Efeito dos Antivirais de Ação Direta nos parâmetros bioquímicos da Síndrome Metabólica em pessoas com hepatite C

Na fase crônica da hepatite C pode ocorrer manifestações extra-hepáticas, como doenças cardiometabólicas, que estão entre as principais causas de morte por doenças crônicas não transmissíveis no mundo. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de Síndrome Metabólica (SM) e as características de uma coorte de pacientes com hepatite C de Uruguaiana/RS e prever o efeito dos Antivirais de Ação Direta nos parâmetros bioquímicos da SM. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de Coorte Retrospectiva, em que as variáveis sociodemográficas, antropométricas, pressóricas e bioquímicas foram coletadas a partir de prontuários. Foi utilizado os critérios da International Diabetes Federation para a classificação da SM.  A análise estatística envolveu os testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, teste t de Student e qui-quadrado de Pearson, regressão logística binária. Resultados: Foi possível verificar alta prevalência de SM na maioria dos pacientes e traçar um perfil dos indivíduos. O tratamento composto por Sofosbuvir e Daclatasvir não influenciou na glicemia e HDL-c, mas apresentou menores chances de hipertrigliceridemia após o tratamento. Considerações finais: Os resultados demonstram relevância e permitem criar metas eficazes de cuidado aos pacientes com hepatite C e comorbidades. O desenvolvimento de ações de prevenção, planejamento e estratégias econômicas influenciam positivamente no bem-estar dos pacientes e na alocação de recursos públicos, reduzindo os custos com essas doenças

AVALIAÇÃO DOS EFEITOS ANTI-GENOTÓXICOS DE Phyllanthus niruri (EUPHORBIACEAE) EM LEUCÓCITOS HUMANOS EXPOSTOS A AGENTE AGRESSOR

Em muitos lugares ao redor do mundo as plantas medicinais ou parte delas são usadas de forma paliativa ou curativa para o tratamento de diversas enfermidades, devido a dificuldade ao acesso a tratamentos convencionais. Nesse contexto, preparações a base de Phyllanthus niruri, que é popularmente conhecida como “Quebra-Pedra” ou “Erva-Pombinha” tem sido muito usadas no tratamento de diversas enfermidades como hipertensão, diabetes, cálculos renais, entre outros. O presente estudo visou avaliar a capacidade anti-genotóxica do extrato hidroalcoólico de Phyllanthus niruri, através da análise fitoquímica e dosagem de compostos, avaliação de parâmetros genotoxicológicos e  oxidativos. Os resultados mostram que o Phyllanthus niruri possui uma grande quantidade de compostos antioxidantes, tendo estes ação na proteção em nível de DNA, onde o extrato mostrou-se capaz de aumentar a viabilidade celular e de parâmetro oxidativos, mostrando ser capaz de diminuir a peroxidação lipídica.Descritores: Phyllanthus niruri; Cultura Celular; Leucócitos; Genotoxicidad

Immunotoxicological Evaluation of Schinus molle L. (Anacardiaceae) Essential Oil in Lymphocytes and Macrophages

Schinus molle L. is used to treat various diseases; however, the literature lacks information regarding its possible immunotoxic effects. The aim of the study was to investigate the immunotoxic effects of essential oil from leaves of Schinus molle L. in cultures of human lymphocytes and macrophages. The cultures were treated with essential oil (EO) of Schinus molle L. and subsequently subjected to genotoxic analysis (comet assay), mutagenic analysis (micronucleus frequency and chromosomal aberration), and cytotoxic (cell viability) and functional parameters (interleukins secretions). Our analyses have determined that the essential oil from leaves of Schinus molle L. presents several compounds with α-pinene being the major compound; in addition, the compound verbenene was firstly identified; genotoxic effects were detected only in macrophages and only at the two highest concentrations tested. An important finding is that Schinus molle L. oil causes an activation of the immune system. This action has its mechanism centered by the cascade nitric oxide-interleukin-10-tumor necrosis factor alpha

Beachgoer perceptions on health regulations of COVID-19 in two popular beaches on the Brazilian Amazon

The sandy beaches of the Brazilian Amazon coast have enormous touristic potential and attract thousands of visitors each year, principally in July, at the beginning of the summer vacation period. In 2020, beach going was affected worldwide by the Covid-19 pandemic, but how did the pandemic affect recreational beach use on the Amazon coast in the Brazilian state of Pará? Given this, the objective of this work is to identify public perception in compliance with health safety established by authorities due to COVID-19 pandemic in two popular beaches on the Brazilian Amazon. Recreational patterns on the beaches of this region were analyzed from the user's perspective in July, through semi-structured interviews and direct observations. Recreational activities were prohibited on the beaches located within protected areas. At other locations, however, including Ajuruteua and Atalaia, the beaches were reopened on July 1 st, and both sites received thousands of visitors in July, despite the fact that interviewees believed the pandemic to be dangerous, and considered the situation in Pará state to be at least as bad or worse than in previous months. Agglomerations were verified on both study beaches and social distancing and other protective measures were limited. The increase in the new cases recorded in August was due to the relaxation of restrictions on social, recreational, and economic activities by the local authorities in July 2020, including the reopening of public access to beaches. As Pará state has been hard-hit by the pandemic, prohibitions on recreational beach use should clearly not have been lifted during this period. A number of management measures were presented in this study. These measures should contribute to the prevention of the spread of the virus during the upcoming public holidays, as long as the pandemic continues.This study was financed by CNPq, through a Universal project (431295/2016-6). Pereira LCC (309491/2018-5) and Costa (311782/2017-5) would also like to thank CNPq for research grants. We are also indebted to Stephen Ferrari for his careful revision of the English text.Peer ReviewedObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::3 - Salut i BenestarPostprint (author's final draft