Spinning Fluids in Relativistic Hydrodynamics

We study the well known propagation and constraint equations in General Relativity for the case where the matter source is an ideal Weyssenhoff fluid. Moreover we derive these equations for the Einstein-Cartan theory of gravitation for the same matter source. We discuss the different couplings of the matter content in detail in both theories and consider especially the behavior of the spin, angular and total angular momentum

Constitutive Theory in General Relativity and Einstein-Cartan Theory: Spin Balances, Energy-Momentum Balances and Weyssenhoff Fluid

It is shown, that the usually considered spin balances are too restrictive and only valid for pointlike particles. Furthermore, we will derive the full spin balance and discuss the Weyssenhoff-Fluid

Close-to-Fourier heat conduction equation of solids of constant mass density

Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.Heat conduction close-to-Fourier means that we look for a minimal extension of heat conduction theory using the usual Fourier expression of the heat flux density and modifying that of the internal energy as minimally as possible by choosing the minimal state space. Applying Liu's procedure results in the class of materials and a dierential equation both belonging to the close-to-Fourier case of heat conduction

Close-to-Fourier heat conduction equation for solids: motivation and symbolic-numerical analysis

Heat conduction close-to-Fourier means, that we look for a minimal extension of heat conduction theory using the usual Fourier expression of the heat flux density and modifying that of the internal energy as minimal as possible by choosing the minimal state space. Applying Liu's procedure results in the class of materials and a differential equation both belonging to the close-to-Fourier case of heat conduction. A symbolic-numerical computing method is applied to approximate the numerical solutions of 2 special heat conduction equations belonging to the close-to-Fourier class

Close-to-Fourier heat conduction equation for solids: Motivation and symbolic-numerical analysis

Heat conduction close-to-Fourier means, that we look for a minimal extension of heat conduction theory using the usual Fourier expression of the heat flux density and modifying that of the internal energy as minimal as possible by choosing the minimal state space. Applying Liu's procedure results in the class of materials and a differential equation both belonging to the close-to-Fourier case of heat conduction. A symbolic-numerical computing method is applied to approximate the numerical solutions of 2 special heat conduction equations belonging to the close-to-Fourier clas

Comprehensive Assessment of the Virulence Factors sub 3, sub 6 and mcpA in the Zoonotic Dermatophyte Trichophyton benhamiae Using FISH and qPCR

Skin infections by keratinophilic fungi are commonly referred to as dermatophytosis and represent a major health burden worldwide. Although patient numbers are on the rise, data on virulence factors, their function and kinetics are scarce. We employed an ex vivo infection model based on guinea pig skin explants (GPSE) for the zoonotic dermatophyte Trichophyton (T.) benhamiae to investigate kinetics of the virulence factors subtilisin (sub) 3, sub 6, metallocarboxypeptidase A (mcpA) and isocitrate lyase (isol) at gene level for ten days. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to detect and quantify the transcripts, respectively. Kingdom-spanning, species-specific and virulence factor-specific probes were successfully applied to isolated fungal elements showing inhomogeneous fluorescence signals along hyphae. Staining results for inoculated GPSE remained inconsistent despite thorough optimization. qPCR revealed a significant increase of sub 3- and mcpA-transcripts toward the end of culture, sub 6 and isol remained at a low level throughout the entire culture period. Sub 3 is tightly connected to the de novo formation of conidia during culture. Since sub 6 is considered an in vivo disease marker. However, the presented findings urgently call for further research on the role of certain virulence factors during infection and disease

Виробнича інтелігенція українського села: до проблеми формування (середина 1940-х – 1960-х рр.)

Paramyxoviruses constitute a large family of enveloped RNA viruses including important pathogens in veterinary and human medicine. Recently, feline paramyxoviruses, genus morbillivirus, were detected in cats from Hong Kong and Japan. Here we describe the discovery of several new feline paramyxoviruses. Infections with these diverse viruses were detected in urine samples from cats suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD). No viral RNA was found in cats without clinical signs of uropathy highlighting an association between feline paramyxovirus (FPaV) infections and CKD. Phylogenetic analyses of the detected viruses showed that they represent at least two different species, one of them representing the feline morbilliviruses detected previously in Hong Kong and Japan. In addition, a new FPaV was detected sharing only 73 % homology on the nucleotide level of the viral L-gene to currently known paramyxoviral species

Phoretic Motion of Spheroidal Particles Due To Self-Generated Solute Gradients

We study theoretically the phoretic motion of a spheroidal particle, which generates solute gradients in the surrounding unbounded solvent via chemical reactions active on its surface in a cap-like region centered at one of the poles of the particle. We derive, within the constraints of the mapping to classical diffusio-phoresis, an analytical expression for the phoretic velocity of such an object. This allows us to analyze in detail the dependence of the velocity on the aspect ratio of the polar and the equatorial diameters of the particle and on the fraction of the particle surface contributing to the chemical reaction. The particular cases of a sphere and of an approximation for a needle-like particle, which are the most common shapes employed in experimental realizations of such self-propelled objects, are obtained from the general solution in the limits that the aspect ratio approaches one or becomes very large, respectively.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures, to appear in European Physical Journal