The active living gender's gap challenge: 2013-2017 Eurobarometers physical inactivity data show constant higher prevalence in women with no progress towards global reduction goals

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization (WHO) considers physical inactivity (PIA) as a critical noncommunicable factor for disease and mortality, affecting more women than men. In 2013, the WHO set a 10% reduction of the PIA prevalence, with the goal to be reached by 2025. Changes in the 2013-2017 period of physical inactivity prevalence in the 28 European Union (EU) countries were evaluated to track the progress in achieving WHO 2025 target. METHODS: In 2013 and 2017 EU Special Eurobarometers, the physical activity levels reported by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire of 53,607 adults were analyzed. Data were considered as a whole sample and country-by-country. A χ2 test was used to analyze the physical inactivity prevalence (%) between countries, analyzing women and men together and separately. Additionally, PIA prevalence was analyzed between years (2013-2017) for the overall EU sample and within-country using a Z-Score for two population proportions. RESULTS: The PIA prevalence increased between 2013 and 2017 for the overall EU sample (p <  0.001), and for women (p = 0.04) and men (p < 0.001) separately. Data showed a higher PIA prevalence in women versus men during both years (p <  0.001). When separately considering changes in PIA by gender, only Belgium's women and Luxembourg's men showed a reduction in PIA prevalence. Increases in PIA prevalence over time were observed in women from Austria, Croatia, Germany, Lithuania, Malta, Portugal, Romania, and Slovakia and in men from Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Germany, Italy, Lithuania, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, and Spain. CONCLUSIONS: PIA prevalence showed an overall increase across the EU and for both women and men between 2013 and 2017, with higher rates of PIA reported for women versus men during both years. PIA prevalence was reduced in only Belgium's women and Luxembourg's men. Our data indicate a limited gender-sensible approach while tacking PIA prevalence with no progress reaching global voluntary reductions of PIA for 2025

「社会人基礎力」の活用展開 : 卒業研究のアンケート項目に活用

I utilized "basic ability to work in society" for the questionnaire item of graduation research as a new practical use field. There are three purposes of a questionnaire. The 1st is getting a junior college student to look back upon one's nostalgic elementary school days. The 2nd is getting a junior college student to recognize the core portions of capability or character formed through the experience at that time through recollection. The 3rd is giving a junior college student confidence and getting him to leave for vigorously new society as a result. The purpose of the questionnaire was successful. The practical use range of "basic ability to work in society" does not remain only in a means to only evaluate the present and future capability. We recognize the core portions of capability or character which recollected the past and were formed through experience. I have checked that "basic ability to work in society" could serve as a powerful means at that time. Now, I have illustrated that "basic ability to work in society" could utilize in a broad field in a university

How to evaluate sexual health in cancer patients:Development of the EORTC sexual health questionnaire for cancer patients

Background: The aim of the study is to describe the development of a comprehensive European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) questionnaire to assess sexual health of female and male cancer patients and for cancer survivors. Methods: According to the EORTC guidelines, the development of an EORTC sexual health questionnaire is typically organised in four phases. The first phases comprise a literature search following interviews with patient and health care professionals (HCPs) (phase 1) and the operationalization into items (phase 2). The translation process is formally conducted according to the EORTC QLG Translation guidelines with a rigorous forward-backward procedure supported by native speakers. Results: Studies on sexuality in oncology patients which were identified by a literature search predominantly focused on issues of activity, experiences of sexual dysfunction, and satisfaction with sexual functioning. The literature review identified themes beyond these aspects. In total 53 potentially relevant issues were presented to 107 patients and 83 HCPs, different evaluations were found. Conclusions: A questionnaire that includes physical, psychological, and social aspects of sexuality of cancer survivors will be needed. Pre-testing and validation of the questionnaire will be done in future (phases 3 and 4). Divergent ratings of patients and professionals should be further investigated. Keywords: Cancer; sexual health; European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) sexual health questionnair

医療系大学生の男女共同参画・ライフスタイル・就労継続に関する意識―１年生へのアンケート調査から―

医療系大学生のキャリア継続意識を明らかにするため，県立広島大学保健福祉学部の看護・理学療法・作業療法・コミュニケーション障害・人間福祉学科の１年生を対象に，男女共同参画，ライフスタイルおよび就労継続などに関するアンケート調査を実施した。その結果，学生の多くは「男は仕事，女は家庭」などの伝統的な性別役割的な考えには否定的である一方，理学療法学科以外の４学科の女子学生の６割以上は，子どもがいてもずっと働き続けたいとは希望していなかった。これらの事から，医療系大学生には，専門職教育だけではなく，初年次からの男女共同参画に関する啓発やキャリア教育の必要性が明らかになった。The study surveys first-year students from the departments of nursing, physical therapy, occupational therapy, communication sciences and disorders, and human welfare, belonging to the Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima. Attitudes of these co-medical students toward professional sustainability were examined by means of a questionnaire regarding gender equality, lifestyle, and motivation for continued employment. The study finds that most students have negative feelings toward traditional gender roles, and over 60% of female students, except for those from the department of physical therapy, were not motivated to continue their careers after pregnancy and child-rearing. The study concludes that professional education as well as gender equality and career guidance are essential during the early stages of co-medical education.資

The effect of physical activity on psychological distress, cortisol and obesity: results of the farming fit intervention program

Background:Rural and regional Australians have a higher likelihood of mental illness throughout their lifetime than people living in major cities, although the underlying reasons are not yet well defined. Additionally, rural populations experience more lifestyle associated co-morbidities including obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Research conducted by the National Centre for Farmer Health between 2004 and 2009 revealed a positive correlation between obesity and psychological distress among the farming community. Chronic stress is known to overstimulate the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and cortisol secretion which are associated with abdominal adiposity. Increasing physical activity may normalise cortisol secretion and thereby positively impact both physical and mental health. This paper assesses the effects of increasing physical activity on obesity, health behaviors and mental health in Victorian farming men and women.Methods:Farming Fit was a six month quasi-experimental (convenience sample) longitudinal design control-intervention study. Overweight or obese (BMI ?25?kg/m2) farm men (n?=?43) and women (n?=?29) were recruited with demographic, health behaviors, anthropometric, blood pressure and biochemistry data collected at baseline and at a six months. Salivary cortisol and depression anxiety stress scale results were collected at baseline, three and six months. The intervention group (n?=?37) received a personalized exercise program and regular phone coaching to promote physical activity.Results:The intervention group showed significant reductions in body weight and waist circumference. Results indicated that following the six month exercise program, the intervention group were 2.64???0.65?kg lighter (p?&lt;?0.001), had reduced waist circumference by 2.01???0.86?cm (p?=?0.02) and BMI by 0.97???0.22?kg/m2 (p?&lt;?0.001) relative to the control group.Conclusion:Increasing physical activity altered measures of obesity in farm men and women but did not affect mental health measures or cortisol secretion levels

知的障害者の老後に対する親達の不安に関する調査

本研究の目的は,アンケート調査を通して,知的障害者の老後に対する親達の不安を明確にすることであった。その結果,368名の親達などから回答が得られた。現段階では,この知的障害者達の年齢は,多くが20歳代から30歳代まであり,まだ高齢の年齢に達していなかったが,大部分の親達は,将来の子どもの老後について不安を抱えていた。不安の理由としては,親自身が高齢となり,主に知的障害者の世話が困難であるこがあげられていた。しかし,高齢知的障害者の世話については,多くの親達はきょうだいには期待をしていなかった。親達が期待する高齢知的障害者の生活場所や人生の終焉場所は,主に「現在生活をしている場所」「自宅」,「グループホーム」であった。親達は,子ども達の住み慣れた生活環境で人生を終えることを望んでいるようである。This paper investigates by means of a questionnaire the concerns of parents with regard to their intellectually disabled children, and 368 parents responded to the questionnaire. Although most of them were not elderly, falling within the age range of 20 to 30 years, the parents experienced anxiety with regard to their aging in the future. The reason for their anxiety stems from fears that, as they themselves age, they will no longer be able to care for their intellectually disabled children. But many parents do not expect the siblings to take care of the disabled child at a later stage. When asked about where they expected elderly people with intellectual disabilities to end their lives, the replies included "their own home", "a group home" and "an institution for the intellectually disabled." It seems that parents hope their children will end their lives in an environment that they are used to living in.資料Data Report国立情報学研究所で電子

<原著>現代の変化する社会における看護教師に必要な諸能力に関する研究 : 看護教員養成修了者の調査を通して

現代の変化する社会のなかで, 看護教師の能力を理解することは必要且つ重要な課題となっている。というのは, 看護教師は高い看護の質を要求される看護学生の教育に携わるからである。現代における看護教師の能力は何であろうか.本研究は, 変化する社会の中における看護教師の能力を明らかにすることにある。調査の対象者は, 280名の看護教員養成修了者である。方法は質問紙法で行った。その結果, 看護教師に必要な能力は3つの側面からなっている。1.知的側面 : 看護の知識, 教育の知識2.技術的側面 : 教育技術, 学生指導の技術, 人間理解の方法, 問題解決技法。3.情緒的側面(人間性) : 豊かな人間性であった。In this changing society, it is necessary and important to understand what abilities are necessary for nursing teachers, for they must teach nursing students who will be required to have very high qualities. This study was done to try to clarify what abilities are required in our society nowadays. Subject : 280 nurses who completed the training course to become nursing teachers. Method : Questionnaire survey. Result : The necessary abilities for a nursing teacher include three different aspects : 1. intellectual-a knowledge of nursing and education. 2. technical-skills in education, student guidance, human understanding, and problem-solving. 3. emotional-well-rounded personality.国立情報学研究所で電子