Estudio espectrofotométrico de los complejos de 2-Mercaptopropionil glicina con Ni(II) y Co(II)

La 2-mercaptopropionil glicina (MPG) produce con Ni(II) y Co(II), en disolución acuosa, sendos complejos de colores verde y marrón, respectivamente. Se han realizado sendos estudios del pH óptimo y tiempo de formación, estequiometría, estabilidad a la oxidación por aire y yodo, y se ha comprobado el rango de concentración en que se cumple la ley de Lambert-Beer y se produce el mínimo error fotométrico.2-mercaptopropionylglydne gives two complexes with NiCII) and CoCI!), green and maroon respectivly, in aqueous solution. For each of them a study on the optimum pH and time formation, stoichiometry and stability against air and iodine oxidation has been performed. ConcEmtration range in which the Lambert-Beer's law is obeied and minimum photometric error is attain· ed, are also reported

Ensayos galénicos de formas sólidas orales de acción retardada: Revisión de técnicas y dispositivos

Se estudian los ensayos galénicos a que se someten las formas farmacéuticas de administración oral y acción retardada y, en especial, los de liberación de la sustancia activa "in vitro". Aunque la revisión de las distintas técnicas y dispositivos se realiza con cierto detalle, se presta especial atención a la descripción de un método original para el estudio de la disgregación-disolución de las formas antes aludidas, con un sistema de medida continuo y directo, ya utilizado en el ensayo de formas sólidas de dosificación convencional y aplicado posteriormente en trabajos experimentales a preparados de acción prolongada. Se mencionan asimismo, los ensayos "in vivo" y clínicos con el fin de ofrecer una visión de conjunto sobre el control de las preparaciones sólidas de acción retardada, facilitando el acceso a los trabajes experimentales que sobre el tema puedan desarrollarse

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La 2-mercaptopropionil glicina (MPG) produce con Ni(II) y Co(II), en disolución acuosa, sendos complejos de colores verde y marrón, respectivamente. Se han realizado sendos estudios del pH óptimo y tiempo de formación, estequiometría, estabilidad a la oxidación por aire y yodo, y se ha comprobado el rango de concentración en que se cumple la ley de Lambert-Beer y se produce el mínimo error fotométrico.2-mercaptopropionylglydne gives two complexes with Ni(II) and Co(II), green and maroon respectivly, in aqueous solution. For each of them a study on the optimum pH and time formation, stoichiometry and stability against air and iodine oxidation has been performed. Concentration range in which the Lambert-Beer's law is obeied and minimum photometric error is attained, are also reported

Resistencia de la hiperhomocisteinemia del paciente renal al tratamiento con dosis suprafisiológicas de ácido fólico parenteral Resistance of hyperhomocysteinemia in renal patients to treatment with supra-physiological doses of parenteral folic acid

Los pacientes en hemodiálisis presentan un aumento de homocisteína plasmática (Hcy), debido a la alteración en la metilación causada por la uremia y déficit de los cofactores necesarios (vitamina B, ácido fólico). Esto se correlaciona con un mayor desarrollo de la enfermedad vascular prematura. El tratamiento, no está consensuado, siendo escasa la respuesta a la administración oral de dosis convencionales de ácido fólico. En este trabajo valoramos la respuesta de la hiperhomocisteinemia de 73 pacientes en programa de hemodiálisis periódica tras la administración de 50 mg de ácido folínico parenteral durante 18 meses. La homocisteína plasmática de los pacientes en el momento de inicio del estudio presentaba unos valores medios de 22,67 (μmol/l). Durante el primer año de suplementación mantuvieron el valor medio de 20μmol/l. A partir del primer año de tratamiento, y hasta finalizar los 18 meses de observación, los niveles medios de homocisteína fueron de 19,58 μmol/l. Aunque con el tiempo de tratamiento encontramos una clara tendencia al descenso de sus valores plasmáticos, no existieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Los valores de homocisteína no se normalizaron en ninguno de los pacientes tratados.Hemodialysis patients present an increase in plasma homocysteine (Hcy) due to methylation impairment caused by uremia and the deficiency of the co-factors needed (vitamin B, folic acid). This correlates with a more common development of premature vascular disease. There is no consensus on the therapy, with a poor response to oral administration of conventional doses of folic acid. In this work, we assessed the response of hyperhomocysteinemia in 73 regular hemodialysis patients after the administration of 50 mg of parenteral folinic acid for 18 months. Plasma homocysteine of the patients at the time of the study beginning presented mean values of 22.67 (μmol/L). During the first year of supplementation the mean value was kept at 20μmol/L. From the first year to the end of the 18-months observation period the mean homocysteine levels were 19.58μmol/L. Although we found a clear trend towards a decrease in plasma homocysteine levels during the treatment period, there were no significant differences. Homocysteine levels did not come back to normal in none of the patients treated

Evolución de parámetros bioquímicos nutricionales en pacientes de hemodiálisis durante un año de seguimiento Evolution of nutritional biochemical parameters in hemodialysis patients during a one-year follow-up period

La elevada supervivencia actual del paciente en hemodiálisis (52% hasta 5 años), ha hecho que se pongan de manifiesto complicaciones crónicas como la elevada prevalencia de malnutrición en los enfermos, así como la importancia de la situación nutricional en la morbi-mortalidad que presentan. La causa de desnutrición proteico-calórica es multifactorial, aunque procesos de inflamación crónica asociada a la técnica de diálisis cobran cada vez más relevancia. Se han evaluado las variaciones de distintos parámetros bioquímicos nutricionales (proteínas totales, albúmina plasmática, transferrina y colesterol total) de 73 pacientes en hemodiálisis durante un año de seguimiento. La edad media de los pacientes era de 53,3 &plusmn; 18,69 años, con 43 varones y 30 mujeres. El tiempo en programa de hemodiálisis ha sido de 43 &plusmn; 33 meses, con una duración media de la sesión de 246&plusmn; 24 minutos y dosis media de hemodiálisis administrada de 1,37 &plusmn; 0,27 (KT/V) (Daurgidas 2ª generación). Se ha observado un descenso en todos los parámetros bioquímicos evaluados, con diferencias estadísticamente significativas: Proteínas totales (p Current high survival in hemodialysis patients (52% at 5 years) have made the chronic manifestations to emerge such as the high hyponutrition prevalence of these patients, as well as the importance of the nutritional status in their morbimortality. The reason for protein-caloric hyponutrition is multifactorial, although chronic inflammatory conditions associated to the dialysis technique are becoming more and more relevant. The variations in several nutritional biochemical parameters (total proteins, plasma albumin, transferrin, and total cholesterol) have been assessed in 73 hemodialysis patients for one year. The mean age of the patients was 53.3 &plusmn; 18.69 years (43 males and 30 females). The average on hemodialysis program was 43 &plusmn; 33 months, with a mean session duration of 246 &plusmn; 24 minutes, and mean hemodialysis dose administered of 1.37 &plusmn; 0.27 (KT/V) (second generation Daurgidas). A decrease in all the biochemical parameters assessed has been observed, with statistically significant differences: total proteins (p < 0.001), albumin (p < 0.00001), total cholesterol (p < 0.05), and transferrin (p < 0.01). The evolution of the nutritional biochemical parameters assessed showed an important nutritional deterioration of the patients remaining stable with the therapy

Estudio longitudinal del Índice de masa corporal (IMC) en pacientes en diálisis Longitudinal study on the body mass index (BMI) of dialysis patients

La insuficiencia renal crónica está relacionada frecuentemente con la malnutrición, afectando aproximadamente a un tercio de los pacientes con enfermedad renal avanzada. Realizamos un estudio longitudinal de la evolución nutricional de 73 pacientes en programa de hemodiálisis periódica, valorando las modificaciones del parámetro antropométrico de índice de masa corporal (IMC) y su correspondencia con parámetros nutricionales bioquímicos como son proteínas totales (PT) y albúmina sérica (Alb). Trimestralmente se recogieron los niveles plasmáticos de PT y Alb, y se evaluó su IMC calculado por la fórmula Standard: peso postdiálisis en Kg / altura m². Para la clasificación en grupos según el IMC, sobrepeso y bajo peso fueron definidos según los valores del Comité de Expertos de la OMS. Los pacientes estudiados presentan una edad media de 53 años, 43 eran varones y 30 mujeres. El IMC de las mujeres fue inferior al de los varones (pChronic renal failure is commonly related to hyponutrition, affecting approximately on third of patients with advanced renal failure. We carried out a longitudinal study to assess nutritional evolution of 73 patients on a regular hemodialysis program, assessing changes in the anthropometrical parameter body mass index (BMI) and its correspondence to biochemical nutritional parameters such as total protein (TP) levels and serum albumin (Alb). Every three months plasma TP and albumin levels were collected and BMI was calculated by the standard formula: post-dialysis weight in kg/height in m². For classifying by BMI categories, overweight and low weight were defined according to the WHO Expert Committee. Studied patients had a mean age of 53 years,43 were male and 30 were female patients. BMI in women was lower than that in men (p < 0.001), as well as TP (p < 0.001) and Alb (p < 0.001) levels. Mean BMI was 29.3 kg/m². Three point two percent of the determinations showed low weight, 12.16% overweight, and 83.97% normal BMI. TP were normal in 90.76% and decreased in 9.24%. Alb was normal in 82.2% and low in 17.78%. After the follow-up time (21.6 months, minimum 18 months, maximum 53 months), the Kruskal-Wallis test did not show a statistically significant change for BMI but it did show a change for the biochemical parameters albumin and total proteins (p < 0.05): nutritional impairment in CRF patients is manifested on biochemical parameters (TP and Alb) with no reflection on anthropometrical data

Integrative epigenomics in Sjögren's syndrome reveals novel pathways and a strong interaction between the HLA, autoantibodies and the interferon signature

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration and damage of exocrine salivary and lacrimal glands. The etiology of SS is complex with environmental triggers and genetic factors involved. By conducting an integrated multi-omics study, we confirmed a vast coordinated hypomethylation and overexpression effects in IFN-related genes, what is known as the IFN signature. Stratified and conditional analyses suggest a strong interaction between SS-associated HLA genetic variation and the presence of Anti-Ro/SSA autoantibodies in driving the IFN epigenetic signature and determining SS. We report a novel epigenetic signature characterized by increased DNA methylation levels in a large number of genes enriched in pathways such as collagen metabolism and extracellular matrix organization. We identified potential new genetic variants associated with SS that might mediate their risk by altering DNA methylation or gene expression patterns, as well as disease-interacting genetic variants that exhibit regulatory function only in the SS population. Our study sheds new light on the interaction between genetics, autoantibody profiles, DNA methylation and gene expression in SS, and contributes to elucidate the genetic architecture of gene regulation in an autoimmune populati

Death in hospital following ICU discharge : insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Altres ajuts: Italian Ministry of University and Research (MIUR)-Department of Excellence project PREMIA (PREcision MedIcine Approach: bringing biomarker research to clinic); Science Foundation Ireland Future Research Leaders Award; European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM), Brussels; St Michael's Hospital, Toronto; University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.Background: To determine the frequency of, and factors associated with, death in hospital following ICU discharge to the ward. Methods: The Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE study was an international, multicenter, prospective cohort study of patients with severe respiratory failure, conducted across 459 ICUs from 50 countries globally. This study aimed to understand the frequency and factors associated with death in hospital in patients who survived their ICU stay. We examined outcomes in the subpopulation discharged with no limitations of life sustaining treatments ('treatment limitations'), and the subpopulations with treatment limitations. Results: 2186 (94%) patients with no treatment limitations discharged from ICU survived, while 142 (6%) died in hospital. 118 (61%) of patients with treatment limitations survived while 77 (39%) patients died in hospital. Patients without treatment limitations that died in hospital after ICU discharge were older, more likely to have COPD, immunocompromise or chronic renal failure, less likely to have trauma as a risk factor for ARDS. Patients that died post ICU discharge were less likely to receive neuromuscular blockade, or to receive any adjunctive measure, and had a higher pre- ICU discharge non-pulmonary SOFA score. A similar pattern was seen in patients with treatment limitations that died in hospital following ICU discharge. Conclusions: A significant proportion of patients die in hospital following discharge from ICU, with higher mortality in patients with limitations of life-sustaining treatments in place. Non-survivors had higher systemic illness severity scores at ICU discharge than survivors. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02010073