A study on incremental mining of frequent patterns

Data generated from both the offline and online sources are incremental in nature. Changes in the underlying database occur due to the incremental data. Mining frequent patterns are costly in changing databases, since it requires scanning the database from the start. Thus, mining of growing databases has been a great concern. To mine the growing databases, a new Data Mining technique called Incremental Mining has emerged. The Incremental Mining uses previous mining result to get the desired knowledge by reducing mining costs in terms of time and space. This state of the art paper focuses on Incremental Mining approaches and identifies suitable approaches which are the need of real world problem.Keywords: Data Mining, Frequent Pattern, Incremental Mining, Frequent Pattern Minung, High Utility Mining, Constraint Mining

Investigation of efficient synthesis of 1, 8-dioxo-octahydroxanthene derivatives under solvent-free grinding method

In these studies, we had observed polyaniline (PANI) supported p-toluene sulfonic acid (TsOH) and FeCl3 (PANI- TsOH, PANI-FeCl3) as excellent reusable solid acid catalysts for the synthesis of 1, 8-dioxo-octahydroxanthene derivatives 4(a-g) under solvent-free grinding method at mild conditions. Additionally, in the same optimized condition ferric nitrate nonahydrate also acted as (non-reusable) very reactive inexpensive Lewis acid catalyst. The ferric nitrate nonahydrate lost its activity in the form of Clayfen (Clay-supported ferric nitrate) catalyst

SOUVENIR ALL INDIA COORDINATED RESEARCH PROJECT FOR DRYLAND AGRICULTURE CRIDA, HYDERABAD XV Working Group Meeting (24th-27th December, 2015) BISWANATH CHARIALI CENTRE ASSAM AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

Not AvailableIt is my proud privilege to express heartfelt thanks to the entire AICRPDA family for giving me the responsibility of bringing out a souvenir to commemorate the occasion of XVth Working Group Meeting of AICRPDA at Biswanath Chariali Centre, BNCA, Assam Agricultural University. I, on behalf of the editorial board do extend a warm welcome to all delegate scientists and dignitaries coming from different parts of our country to this holy historic place of Biswanath, popularly known as ‘Gupta Kanshi’. Holding such a mega event of national importance for the first time at a place like Biswanath Chariali at the far east of the country amidst the bounty of natural resources and an area being almost entirely rainfed is of great significance. In view of the aim of realizing the dream of another green revolution that is envisaged from the rainfed areas of the country particularly the eastern and north eastern parts; this workshop is expected to march ahead further for achieving the goal. The vast ‘Gene’ resource of the North East India offers plenty of scope for their utilization to cope up the challenges of rainfed agriculture. This is a challenging task of converting these ‘Gene’ resources into viable ‘Seed Resources’ for their commercial exploitation keeping the very natural resource base and integrity unaltered. A holistic effort with all modern technological interventions is the need of the hour to bring into sustainable utilization of the natural resource base of the region. The idea of bringing out the souvenir in its present form came with the realization of the need of accumulating the multitude of the concepts required for framing the objectives of rainfed area research particularly for the North Eastern part of India. I am fortunate to have the wholehearted response from many luminaries from several ICAR institutes including CRIDA and number dignified scientists from the Assam Agricultural University contributing their valuable articles. I, do express gratitude and thankfulness from my inner core of the heart to all of them for their valuable contributions. I am extremely grateful to the Honorable Vice Chancellor, AAU, Dr. Kamalmalla Bujarbaruah sir, for his constant inspiration and suggestions all along the organization of the workshop. I would also like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Srinivasa Rao, Director, CRIDA, Dr. G. N. Hazarika, Director of Research (Agri), AAU, Dr.G.Rabindra Charry, PC, AICRPDA, Dr. T.C. Baruah, Associate Dean, BNCA, Dr. P.K. Sarma, CS, AICRPDA and all associated scientists for their encouragement, moral support and valuable suggestions. Last but not the least, all the Research Associates working under AICRPDA, BNCA, do deserve due share of thanks for their all round helps in bringing out the souvenir.Not Availabl

Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), excellent source of phytochemicals

Ocimum sanctum also known as Tulsi or Holybasil is an aromatic plant and it belongs to the family Lamiaceae. It is widely used as medicine to cure various ailments. The objective of the study was to analyse different phytochemical components of tulsi leaf. The dried powder of Tulsi (50g) was placed in the thimble of Soxhlet apparatus and the experiment was done separately for methanol, ethanol and distilled water. The percentage yield was 8%w/w,7%w/w, and 5%w/w respectively. The study reveals that various secondary metabolites such as carbohydrate, tannin, flavonoids, saponins, glycoside, terpenoid, fatty acids and phenol are present in tulsi leaf extract. From the quantitative analysis it was found that high amount of phenols are present in Tulsi leaf ranging from 1.6 to 7.6 percentages. Consequently the amount of alkaloid and flavonoids ranged from 0.91 to 1.28 and 1.56 to 2.24 percentages respectively. From the GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract three compounds were identified as major constituents viz., Eugenol , Benzene, 1, 2-dimethoxy- 4- (2- propenyl), α - Farnesene and Cyclohexane, 1, 2, 4- triethenyl. Thesephyto-chemicals are known to possess antiseptic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antistress, immunomodulatory, hypoglycemic, hypotensive and antioxidant properties. Hence it is more beneficial to use tulsi asan herbal medicine as compare to chemically synthesized drug

Synthesis of natural fiber templated high surface area nano-structured TiO2 and its application in photocatalysis

Photocatalytic degradation of various organic pollutants under irradiation of light is possible by using TiO2 as a photocatalyst. Activity of TiO2 mainly in the UV range makes it necessary to modify TiO2 by doping in order to impart activity in the visible region. We report here a wet chemical synthesis of S doped TiO2 and Pure TiO2 hollow tube structures by depositing precursor on Kapok fiber and Banana Fiber used as sacrificial templates. The doping of elemental sulfur is done, so that the synthesized material exhibits photocatalysis under visible light. The most advantageous features of this process are cost effectiveness, less time consumption, eco-friendliness and simplicity. The use of Kapok fiber and Banana fiber as template for the synthesis provides the condition for facile crystallization and growth of TiO2 nanostructures in a single step process. Although at a temperature more than 600 0 C, rutile phase starts to form, in this synthesis even at 750 0 C of calcination temperature purely anatase phase was present. Another important feature of this synthesis method is that the hollow tubular structures obtained ensures high specific surface area. This synthesis process of nanostructures of TiO2 thus can be considered for industrial production. The prepared material was characterized using XRD (X-Ray Diffractometer), Raman Spectroscopy, FESEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy), EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectrometer), UV-Spectroscopy, BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller), TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis). Photocatalytic study of the synthesized material was done by degradation of Methylene Blue under the irradiation of visible light. High activity of S-doped TiO2 under visible light was found

RNase P Branches Out from RNP to Protein: Organelle-Triggered Diversification?

RNase P is the enzyme that removes 5′ leader sequences from precursor tRNAs. Remarkably, in most organisms, RNase P is a ribonucleoprotein particle where the RNA component is responsible for catalysis. In this issue of Genes \u26 Development, Gutmann and colleagues (pp. 1022–1027) report the first organism,Arabidopsis thaliana, to employ protein-only RNase P in both its nucleus and organelles. An intriguing possibility is that replacement of RNase P ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs) by proteins may have been triggered by the acquisition of organelles

Larvicidal efficacy of Toddalia asiatica (Linn.) Lam against two mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus

The hexane, acetone and methanol extracts of mature fruits and leaves from Toddalia asiatica was investigated to establish its bio-control potentiality under laboratory condition against fourth instars larvae of Dengue vector, Aedes aegypti and Filarial vector, Culex quinquefasciatus. Hexane extract of fruits of T. asiatica showed highest larvicidal activity against both mosquito vector. LC50 value of hexane, acetone and methanol extracts of fruits against A. aegypti were 37.23, 50.69 and 125.55 ppm and against C. quinquefasciatus were 33.23, 82.20 and 215.19 ppm, respectively. Hexane, acetone and methanol extracts of leaves also showed potency against A. aegypti with LC50 values of 133.80, 177.20 and 79.48 and against C. quinquefasciatus with LC50 values of 164.53, 175.28 and 87.87 ppm, respectively .These results suggested that T. asiatica is promising as larvicide against both targeted mosquitoes

Development of mobile phone based agro-advisory system through ICT mediated extension approach in North-eastern himalayan region of India

To achieve gainful development in agriculture to ensure food security in the north-eastern Himalayan region of India, an initiative was taken to develop mobile phone based agro-advisory system with the objective to empower the farmers by providing right information at right time through Information and Communication Technology mediated extension approach. 2000 farmers and farm women were selected as beneficiaries through snowball sampling method based on certain criteria. The major features of the system to deliver the farm advices (Pull Based) and information services (Push Based) through toll free Interactive Voice Response System (IVRS), Smart Phone Application, Mobile phone and Web based agriculture advisory system. It was found that on an average almost 200 advisories were provided every month, which even shoot up to almost 300 calls per month in the peak Kharif seasons as bulk of the advisories were provided during the months of May to November as most number of calls from the farmers came during the period. Majority of the advisories were provided on fishery management practices (17.32%), source of seed (9.95%), livestock management (9.18%), disease and pest management of crops (8.75%), training information (9.35%), rural development schemes (7.76%) etc. Moreover, the inclusion of need based training component and convergence with different extension functionaries helped to develop an ICT based Stakeholder Interface (Experts-Line Departments-Agripreneurs-Farmers) in the field of agriculture in the region. This alternate extension system also helped to develop better rapport with the farmers and can be replicated in other hilly region of the world