EL PROYECTO DE LA CASA DE LUDWIG WITTGENSTEIN EN SKJOLDEN, NORUEGA

[EN] In 1914, the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) designed and started to build a wooden house on the steep hillside of Lake Eidsvatnet in Skjolden, Norway. In this small village, Wittgenstein had found the required peace to work on logic. But their plans to settle in Norway were cut short by the outbreak of World War I and he only occupied the house in some visits throughout his life, the last of them only five months before his death in Cambridge. Nevertheless, the House of Skjolden was central to Wittgenstein's thinking development and the only place he really felt capable of working. To date, the relationship between Wittgenstein and architecture was limited to the 1929's house of Vienna for his sister Margaret, built in collaboration with the architect Paul Engelmann. This thesis develops for the first time the project of the only one house that the philosopher thought and built for himself, certifies its ethical commitment to architecture, reclassified as Loos did vernacular architecture and presents elements that anticipate solutions that he would apply in the house of Vienna.[ES] En 1914, el filósofo Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) proyectó e inició la construcción de una casa de madera en la escarpada ladera del lago Eidsvatnet en Skjolden, Noruega. En esa pequeña villa, Wittgenstein había encontrado la tranquilidad necesaria para trabajar en lógica. Sin embargo sus planes de instalarse en Noruega se vieron truncados por el estallido de la Primera Guerra Mundial y sólo ocupó la casa en algunas visitas a lo largo de su vida, la última de ellas cinco meses antes de morir en Cambridge. Pese a ello, la casa de Skjolden fue central en el desarrollo del pensamiento de Wittgenstein y el único lugar en el que de verdad se sintió capaz de trabajar. Hasta hoy, la relación entre Wittgenstein y la arquitectura se había limitado a la casa de Viena que construyó para su hermana Margaret en 1929 en colaboración con el arquitecto Paul Engelmann. Esta tesis desarrolla por primera vez el proyecto de la única casa que el filósofo pensó y construyó para sí mismo, certifica su compromiso ético con la arquitectura, recalifica como hiciera Loos, la arquitectura vernácula y plantea elementos que anticipan soluciones que aplicaría años más tarde en la casa de Viena.[CA] En 1914, el filòsof Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) va projectar i va iniciar la construcció d'una casa de fusta a l'escarpada vessant del llac Eidsvatnet a Skjolden, Noruega. En aquest xicotet poble, Wittgenstein havia trobat la tranquil·litat necessària per treballar en lògica. No obstant això, els seus plans d'instal·lar-se a Noruega es van veure truncats per l'esclat de la Primera Guerra Mundial i només va ocupar la casa en algunes visites al llarg de la seva vida, l'última només cinc mesos abans de morir a Cambridge. Malgrat això, la casa de Skjolden va ser central en el desenvolupament del pensament de Wittgenstein i l'únic lloc en què de veritat es va sentir capaç de treballar. Fins avui, la relació entre Wittgenstein i l'arquitectura s'havia limitat a la casa de Viena que va construir el 1929 junt a l'arquitecte Paul Engelmann per a la seua germana Margaret. Aquesta tesi desenvolupa per primera vegada el projecte de l'única casa que el filòsof va pensar i va construir per a si mateix, certifica el seu compromís ètic amb l'arquitectura, requalifica, com va fer Loos, l'arquitectura vernacla i planteja elements que anticipen solucions que aplicaria més endavant a la casa de Viena.Clemente Quintana, E. (2015). EL PROYECTO DE LA CASA DE LUDWIG WITTGENSTEIN EN SKJOLDEN, NORUEGA [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/56462TESI

Artistic plastic tendencies of drug addict users in an Art therapy programme in a penitenciary context

El consumo de sustancias estupefacientes tiene repercusiones físicas, cognitivas y emocionales de diversa índole en los consumidores privados de libertad. En este contexto la arteterapia puede jugar un papel terapéutico muy valioso. El objetivo principal de esta investigación se centra en determinar si existe relación entre el resultado plástico y las características individuales y sociales del interno (adicción y delito) con el fin de poder establecer perfiles arteterapéuticos. Se ha implementado una metodología basada en un estudio analítico. La muestra ha estado constituida por 23 internos y 269 dibujos realizados dentro de un programa de arteterapia. Los resultados de este trabajo muestran la existencia de tendencias plásticas, reacciones, recursos y herramientas que se repiten en diferentes usuarios con características similares y que pueden ayudar elaborar estrategias para grupos de trabajo homogéneos en un programa de arteterapia.The consumption of narcotic substances has physical, cognitive and emotional consequences of a diverse nature on consumers deprived of liberty. In this context, art therapy can play a very valuable therapeutic role. The main objective of this research is to determine whether a relationship exists between the plastic result and the individual and social characteristics of the inmate (addiction and crime) in order to establish art therapy profiles. A methodology based on an analytical study has been implemented. The sample has been made up of 23 inmates and 269 drawings of art works made by them within an art therapy programme. The results of this work show the existence of plastic trends, reactions, resources and tools that are repeated in different users with similar characteristics and that can help to develop strategies for homogeneous work groups in an art therapy programme

Nociones generales de funciones. Una propuesta para 4º educación secundaria obligatoria

Las funciones son uno de los objetos matemáticos que más importancia han cobrado a lo largo de la historia. Sirven para modelizar comportamientos y dependencias entre magnitudes y su estudio supone una de las grandes ramas de las matemáticas, el análisis. En este trabajo se estudia como introducir este objeto y sus características generales en el curso de 4º de ESO. Para ello primero se hablará del estado de la enseñanza analizando como se trata el tema “funciones y gráficas” en tres libros de texto de matemáticas. Después se presentara una propuesta didáctica para llevar al aula en la que sea el alumno quien, a través de la resolución de problemas, vaya trabajando las distintas herramientas propias del análisis de gráficas y funciones como el estudio de la continuidad, la monotonía, los extremos, las funciones definidas a trozos y la tasa de variación media. Esta propuesta busca dar una razón de ser a los objetos y conceptos matemáticos a la vez que cuida la manera de presentarlos, de forma que facilite el paso a unas matemáticas más avanzadas y un estudio más riguroso en bachiller.<br /

X-38 Advanced Sublimator

A document discusses a heat rejection device for transferring heat from a space vehicle by venting water into space through the use of a novel, two-stage water distribution system. The system consists of two different, porous media that stop water-borne contaminants from clogging the system and causing operational failures. Feedwater passes through a small nozzle, then into a porous disk made of sintered stainless steel, and then finally into large-pore aluminum foam. The smaller pore layer of the steel disk controls the pressure drop of the feedwater. The ice forms in the foam layer, and then sublimates, leaving any contaminants behind. The pore-size of the foam is two orders of magnitude larger than the current porous plate sublimators, allowing for a greater tolerance for contaminants. Using metallic fibers in the foam also negates problems with compression seen in the use of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) felt

Heat rejection sublimator

A sublimator includes a sublimation plate having a thermal element disposed adjacent to a feed water channel and a control point disposed between at least a portion of the thermal element and a large pore substrate. The control point includes a sintered metal material. A method of dissipating heat using a sublimator includes a sublimation plate having a thermal element and a control point. The thermal element is disposed adjacent to a feed water channel and the control point is disposed between at least a portion of the thermal element and a large pore substrate. The method includes controlling a flow rate of feed water to the large pore substrate at the control point and supplying heated coolant to the thermal element. Sublimation occurs in the large pore substrate and the controlling of the flow rate of feed water is independent of time. A sublimator includes a sublimation plate having a thermal element disposed adjacent to a feed water channel and a control point disposed between at least a portion of the thermal element and a large pore substrate. The control point restricts a flow rate of feed water from the feed water channel to the large pore substrate independent of time

Online programming system for robotic fillet welding in Industry 4.0

Purpose Fillet welding is one of the most widespread types of welding in the industry, which is still carried out manually or automated by contact. This paper aims to describe an online programming system for noncontact fillet welding robots with "U"- and "L"-shaped structures, which responds to the needs of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors propose an online robot programming methodology that eliminates unnecessary steps traditionally performed in robotic welding, so that the operator only performs three steps to complete the welding task. First, choose the piece to weld. Then, enter the welding parameters. Finally, it sends the automatically generated program to the robot. Findings The system finally managed to perform the fillet welding task with the proposed method in a more efficient preparation time than the compared methods. For this, a reduced number of components was used compared to other systems: a structured light 3 D camera, two computers and a concentrator, in addition to the six-axis industrial robotic arm. The operating complexity of the system has been reduced as much as possible. Practical implications To the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no scientific or commercial evidence of an online robot programming system capable of performing a fillet welding process, simplifying the process so that it is completely transparent for the operator and framed in the Industry 4.0 paradigm. Its commercial potential lies mainly in its simple and low-cost implementation in a flexible system capable of adapting to any industrial fillet welding job and to any support that can accommodate it. Originality/value In this study, a robotic robust system is achieved, aligned to Industry 4.0, with a friendly, intuitive and simple interface for an operator who does not need to have knowledge of industrial robotics, allowing him to perform a fillet welding saving time and increasing productivity

Clozapine and paliperidone palmitate antipsychotic combination in treatment-resistant schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders: A retrospective 6-month mirror-image study

Background: Around 30% of patients with schizophrenia are considered treatment resistant (TRS). Only around 40% of TRS patients respond to clozapine. Long acting injectable antipsychotics could be a useful augmentation strategy for nonresponders. Methods: We conducted a multicenter, observational, naturalistic, retrospective, 6-month mirror-image study to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of clozapine and paliperidone palmitate association in 50 patients with TRS and other psychotic disorders. Clinical outcomes and side effects were systematically assessed. Results: Six months after starting the combined treatment, participants showed a significant relief of symptoms, decreasing the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale total score from 18.32 ± 7.71 to 7.84 ± 5.16 (p < 0.001). The number of hospitalizations, the length of hospital stays and the number of visits to emergency services also decreased, while an increase of the functionality was observed (Personal and Social Performance total score increased from 46.06 ± 118.7 to 60.86 ± 18.68, p < 0.001). There was also a significant decrease in the number and severity of side effects with the combination therapy, decreasing the Udvalg for Kliniske Undersogelser total score from 10.76 ± 8.04 to 8.82 ± 6.63 (p = 0.004). Conclusions: This study provides the first evidence that combining clozapine with paliperidone palmitate in patients with TRS and other psychotic disorders could be effective and safe, suggesting further research with randomized controlled trials of augmentation strategies for clozapine nonresponder patients. Policy Significance Statement: Patients with psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia show a variable response to antipsychotic treatments. Around 30% of patients are considered treatment resistant, indicated by insufficient symptom control to at least two different drugs. In these resistant cases, clozapine should be indicated, as it has shown to be superior to other options. However, only 40% of patients respond to clozapine, being necessary to establish which treatments could best potentiate clozapine action. Combining clozapine with long acting injectable antipsychotics, and particularly paliperidone palmitate, could be a useful strategy. We conducted a multicenter study of 50 patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders comparing the efficacy and tolerability in the 6 month-period prior and after starting the clozapine and paliperidone palmitate association. Our study suggests that this combination could be effective and safer, laying the groundwork for future clinical trials with this combination

Repair of Mitral Prolapse: Comparison of Thoracoscopic Minimally-invasive and Conventional Approaches

Objectives: Surgical repair remains the best treatment for severe primary mitral regurgitation (MR). Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery is being increasingly performed, but there is a lack of solid evidence comparing thoracoscopic with conventional surgery. Our objective was to compare outcomes of both approaches for repair of leaflet prolapse. Methods: All consecutive patients undergoing surgery for severe MR due to mitral prolapse from 2012 to 2020 were evaluated according to the approach used. Freedom from mortality, reoperation and recurrent severe MR were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method. Differences in baseline characteristics were adjusted with propensity score-matched analysis (1:1, nearest neighbour). Results: Three hundred patients met inclusion criteria and were divided into thoracoscopic (N = 188) and conventional (sternotomy; N = 112) groups. Unmatched patients in the thoracoscopic group were younger and had lower body mass index, New York Heart Association class and EuroSCORE II preoperatively. After matching, thoracoscopic group presented significantly shorter mechanical ventilation (9 vs 15 h), shorter intensive care unit stay (41 vs 65 h) and higher postoperative haemoglobin levels (11 vs 10.2 mg/dl) despite longer bypass and cross-clamp times (+30 and +17 min). There were no differences in mortality or MR grade at discharge between groups nor differences in survival, repair failures and reinterventions during follow-up. Conclusions: Minimally invasive mitral repair can be performed in the majority of patients with mitral prolapse, without compromising outcomes, repair rate or durability, while providing shorter mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit stay and less blood loss

Detección de PVY y PLRV por RT-qPCR en tubérculos de papa, como estudio de una alternativa de diagnóstico en la certificación de papa semilla

El cultivo de papa es afectado por virus que disminuyen rendimiento o calidad de tubérculospara simiente o uso industrial. Por eso, INASE incluye los virus PVY, PVX, PLRV y PVS en lafiscalización de tubérculos simiente. Como inicio de un proyecto que incluye los cuatro virus, seevaluaron los primers PVY182 (Agindotan et al., 2007), PLRV336 (Bostan y Peker, 2009) yPLRV390 (Peiman y Xie, 2006) para detectar PVY y PLRV. De plantas de 40 días obtenidasdesde papas infectadas con PVY o PLRV (y desde papas sanas) se extrajo ARN con protocoloTrizol®, se realizó retrotranscripción con enzima MMLV de Invitrogen® y amplificación por RTqPCR con intercalante Evagreen de un control interno de ARN vegetal. Se realizaron ademásgradientes de temperatura para optimizar el uso de los primers. En la detección de PVY se logróamplificar el producto de peso molecular esperado (182 pb) y se confirmó su identidad porsecuenciación Sanger y análisis bioinformático (BLAST). No se obtuvieron aún los productos deamplificación esperados con PLRV336 y 390 con el material infectado con PLRV analizadohasta el momento, por lo que se repetirán pruebas con nuevos tubérculos. Se ha planificadoademás utilizar los mismos modelos experimentales para evaluar primers para PVX y PVS.Estos primeros estudios, con resultados promisorios para PVY, validarán una tecnología de altasensibilidad y especificidad adoptable a futuro para certificar tubérculos simiente de papa.Fil: Giustina, S.. Fares Taie Instituto de Análisis; ArgentinaFil: Fares Taie, H.. Fares Taie Instituto de Análisis; ArgentinaFil: Rosso, C.. Clonar S.A.; ArgentinaFil: Perotto, Maria Cecilia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Clemente, G.. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Medici, Sandra Karina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Produccion, Sanidad y Ambiente. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Produccion, Sanidad y Ambiente.; ArgentinaFil: Quintana, Silvina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Produccion, Sanidad y Ambiente. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Produccion, Sanidad y Ambiente.; Argentina5to Congreso Argentino de Fitopatología y 59º Reunión APS División CaribeCorrientesArgentinaAsociación Argentina de Fitopatólogo

Támara: seguimiento y diagnostico de un monumento

San Hipólito in Támara, an important example of Spanish 13th century gothic, came to an overall state of deterioration in its main structural, building and artistic elements which reflect the low degree of following, documentation and maintenance of Spanish historical patrimony. A continuous preservation, using the most advanced technologies, and a deep know ledge of the building's past related to its pathology are needed to improve the techniques and innovations neccesary to keep alive the architecture of our past. The "Támara method" has met a great number of specialists in diverse areas, joining efforts and putting side by side the most advanced building technologies and the oldest handicraft traditions to restore the church of San Hipólito its yesterday grandeur.San Hipólito de Támara, importante ejemplo de nuestro gótico trecentista, llegó a un estado de deterioro generalizado en sus principales elementos estructurales, constructivos y artísticos que reflejan el bajo nivel de seguimiento, documentación y mantenimiento en que se encuentra nuestro Patrimonio histórico monumental. La conservación permanente, la aportación de las tecnologías más avanzadas y el profundo conocimiento del pasado del edificio en cuanto a sus patologías, son aspectos indispensables para conseguir avanzar en las técnicas e innovaciones necesarias que nos permitan mantener viva la arquitectura de nuestro pasado. "El Método de Támara" ha reunido a un número amplio y variado de especialistas, aunando esfuerzos y compaginando las más avanzadas tecnologías constructivas con las más viejas tradiciones artesanales, para devolver a la iglesia de San Hipólito su esplendor de antaño