Description of an mHealth tool for breastfeeding support: LactApp. Analysis of how lactating mothers seek support at critical breastfeeding points and according to their infant’s age

Interventions in mHealth have hadpositive effectsonestablishing and maintaining breastfeeding,but we still donot know what content women consult when downloading a mobile breastfeeding application. We conducted an observational, descriptive and retrospective study using the data recorded by LactApp in 2019. The most frequently consulted topics were those related to breastfeeding technique, infantsleep, human milkmanagementand storage, breastfeeding myths, breastfeeding stages, complementary feeding, infantcare or returning to work.Ourstudy results also suggest that LactApp’s support seems to developwith mothers’ needs according to theirinfant’sdevelopment stage. The first breastfeeding days include more physiological answers. Between 15 days and 3 months,mothers look for support in topics like breastfeedingcrisis/complications andreturning to work. At 3 months to 1year,answers are related to complementary feeding and weaning. When the user’s infantis 1 year of age, mothersseek support forweaning,weaning managementand tandem breastfeeding

Spanish version of the mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ) and adaptation to breastfeeding support apps

Introduction Mobile applications (apps) are increasingly used during pregnancy, postpartum and lactation. To ensure the utility and usability of breastfeeding support apps, they need to be evaluated using a reliable scale specific to mHealth apps and breastfeeding users. Objective To translate the original the mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ) questionnaire into Spanish and to adapt it to breastfeeding support apps environment. Materials and Methods The questionnaire was translated by one high English proficiency translator and was back translated. The items of the questionnaire were modified for Spanish readers and for breastfeeding users. The modified questionnaire was assessed for content validity with a panel of 5 experts and 12 users and the modified kappa statistic was used to determine the interrater agreement among the raters. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed in a mobile application for breastfeeding support (LactApp) by 202 users. The structure of the questionnaire was validated using exploratory factor analysis. Results All items of the questionnaire were relevant, clear or comprehensible with content validity index values higher than 0.79. The modified kappa agreement for each item of the modified MAUQ (m-MAUQ) proved an excellent agreement (κ = 0.9–1.0). Factor analysis of the m-MAUQ showed four subscales. The internal consistency of the complete questionnaire was high (Cronbach α = 0.89). Conclusions The Spanish and modified MAUQ demonstrated high reliability and validity and it might be used to evaluate the usability, utility and acceptability of mHealth apps aiming to support lactating women

Use of metabolomics and lipidomics to evaluate the hypocholestreolemic effect of Proanthocyanidins from grape seed in a pig model.

Scope:This work aims to evaluate changes in the fecal metabolomic profile due to grapeseed extract (GSE) intake by untargeted and targeted analysis using high resolution massspectrometry in conjunction with multivariate statistics.Methods and results:An intervention study with six crossbred female pigs was performed. Thepigs followed a standard diet for 3 days, then they were fed with a supplemented diet containing1% (w/w) of MegaNaturalR©Gold grape seed extract for 6 days. Fresh pig fecal samples werecollected daily. A combination of untargeted high resolution mass spectrometry, multivariateanalysis (PLS-DA), data-dependent MS/MS scan, and accurate mass database matching wasused to measure the effect of the treatment on fecal composition. The resultant PLS-DAmodels showed a good discrimination among classes with great robustness and predictability.A total of 14 metabolites related to the GSE consumption were identified including biliary acid,dicarboxylic fatty acid, cholesterol metabolites, purine metabolites, and eicosanoid metabolitesamong others. Moreover, targeted metabolomics using GC-MS showed that cholesterol andits metabolites fecal excretion was increased due to the proanthocyanidins from grape seedextract.Conclusion:The results show that oligomeric procyanidins from GSE modifies bile acid andsteroid excretion, which could exert a hypocholesterolemic effect

Phenolic profiling of the skin, pulp and seeds of Albariño grapes using hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight and triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry

This paper describes for the first time a complete characterisation of the phenolic compounds in different anatomical parts of the Albariño grape. The application of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with two complementary techniques, hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight and triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry, allowed the phenolic composition of the Albariño grape to be unambiguously identified and quantified. A more complete phenolic profile was obtained by product ion and precursor ion scans, while a neutral loss scan at 152 u enabled a fast screening of procyanidin dimers, trimers and their galloylated derivatives. The compounds were confirmed by accurate mass measurements in QqToF-MS and QqToF-MS/MS modes at high resolution, and good fits were obtained for all investigated ions, with errors ranging from 0.2 to 4.5 mDa. To the best of our knowledge, two flavanol monomer hexosides were detected in the grape berry for the first time

Increase of 4-Hydroxybenzoic, a Bioactive Phenolic Compound, after an Organic Intervention Diet

Consumption of organic products is increasing yearly due to perceived health-promoting qualities. Several studies have shown higher amounts of phytochemicals such as polyphenols and carotenoids in foods produced by this type of agriculture than in conventional foods, but whether this increase has an impact on humans still needs to be assessed. A randomized, controlled and crossover study was carried out in nineteen healthy subjects aged 18-40 years, who all followed an organic and conventional healthy diet, both for a 4-week period. Analysis of biological samples revealed a significant increase on the excretion of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA), a phenolic metabolite with biological activity, after the organic intervention. However, no changes were observed in the other variables analyzed. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

A comprehensive characterisation of beer polyphenols by high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS)

Beer is the second most consumed alcoholic beverage in Europe and shown by the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort study to be the main food contributor to hydroxybenzoic acid intake. About 70-80% of the total polyphenol content in beer comes from malt, and the remaining 30-20% from hops. In this work, liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization hybrid linear ion trap quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry technique has been used for an accurate identification of beer polyphenols. 47 phenolic compounds were identified using high mass accuracy and confirmed by MS(2) experiments, including simple phenolic acids, hydroxycinnamoylquinics, flavanols, flavonols, flavones, alkylmethoxyphenols, alpha- and iso-alpha-acids, hydroxyphenylacetic acids and prenylflavonoids. As far as we know, 7 of these compounds have been recognised in beer for the first time: feruloylquinic acid, caffeic acid-O-hexoside, coumaric acid-O-hexoside, sinapic acid-O-hexoside, catechin-O-dihexoside, kaempferol-O-hexoside, and apigenin-C-hexoside-pentoside

Using Extra Virgin Olive Oil to Cook Vegetables Enhances Polyphenol and Carotenoid Extractability: A Study Applying the sofrito Technique

Olive oil is the main source of fat in the Mediterranean diet and the most frequently used ingredient in Mediterranean cuisine. Cooking with olive oil has been attracting attention because it can act as a food excipient, thereby increasing the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of ingested bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to understand the effect of cooking with olive oil on the bioactive components in other ingredients (tomato, onion, and garlic) of sofrito sauce, a representative model of Mediterranean cuisine. After the cooking process, polyphenols from tomato, onion, and garlic were detected in the olive oil, especially naringenin, ferulic acid, and quercetin, as well as a high content of carotenoid Z-isomers, which are more bioavailable than the E-isomers. Therefore, traditional Mediterranean cuisine could play an important role in the health-improving effects of the Mediterranean diet. Keywords: carotenoid isomerization; garlic; lycopene; matrix effect; naringenin; onion; phenolic compounds; tomato

Synergism effect of home cooking and ingredients enhance tomato polyphenols in Mediterranean sofrito

Podeu consultar el III Workshop anual INSA-UB complet a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/118993Sessió 2. Pòster núm. 1

Evaluation of the potential of total proanthocyanidin content in feces as an intake biomarker.

Due to the health benefits associated with proanthocyanidins (PAs), it is useful to identify dietary PA biomarkers that can be determined by simple methods. Since increased levels of circulating PA metabolites are associated with increased fecal PA content, this study explores the spectrophotometric measurement of fecal PA content and its use as a biomarker of PA intake. To this end, fecal PA content was measured using an adaptation of Porter’s spectrophotometric method in samples from a preclinical study and an observational study. In the former, excretion of 250–400 mg PA polymer equivalents/100 g feces was observed during supplementation and the day after, together with a significant association (p < 0.05) between PA intake and the excretion of both intact PAs and some PA metabolites, i.e., (+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin and syringic acid. No relationship between intake and excretion was found in the observational study, either for the entire group (mean excretion of 240 ± 226 mg PA polymer equivalents/100 g feces) or after stratification into tertiles of consumption. In conclusion, the spectrophotometric determination of total PA content in feces proved to be a valid compliance marker in a preclinical study, but it was not associated with PA intake in free-living subjects. The potential of total PA excretion in observational studies, determined in fecal samples collected the day before dietary recall or in several fecal samples from the same subject, remains to be elucidated, as does a complete validation of the method proposed here.post-print552 K

Effects of Organic and Conventional Growing Systems on the Phenolic Profile of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil

Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) is largely appreciated for its proven nutritional properties. Additionally, organic foods are perceived as healthier by consumers. In this context, the aim of the present study was to compare the phenolic profiles of EVOO from olives of the Hojiblanca variety, cultivated under organic and conventional systems. The quantification and identification of individual polyphenols was carried out by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in tandem mode (LC-MS/MS). Significantly higher levels (p < 0.05) of phenolic compounds were found in organic EVOOs. The methodology used was able to detect previously unreported differences in bioactive components between organic and conventional EVOOs