Komo2019_DevelopmentalStudy

Data to laboratory experiments of the developmetnal study; data files created with Microsoft Excel; description in README fil

Collective exodigestion favours blow fly colonization and development on fresh carcasses

International audienceNecrophagous flies breeding on carcasses face high selection pressures and therefore provide interesting opportunities to study social adaptations. We postulated that gregariousness in necrophagous blow fly larvae is an adaptive response to the environmental constraints of fresh carcasses. Cooperation is indeed believed to be key to the global success of social species. To test this idea, the development of Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) larvae growing on low-or high-digestibility food substrate (control or trypsin-added ground beef muscle, respectively) at different larval densities was monitored. Results showed that larvae developed faster and had decreased mortality at high than low larval density. Furthermore, aggregation had no dele-terious effect on the morphological characteristics (e.g. size) of postfeeding larvae and adult flies. We concluded that increased density positively affected population fitness, which is a conclusion consistent with the predictions of the Allee effect. Compared with those fed on regular food, larvae fed on high-digestibility food had reduced mortality and faster development on average. From these results, we postulated that collective exodigestion might be an adaptive response allowing blow flies to colonize fresh carcasses before the arrival of other insects and the multiplication of microbes. This hypothesis is consistent with the idea that cooperation may enable species to expand their niches

Komo2019_AggregationStudy

Data to laboratory experiments of the aggregation study; data files created with Microsoft Excel; description in README fil

Data from: Facing death together: heterospecific aggregations of blowfly larvae evince mutual benefits

Heterospecific aggregations and foraging associations have been observed between different species, from apes to birds to insects. Such associations are hypothesized to result in a mutually beneficial relationship entailing benefits that are not apparent in conspecific groupings. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were to investigate (i) how three blowfly species, namely, Calliphora vicina, C. vomitoria and Lucilia sericata, aggregate according to species, and (ii) if developmental benefits are linked to heterospecific aggregation. For objective (i), larvae of two species were placed between two conspecific aggregates, each with a different species (i.e., a binary choice test). After 20 hours, the positions of all larvae were determined. On average, 98% of the maggots added later settled together on one of the two pre-existing aggregations, demonstrating a collective choice. The aggregation spot with C. vicina was preferred against others, indicating different attractiveness of different species. To relate this behavior to its benefits (objective ii), C. vicina and L. sericata larvae were raised from first instar to adult in con- and heterospecific conditions, and their development time, mortality rates and morphometrics were measured. Thereby, mutual and asymmetric consequences were observed: specifically, there were significant increases in size and survival for L. sericata and faster development for C. vicina in heterospecific groups. These results indicate that the predilection for heterospecific association leads to mutual developmental benefits. This heterospecific aggregation behaviour may be a resource-management strategy of blowflies to face carrion-based selection pressure

Comment on: Failure of rivaroxaban to prevent thrombosis in four patients with anti-phospholipid syndrome

International audienceAdditional data suggest that rivaroxaban does not seem to be efficient in all APS patients

Neuralgic amyotrophy triggered by hepatitis E virus: a particular phenotype

International audienceObjective: The neuralgic amyotrophy may be of difficult diagnosis, due to phenotypic variability, with different initial presentations (upper plexus multiple mononeuropathy, lumbosacral involvement, distal reached, phrenic involvement). To date, there is little guidance on these patients’ therapeutic management, especially those for which neuralgic amyotrophy is triggered by hepatitis E virus (HEV-NA). The study aims to identify specific features that characterize patients bearing the neuralgic amyotrophy triggered by HEV. Methods: We first describe a new case report of HEV-neuralgic amyotrophy, with delayed diaphragmatic reach. Then, the literature was searched for reports of HEV-NA (n=39), and neuralgic amyotrophy with phrenic paresis (n=42) from 1999 to June 2016. Relevant data were retrieved, analyzed and compared with the parameters of idiopathic neuralgic amyotrophy (n=199) of the largest cohort, described by Van Alfen and Van Engelen in 2006. Results: Compared to the published cohort, HEV-NA patients were more likely to be men (M/F 34/5 versus 136/ 63, p=0.017), with more frequent bilateral symptoms (86.8% cases versus 28.5%, p<0.0001) as well as phrenic paresis (18.0% versus 6.6%, p=0.028). The clinical improvement is poor, with 15.6% of cases with remission only. Conclusions: A particular phenotype characteristic of the HEV-induced neuralgic amyotrophy has arisen. Our findings call for action in validating the above mentioned features that illustrate the HEV-NA cases as an early diagnosis would prevent complications, especially the phrenic damage often associated with a worse functional outcome

Successive Protein Extraction Using Hydroxylamine to Increase the Depth of Proteome Coverage in Fresh, Forensic, and Archaeological Bones

Proteomics is continually being applied to a wider range of applications, now including the analysis of archaeological samples and anatomical specimens, particularly collagen-containing tissues such as bones and teeth. Here, we present the application of a chemical digestion-based proteomics sample preparation protocol to the analysis of fresh, anatomical, and archaeological samples. We describe and discuss two protocols: one that uses hydroxylamine as an additional step of the proteomic workflow, applied to the insoluble fraction, and another that applies hydroxylamine directly on demineralized bones and teeth. We demonstrate the additional information that can be extracted using both protocols, including an increase in the sequence coverage and number of peptides detected in modern and archaeological samples and an increase in the number of proteins identified in archaeological samples. By targeting research related to collagens or extracellular matrix proteins, the use of this protocol will open new insights, considering both fresh and ancient mineralized samples

Successive Protein Extraction Using Hydroxylamine to Increase the Depth of Proteome Coverage in Fresh, Forensic, and Archaeological Bones

Proteomics is continually being applied to a wider range of applications, now including the analysis of archaeological samples and anatomical specimens, particularly collagen-containing tissues such as bones and teeth. Here, we present the application of a chemical digestion-based proteomics sample preparation protocol to the analysis of fresh, anatomical, and archaeological samples. We describe and discuss two protocols: one that uses hydroxylamine as an additional step of the proteomic workflow, applied to the insoluble fraction, and another that applies hydroxylamine directly on demineralized bones and teeth. We demonstrate the additional information that can be extracted using both protocols, including an increase in the sequence coverage and number of peptides detected in modern and archaeological samples and an increase in the number of proteins identified in archaeological samples. By targeting research related to collagens or extracellular matrix proteins, the use of this protocol will open new insights, considering both fresh and ancient mineralized samples

Successive Protein Extraction Using Hydroxylamine to Increase the Depth of Proteome Coverage in Fresh, Forensic, and Archaeological Bones

Proteomics is continually being applied to a wider range of applications, now including the analysis of archaeological samples and anatomical specimens, particularly collagen-containing tissues such as bones and teeth. Here, we present the application of a chemical digestion-based proteomics sample preparation protocol to the analysis of fresh, anatomical, and archaeological samples. We describe and discuss two protocols: one that uses hydroxylamine as an additional step of the proteomic workflow, applied to the insoluble fraction, and another that applies hydroxylamine directly on demineralized bones and teeth. We demonstrate the additional information that can be extracted using both protocols, including an increase in the sequence coverage and number of peptides detected in modern and archaeological samples and an increase in the number of proteins identified in archaeological samples. By targeting research related to collagens or extracellular matrix proteins, the use of this protocol will open new insights, considering both fresh and ancient mineralized samples

Successive Protein Extraction Using Hydroxylamine to Increase the Depth of Proteome Coverage in Fresh, Forensic, and Archaeological Bones

Proteomics is continually being applied to a wider range of applications, now including the analysis of archaeological samples and anatomical specimens, particularly collagen-containing tissues such as bones and teeth. Here, we present the application of a chemical digestion-based proteomics sample preparation protocol to the analysis of fresh, anatomical, and archaeological samples. We describe and discuss two protocols: one that uses hydroxylamine as an additional step of the proteomic workflow, applied to the insoluble fraction, and another that applies hydroxylamine directly on demineralized bones and teeth. We demonstrate the additional information that can be extracted using both protocols, including an increase in the sequence coverage and number of peptides detected in modern and archaeological samples and an increase in the number of proteins identified in archaeological samples. By targeting research related to collagens or extracellular matrix proteins, the use of this protocol will open new insights, considering both fresh and ancient mineralized samples