finite spectral camera range is found to be particularly
important, as the radiation from the high-field side can be stronger by a
factor than the radiation from the low-field side in DIII-D. By
combining a kinetic model of the runaway dynamics with a synthetic synchrotron
diagnostic we see that physical processes not described by the kinetic model
(such as radial transport) are likely to be limiting the energy of the
runaways. We show that a population of runaways with lower dominant energies
and larger pitch-angles than those predicted by the kinetic model provide a
better match to the synchrotron measurements. Using a new synthetic
bremsstrahlung diagnostic we also simulate the view of the Gamma Ray Imager
(GRI) diagnostic used at DIII-D to resolve the spatial distribution of
runaway-generated bremsstrahlung.Comment: 21 pages, 11 figure
Stability and electronic structure of the complex KPtCl structure-type hydrides
The stability and bonding of the ternary complex KPtCl structure
hydrides is discussed using first principles density functional calculations.
The cohesion is dominated by ionic contributions, but ligand field effects are
important, and are responsible for the 18-electron rule. Similarities to oxides
are discussed in terms of the electronic structure. However, phonon
calculations for SrRuH also show differences, particularly in the
polarizability of the RuH octahedra. Nevertheless, the yet to be made
compounds PbRuH and BeFeH are possible ferroelectrics. The
electronic structure and magnetic properties of the decomposition product,
FeBe are reported. Implications of the results for H storage are discussed
Policy instruments in the Common Agricultural Policy
Policy changes in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) can be explained in terms of the exhaustion and long-term contradictions of policy instruments. Changes in policy instruments have reoriented the policy without any change in formal Treaty goals. The social and economic efficacy of instruments in terms of evidence-based policy analysis was a key factor in whether they were delegitimized. The original policy instruments were generally dysfunctional, but reframing the policy in terms of a multifunctionality paradigm permitted the development of more efficacious instruments. A dynamic interaction takes place between the instruments and policy informed by the predominant discourses
“I don’t know anything about their Culture”: The Disconnect between Allopathic and Traditional Maternity Care Providers in Rural Northern Ghana
The provision of maternal and neonatal health care in rural northern Ghana is pluralistic, consisting of traditional and allopathic providers. Although women often use these providers interchangeably, important differences exist. This study explored the differences in approaches to maternal and neonatal care provision by these two different types of providers. This research was part of the Stillbirth and Neonatal Death Study (SANDS), conducted in northern Ghana in 2010. Trained field staff of the Navrongo Health Research Centre conducted in-depth interviews with 13 allopathic and 8 traditional providers. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using in vivo coding and discussion amongst the research team. Three overarching themes resulted: 1) many allopathic providers were isolated from the culture of the communities in which they practiced, while traditional providers were much more aware of the local cultural beliefs and practices. 2) Allopathic and traditional healthcare providers have different frameworks for understanding health and disease, with allopathic providers relying heavily on their biomedical knowledge, and traditional providers drawing on their knowledge of natural remedies. 3) All providers agreed that education directed at pregnant women, providers (both allopathic and traditional), and the community at large is needed to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. Our findings suggest that, among other things, programmatic efforts need to be placed on the cultural education of allopathic providers. (Afr J Reprod Health 2014; 18[2]: 36-45).Keywords: Allopathic medicine, traditional medicine, maternal health, delivery care, cultur
Chebyshev approach to quantum systems coupled to a bath
We propose a new concept for the dynamics of a quantum bath, the Chebyshev
space, and a new method based on this concept, the Chebyshev space method. The
Chebyshev space is an abstract vector space that exactly represents the
fermionic or bosonic bath degrees of freedom, without a discretization of the
bath density of states. Relying on Chebyshev expansions the Chebyshev space
representation of a bath has very favorable properties with respect to
extremely precise and efficient calculations of groundstate properties, static
and dynamical correlations, and time-evolution for a great variety of quantum
systems. The aim of the present work is to introduce the Chebyshev space in
detail and to demonstrate the capabilities of the Chebyshev space method.
Although the central idea is derived in full generality the focus is on model
systems coupled to fermionic baths. In particular we address quantum impurity
problems, such as an impurity in a host or a bosonic impurity with a static
barrier, and the motion of a wave packet on a chain coupled to leads. For the
bosonic impurity, the phase transition from a delocalized electron to a
localized polaron in arbitrary dimension is detected. For the wave packet on a
chain, we show how the Chebyshev space method implements different boundary
conditions, including transparent boundary conditions replacing infinite leads.
Furthermore the self-consistent solution of the Holstein model in infinite
dimension is calculated. With the examples we demonstrate how highly accurate
results for system energies, correlation and spectral functions, and
time-dependence of observables are obtained with modest computational effort.Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.
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