Determinantes de grupos rurales pobres en areas de desarrollo urbano-rural involucradas en el PNSP para la Septima Region

111 p.La región del Maule presenta características de pobreza muy altas según Casen 1996, ubicándola como la tercera región mas pobre. Por lo mismo surgen preguntas ¿porque es tan pobre?, ¿cuales son las causas ? y ¿como superarlas?. El presente estudio considera una pobreza particular como es la pobreza Rural que se caracteriza principalmente por ser mas severa y dura que la urbana (World Bank 1994). El objetivo de esta investigación es plantear modelos econométricos para explicar el comportamiento de la pobreza rural en la Región del Maule con información proveniente de la encuesta Mideplan 1995, se analizaron los principales factores de las áreas de pobreza rural del Secano Costero y Depresión Intermedia identificados por el Programa Nacional de Superación de la Pobreza. La metodología utilizada se baso en los principales métodos de medición de la pobreza y en la econometrÍa que permitió aplicar estadística matemática a los datos generados por la encuesta Mideplan 1995. Los principales resultados fueron la identificación de novedosas variables significativas que explicaron la pobreza en áreas Secano Costero y Depresión Intermedia, además de generar caracterización socioeconómica de los hogares; no pobres, pobres no indigentes e indigentes. La conclusión de la investigación es orientar y coordinar las futuras estrategias de superación de la pobreza en la Región, impulsando estudios en las zonas a priorizar

Rainbow Trout diets and macroinvertebrates assemblages responses from watersheds dominated by native and exotic plantations

Over the past few decades, land-use changes through conversion of global forest cover to exotic plantations is contributing to both habitat and biodiversity loss and species extinctions. To better understand human influences on ecosystem, we use diet composition from introduced Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss as indicator of potential changes in the composition of stream-macroinvertebrates due to land use changes from native to exotic vegetation (eucalyptus plantations) in southern Chile. Water quality variables, aquatic macroinvertebrates and Rainbow Trout diet were studied in 12 sites from mountain streams located in two watersheds including one dominated by native riparian vegetation and the other dominated by exotic vegetation. As expected, richness and abundance of macroinvertebrates were clearly higher at sites in native forest than in those with exotic vegetation. Collector-gatherer was the most abundant functional feeding group, but there was no statistical difference in the functional composition between the two watersheds. Differences in in-stream macroinvertebrate availability was more higher correlated with changes in Rainbow Trout diets. Specifically, taxa consumed from the watershed dominated by native forests was higher than from the watershed with exotic vegetation. Additional environmental variables showed statistical differences between watersheds. The exotic vegetation sites had the highest concentrations of dissolved solids, suspended solids, nitrates, chlorides and sulphates. Our findings show that macroinvertebrate assemblage structure and trout diets can be altered by changes in riparian vegetation. The absence of specific macroinvertebrate taxa in streams with exotic vegetation was captured by the composition of trout diets. This suggest that Rainbow Trout diets can be a good biological indicator of land use practices and thus, diet can be used as a rapid and effective tool for evaluate environmental quality. Our findings provide insights about the design of aquatic monitoring programmes to improve detection of anthropogenic impacts in streams in South America and elsewhere. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Long-term safety and efficacy of benralizumab in patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma: 1-year results from the BORA phase 3 extension trial

International audienc