37 research outputs found

    L'agendu de sommeil intéractif comme outil individuel de management de la fatigue (Du sport de haut niveau à la santé publique)

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    L'objectif Ă©tait de dĂ©velopper un outil individuel de management de la fatigue. Cet outil, dĂ©nommĂ© ScextanÂź, a Ă©tĂ© conçu sous la forme d'une application informatique. Pour cela, plusieurs Ă©tapes de dĂ©veloppement et de validation ont Ă©tĂ© franchies. Dans un premier temps, nous avons choisi d'observer le sommeil des navigateurs Ă  la voile en solitaire qui doivent gĂ©rer une forte privation de sommeil. Les rĂ©sultats ont montrĂ© que ces marins sont soumis aux mĂȘmes principes de rĂ©gulation de sommeil que l'adulte sain. Nous avons retenu ces sujets comme population expĂ©rimentale. Dans un deuxiĂšme temps, nous avons validĂ© le logiciel ScextanÂź pour la mesure du rythme veille-sommeil qui s'est rĂ©vĂ©lĂ©e plus prĂ©cise qu'avec un agenda de sommeil manuscrit. Puis, nous avons Ă©valuĂ© la pertinence de l'implĂ©mentation d'un modĂšle de prĂ©diction mathĂ©matique de performances dans ScextanÂź. Chez des marins en course, le modĂšle a su prĂ©dire 70% de la variance des mesures. Dans un dernier temps, ScextanÂź a Ă©tĂ© proposĂ© aux skippers de la course transatlantique "Route du Rhum". Seul le vainqueur de la course a utilisĂ© de façon quasi systĂ©matique le logiciel ScextanÂź pour gĂ©rer son Ă©tat de forme. L'agenda de Sommeil Interactif ScextanÂź est toujours en cours de dĂ©veloppement, mais a dĂ©jĂ  dĂ©montrĂ© qu'il pouvait ĂȘtre un outil de recherche Ă  part entiĂšre, et qu'il tendrait rapidement Ă  devenir un outil pĂ©dagogique.The goal of the thesis was to develop an individual fatigue management tool called ScextanÂź and designed as a software application. The development of this system involved several research and validation steps. We first describe sleep patterns of single-handed sailors, who have to manage severe sleep deprivation. Results suggested that single-handed sailors are subject to the same principles of sleep regulation as healthy adults and we choose these subjects as our mains test population. In a second step, we developed and validated the ScextanÂź software application. Results revealed that ScextanÂź is more accurate than a paper-based sleep diary. The third study was to measure fatigue in single-handed ocean race and compare the results with a mathematical prediction model of performances, which was able to predict 67% of the measured fatigue. Lastly, skippers of the 2010 "Route du Rhum" single-handed transatlantic race were offered use of ScextanÂź. The race winner was the only sailor to use it intensively to manage and rationallyanticipate his state of alertness. Although ScextanÂź is still being improved, it has already proved itself to be a valuable research tool and is on the way to becoming an individual management tool.DUNKERQUE-SCD-Bib.electronique (591839901) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Validation of the Vivago Wrist-Worn accelerometer in the assessment of physical activity

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    BACKGROUND: Most accelerometers are worn around the waist (hip or lower back) to assess habitual physical activity. Wrist-worn accelerometers may be an alternative to the waist-worn monitors and may improve compliance in studies with prolonged wear. The aim of this study was to validate the VivagoÂź Wrist-Worn Accelerometer at various intensities of physical activity (PA) in adults. METHODS: Twenty-one healthy adults aged 20–34 years were recruited for the study. Accelerometer data and oxygen uptake (VO(2)) were measured at sedentary, light, moderate and vigorous levels of PA. RESULTS: Activity categories and accelerometer counts were: sedentary, 0–15 counts·min(−1); light, 16–40 counts·min(−1); moderate, 41–85 counts·min(−1); and vigorous activity, >; 85 counts·min(−1). ANOVA repeated measures was used to determine the relationship between accelerometry data output and oxygen consumption (r = .89; p <; .001). The Bland and Altman method showed good agreement in the assessment of energy expenditure between the indirect calorimetry and the data obtained by the accelerometer. CONCLUSIONS: Results of the study suggest that the VivagoÂź wrist-worn accelerometer is a valid measure of PA at varying levels of intensity. The study has also defined threshold values at 4 intensities and hence te VivagoÂź accelerometer may be used to quantify PA in free living conditions among adults. This device has possible application in treating a variety of important health concerns

    Sommeil et course au large en solitaire : comportements des coureurs et Ă©tude de faisabilitĂ© d’un « agenda interactif de sommeil »

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    La course au large en solitaire associe un effort physique et cognitif intense et prolongĂ© durant 10 Ă  100 jours dans des conditions extrĂȘmes. Elle implique le recours Ă  un sommeil fractionnĂ© et des pĂ©riodes de repos courtes rĂ©parties sur l’ensemble du nycthĂ©mĂšre. Ces difficultĂ©s sont Ă©voquĂ©es pour expliquer les incidents, accidents et altĂ©rations des performances.Cette Ă©tude recense les stratĂ©gies mises en Ɠuvre par neuf des meilleurs skippers de la spĂ©cialitĂ© pour prĂ©parer puis gĂ©rer ces contraintes au cours d’une course, puis suit un skipper durant une course autour du monde en solitaire et sans escale d’une durĂ©e de cent jours.A partir de ces observations, il a Ă©tĂ© proposĂ© Ă  un skipper expĂ©rimentĂ© de tester un agenda interactif de « sommeil » afin d’apprendre Ă  gĂ©rer de façon optimale ses pĂ©riodes de repos durant une course.Ce travail met en Ă©vidence que les sujets sont conscients de l’importance de gĂ©rer leurs pĂ©riodes de repos, mais mettent en Ɠuvre peu de stratĂ©gies de prĂ©paration et de gestion du sommeil avant et durant leur course. Ils prĂ©sentent une pĂ©riode d’adaptation Ă  ces conditions extrĂȘmes allant de 24 Ă  72 heures et rencontrent ensuite des pĂ©riodes de fatigue extrĂȘme avec hallucinations. Cette fatigue a des consĂ©quences sur la performance, mais aussi sur l’accidentologie qui apparaĂźt nettement majorĂ©e avec un possible dĂ©lai allant jusqu’à 72h aprĂšs l’installation d’une dette de sommeil trop importante. Les outils de laboratoire, qui ne pourraient donner des informations intĂ©ressantes que sur la base d’une utilisation continue, sont trĂšs difficiles Ă  mettre en Ɠuvre ici.Dans ces circonstances, le recours Ă  un agenda de sommeil « interactif », utilisĂ© par le sujet pour comptabiliser et gĂ©rer la rĂ©partition et la durĂ©e de ses pĂ©riodes de sommeil, semble ĂȘtre une solution individuelle de gestion des alternances veille sommeil. Il pourrait exister un seuil critique de dette de sommeil en dessous duquel on observerait une frĂ©quence plus Ă©levĂ©e d’incidents et d’accidents. Cette Ă©tude prĂ©liminaire sera poursuivie par une observation Ă  plus grande Ă©chelle afin de pouvoir valider l’ « agenda interactif de sommeil » comme outil de routine tant descriptif que d’apprentissage.Solo sailing racing associates intense and prolonged (10 to 100 days) physical and cognitive effort under extreme conditions. It involves split sleep and short rest periods distributed throughout the day and night. These difficulties are mentioned to explain incidents, accidents and changes in performance.This study identifies the strategies used by nine of the best solo skippers to prepare and then manage these constraints during a race. It then follows one of the skippers for a one-hundred-day non-stop solo race around the world.Based on these observations, it was proposed to one skipper that he test an interactive “sleep” diary so that he could learn how to manage his periods of sleep in an optimal way during a race.This study shows that the subjects are aware of the importance of managing their periods of rest, but use few sleep preparation and management strategies before and during their race. They undergo an adaptation period to these extreme conditions for 24 to 72 hours and then experience periods of extreme fatigue with hallucinations. This fatigue has consequences on their performance, but also on accidentology, which seems much greater with a possible time lag of up to 72 hours after an excessive sleep debt. Laboratory tools, which could provide interesting information only with continuous use, are very difficult to use under these extreme conditions.Under these circumstances, an interactive sleep diary, used by the subject to record and manage the distribution and duration of his periods of sleep, seems to be an individual solution for managing the wake and sleep cycle. A critical sleep-debt threshold may exist, below which a higher frequency of incidents and accidents would be observed. This preliminary study will be followed by larger scale observations in order to validate the “interactive sleep diary” as a routine descriptive and learning tool.La regata a vela en solitario se asocia a un esfuerzo fĂ­sico y cognitivo intenso y prolongado durante 10 a 100 dĂ­as en condiciones extremas. Esto implica el recurrir a un sueño fraccionado y a periodos de reposo cortos distribuidos en el conjunto del dĂ­a y la noche. Estas dificultades son evocadas para explicar los incidentes, accidentes y deterioro en el rendimiento.Este estudio reĂșne las estrategias adoptadas por nueve de los mejores skippers de la especialidad para prepararse y manejar las dificultades a lo largo de una carrera, despuĂ©s se incluye el seguimiento a un capitĂĄn durante una carrera alrededor del mundo en solitario y sin escalas, con una duraciĂłn de 100 dĂ­as.A partir de estas observaciones, se propuso a un capitĂĄn con experiencia probar una “agenda interactiva de sueño”, con el fin de aprender a administrar de forma Ăłptima sus periodos de reposo durante una carrera.Este trabajo pone en evidencia que los sujetos son conscientes de la importancia de administrar sus periodos de sueño, pero ponen en marcha pocas estrategias de preparaciĂłn y de manejo del sueño antes y durante sus carreras. Los resultados muestran un periodo de adaptaciĂłn a estas condiciones extremas de 24 a 72 horas seguidos de periodos de fatiga extrema con alucinaciones. Esta fatiga tiene consecuencias sobre el rendimiento, pero tambiĂ©n sobre la accidentalidad, que aparece claramente aumentada en un posible plazo hasta de 72 horas, despuĂ©s del establecimiento de una deuda de sueño muy importante. Las herramientas de laboratorio, que no podrĂ­an dar informaciones interesantes sino sobre la base de una utilizaciĂłn continua, son muy difĂ­ciles de aplicar en este caso.En estas circunstancias, el recurrir a una “agenda de sueño interactivo", utilizada por el sujeto para contabilizar y administrar la distribuciĂłn y la duraciĂłn de sus periodos de sueño, parece ser una soluciĂłn individual para manejar la alternancia entre el sueño y la vigilia. Puede existir un lĂ­mite crĂ­tico de deuda de sueño debajo del cual se puede observar una frecuencia mĂĄs elevada de incidentes y accidentes. Este estudio preliminar serĂĄ proseguido por una observaciĂłn a mayor escala con el fin de poder validar la “agenda interactiva de sueño” como una herramienta tanto descriptiva como de aprendizaje

    Development of an interactive sleep diary as an individual fatigue management tool

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    L'objectif Ă©tait de dĂ©velopper un outil individuel de management de la fatigue. Cet outil, dĂ©nommĂ© ScextanÂź, a Ă©tĂ© conçu sous la forme d'une application informatique. Pour cela, plusieurs Ă©tapes de dĂ©veloppement et de validation ont Ă©tĂ© franchies. Dans un premier temps, nous avons choisi d'observer le sommeil des navigateurs Ă  la voile en solitaire qui doivent gĂ©rer une forte privation de sommeil. Les rĂ©sultats ont montrĂ© que ces marins sont soumis aux mĂȘmes principes de rĂ©gulation de sommeil que l'adulte sain. Nous avons retenu ces sujets comme population expĂ©rimentale. Dans un deuxiĂšme temps, nous avons validĂ© le logiciel ScextanÂź pour la mesure du rythme veille-sommeil qui s'est rĂ©vĂ©lĂ©e plus prĂ©cise qu'avec un agenda de sommeil manuscrit. Puis, nous avons Ă©valuĂ© la pertinence de l'implĂ©mentation d'un modĂšle de prĂ©diction mathĂ©matique de performances dans ScextanÂź. Chez des marins en course, le modĂšle a su prĂ©dire 70% de la variance des mesures. Dans un dernier temps, ScextanÂź a Ă©tĂ© proposĂ© aux skippers de la course transatlantique "Route du Rhum". Seul le vainqueur de la course a utilisĂ© de façon quasi systĂ©matique le logiciel ScextanÂź pour gĂ©rer son Ă©tat de forme. L'agenda de Sommeil Interactif ScextanÂź est toujours en cours de dĂ©veloppement, mais a dĂ©jĂ  dĂ©montrĂ© qu'il pouvait ĂȘtre un outil de recherche Ă  part entiĂšre, et qu'il tendrait rapidement Ă  devenir un outil pĂ©dagogique.The goal of the thesis was to develop an individual fatigue management tool called ScextanÂź and designed as a software application. The development of this system involved several research and validation steps. We first describe sleep patterns of single-handed sailors, who have to manage severe sleep deprivation. Results suggested that single-handed sailors are subject to the same principles of sleep regulation as healthy adults and we choose these subjects as our mains test population. In a second step, we developed and validated the ScextanÂź software application. Results revealed that ScextanÂź is more accurate than a paper-based sleep diary. The third study was to measure fatigue in single-handed ocean race and compare the results with a mathematical prediction model of performances, which was able to predict 67% of the measured fatigue. Lastly, skippers of the 2010 "Route du Rhum" single-handed transatlantic race were offered use of ScextanÂź. The race winner was the only sailor to use it intensively to manage and rationallyanticipate his state of alertness. Although ScextanÂź is still being improved, it has already proved itself to be a valuable research tool and is on the way to becoming an individual management tool

    L'agenda de sommeil intéractif comme outil individuel de management de la fatigue : Du sport de haut niveau à la santé publique

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    The goal of the thesis was to develop an individual fatigue management tool called ScextanÂź and designed as a software application. The development of this system involved several research and validation steps. We first describe sleep patterns of single-handed sailors, who have to manage severe sleep deprivation. Results suggested that single-handed sailors are subject to the same principles of sleep regulation as healthy adults and we choose these subjects as our mains test population. In a second step, we developed and validated the ScextanÂź software application. Results revealed that ScextanÂź is more accurate than a paper-based sleep diary. The third study was to measure fatigue in single-handed ocean race and compare the results with a mathematical prediction model of performances, which was able to predict 67% of the measured fatigue. Lastly, skippers of the 2010 "Route du Rhum" single-handed transatlantic race were offered use of ScextanÂź. The race winner was the only sailor to use it intensively to manage and rationallyanticipate his state of alertness. Although ScextanÂź is still being improved, it has already proved itself to be a valuable research tool and is on the way to becoming an individual management tool.L'objectif Ă©tait de dĂ©velopper un outil individuel de management de la fatigue. Cet outil, dĂ©nommĂ© ScextanÂź, a Ă©tĂ© conçu sous la forme d'une application informatique. Pour cela, plusieurs Ă©tapes de dĂ©veloppement et de validation ont Ă©tĂ© franchies. Dans un premier temps, nous avons choisi d'observer le sommeil des navigateurs Ă  la voile en solitaire qui doivent gĂ©rer une forte privation de sommeil. Les rĂ©sultats ont montrĂ© que ces marins sont soumis aux mĂȘmes principes de rĂ©gulation de sommeil que l'adulte sain. Nous avons retenu ces sujets comme population expĂ©rimentale. Dans un deuxiĂšme temps, nous avons validĂ© le logiciel ScextanÂź pour la mesure du rythme veille-sommeil qui s'est rĂ©vĂ©lĂ©e plus prĂ©cise qu'avec un agenda de sommeil manuscrit. Puis, nous avons Ă©valuĂ© la pertinence de l'implĂ©mentation d'un modĂšle de prĂ©diction mathĂ©matique de performances dans ScextanÂź. Chez des marins en course, le modĂšle a su prĂ©dire 70% de la variance des mesures. Dans un dernier temps, ScextanÂź a Ă©tĂ© proposĂ© aux skippers de la course transatlantique "Route du Rhum". Seul le vainqueur de la course a utilisĂ© de façon quasi systĂ©matique le logiciel ScextanÂź pour gĂ©rer son Ă©tat de forme. L'agenda de Sommeil Interactif ScextanÂź est toujours en cours de dĂ©veloppement, mais a dĂ©jĂ  dĂ©montrĂ© qu'il pouvait ĂȘtre un outil de recherche Ă  part entiĂšre, et qu'il tendrait rapidement Ă  devenir un outil pĂ©dagogique

    Health-related behavioral changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. A comparison between cohorts of French and Italian university students.

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    This cross-sectional observational study compares the health behaviors of university students in France and Italy, examining how their choices and lifestyles were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic with the aim of contributing to the development of adequate public health and higher education institutions interventions. The French cohort was investigated between January and February 2022, while the Italian cohort was examined between March and April 2022. In both contexts, data were collected through web surveys using institutional directories of university degree programs. Data were collected using standardized tools, validated and recovered in full or partial form. The tool used consisted of three specific sections (general experience, eating habits, physical activity), to which a fourth, dedicated to describing the sociographic picture of the respondents, was added. It was found that the pandemic mainly affected the mental health and sense of well-being of young people in both countries. The pandemic altered dietary habits (41.8% of the French subjects and 38.3% of the Italians declared an increasing of their food intake), alcohol consumption (9.0% of the Italian respondents and 4.0% of the French respondents reported an increased alcohol consumption), propensity to smoke (among the French 85.3% subjects remained non-smokers versus 65.3% of the Italian subjects), sleep quality (25.7% of Italian students 16.6% of French students experienced a decline in the quality of their sleep), and physical activity levels (the percentage of physically active French subjects rose to 72.4%, whereas among Italian students, it dropped to 68,4%). The results emphasize the need for the implementation of relational and psychological interventions, even digital, to face the consequences of social isolation and negative changes in everyday behaviors due to the restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic

    Condotte a rischio, questioni di genere e politiche pubbliche. Un’analisi comparativa internazionale

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    International audienceThe article presents the first results of a joint research between the University of Cassino and Southern Lazio and two French Universities, Lille and Littoral Cîte d’Opale, aimed at analyzing gender differences in relation to the risk behaviors of the 'student universe of two national contexts, the Italian and the French, and relations with the public and social policies of reference

    Effect of Aerobic Exercise Training on Sleep and Core Temperature in Middle-Aged Women with Chronic Insomnia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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    Background: Exercise represents a viable non-pharmacological intervention to help treating insomnia but the interaction mechanisms between sleep and physical activity still remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a aerobic exercise training intervention on sleep and core temperature. Methods: Twenty-four adult women suffering from insomnia participated in this study. They were randomized into an exercise group and a control group. Aerobic exercise training consisted in moderate to vigorous aerobic exercise training for 12 weeks. Outcome measures included both subjective (Insomnia Severity Index, ISI) and objective (actigraphy recordings) sleep quality assessments, and core body temperature continuously recorded for a minimum 24 h. Results: The exercise group showed a decrease in ISI (p p = 0.037) whereas its amplitude was larger (p = 0.002). We also found a tight correlation between the evolution of insomnia and the evolution of mean night-time core temperature and batyphase values. Conclusions: A moderate to vigorous aerobic exercise program appears to be an effective non-drug therapy for improving sleep in women with insomnia. In addition, exercise programs should aim to increase core body temperature during practice to induce sleep-promoting adaptations and rebound
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