Fighting the freeloader effect : cooperation, attitude, and achievement in a Jesuit secondary math classroom

unavailabl

18-Archaeological Investigations at the Walters 1 (20SJ144) and Cupp 5 (20SJ104) Sites, St. Joseph County, Michigan

During the 1987 field season, a research team from Western Michigan University conducted Phase II investigations at the Walters 1 and Cupp 5 sites in the Middle St. Joseph River Valley to determine the eligibility of these sites far listing in the National Register of Historic Places. Discovered during a Phase I survey of this area in 1986, these two sites were among 10 of 87 previously unrecorded sites to which \u27\u27high priority\u27\u27 assignments were given (Cremin and Quattrin 1987). Following intensive walk-over survey of the \u27\u27well fitted\u27\u27 fields in May by an all volunteer group for purposes of precisely delineating site area, the project research team returned to the sites in late June For three weeks of Phase II study. Employing standard test excavation procedures, together with some shovel testing on Walters 1, the team opened 227 \u27\u27windows\u27\u27 into the sites in hopes of recovering a sample of the artifactual material present and ascertaining whether there existed any site integrity. Regardless of our best efforts, we observed neither stratigraphy nor significantly preserved context on either site; observed archaeological context was confined to a single prehistoric pit feature, without meaningful contents, on Cupp 5. Given our observations of the impacts resulting from historic land use, the paucity of artifactual information retrieved, and the extreme rarity or absence of preserved archaeological context on these sites, we must conclude that the better part of a century of intensive cultivation has reduced Walters 1 and Cupp 5 to the status of \u27\u27plow zone sites. Both Walters 1 and Cupp 5 lack the integrity necessary to make a case For their being eligible For listing in the National Register of Historic Places

A feasibility study on smartphone accelerometer-based recognition of household activities and influence of smartphone position

Obesity and physical inactivity are the most important risk factors for chronic diseases. The present study aimed at (i) developing and testing a method for classifying household activities based on a smartphone accelerometer; (ii) evaluating the influence of smartphone position; and (iii) evaluating the acceptability of wearing a smartphone for activity recognition

GLI SCRITTI LINGUISTICI MANZONIANI: ANALISI FONOMORFOLOGICA E SINTATTICA.

The dissertation analyzes the language used by Manzoni for the linguistic argument, focusing on the phonetic, morphologic and syntactic aspects. The chosen corpus is wide, both for the number of analyzed texts both for the large time range in which the texts are written (1816-1871), and is made of the 17th volume (\u201cUnpublished linguistic writings\u201d) and the 19th volume (\u201cPublished linguistic writings\u201d) of the \u201cNational and European Edition of Alessandro Manzoni\u2019s Works\u201d. The systematic comparison of the data with those coming from other studies on the Manzoni speech (fictional, unfictional and epistolary) and on the 17th-18th century Italian speech achieves two results. The first is the verification of Manzoni agreement with the living and ordinary linguistic customs of the 18th Italian prose, the opening on the spoken language and the famous reaching, in the Thirties, of the contemporary Florentine speech as linguistic model. The second, really significant, is the confirmation of the Manzoni usage of an only one language in all the genres of his writing: he changes the style, but the language is always the same for every topic and every reader

Type 1 diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells. Individuals with type 1 diabetes are reliant on insulin for survival. Despite enhanced knowledge related to the pathophysiology of the disease, including interactions between genetic, immune, and environmental contributions, and major strides in treatment and management, disease burden remains high. Studies aimed at blocking the immune attack on β cells in people at risk or individuals with very early onset type 1 diabetes show promise in preserving endogenous insulin production. This Seminar will review the field of type 1 diabetes, highlighting recent progress within the past 5 years, challenges to clinical care, and future directions in research, including strategies to prevent, manage, and cure the disease

Predictive Factors for Drain Placement After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Purpose: Currently, surgical drainage during a laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is still placed in selected patients. Evidence of the non-beneficial effect of the surgical drain comes from studies with a heterogeneous population. This preliminary study aims to identify any clinical, demographic, or intraoperative predictive factors for a surgical drain placement during LC as the first step to identify population for a prospective randomized study. Method: The study was conducted in a single referral center and academic hospital between 2014 and 2018. Patients who underwent unconverted LC were divided into two groups: Group A (drain) and Group B (no drain). We explored baseline, preoperative, intraoperative characteristics, and postoperative outcomes. Results: Between 409 patients who underwent LC: 90 (22%) patients were in Group A (drain). Age >64 years, male sex, cholecystitis, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) ≥ 1, experienced surgeon, intraoperative technical difficulties, need for an additional trocar, operative time >60 min, and estimated blood loss >10 ml were predictive factors at univariate analysis. While at multivariate analysis, cholecystitis (odds ratio [OR]: 2.8, 95% CI:1.5–5.1; p < 0.001), CCI ≥ 1 (OR:1.9, 95% CI:1.0–3.5; p = 0.05), intraoperative technical difficulties (OR: 3.6, 95% CI:1.8–6.2; p < 0.001), need of an additional trocar (OR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.4–4.4; p < 0.005), and estimated blood loss >10 ml (OR: 3.0, 95% CI:1.7–5.3; p < 0.0001) were predictive factors for a surgical drain placement during LC. Conclusions: This study identified predictive factors that currently drive the surgeons to a surgical drain placement after LC. Randomized prospective studies are needed to define the use of drain placement in these selected patients

Detecting Overweight Children in Primary Care: Do National Data Reflect the Typical Urban Practice?

The article presents a study which aims to obtain data about the feasibility of detecting risk for overweight and overweight in infants and young children seen for well-child visits based on pediatricians\u27 standard practice, to compare these estimates with the national data, and to compare the data gathered during well-child visits with data collected during well-child visits with data obtained in preschool children seen for a sick-child visit. It was stated that earlier children started increasing in adiposity, the greater the risk for being obese as adolescents and adults with 40 percent of infants whose weight was above the 95th percentile reported to be overweight as adults. However, there is no agreement on the evaluation of overweight in infants who are less than 2 years of age

Errors and omissions in hospital prescriptions: a survey of prescription writing in a hospital

Background: The frequency of drug prescription errors is high. Excluding errors in decision making, the remaining are mainly due to order ambiguity, non standard nomenclature and writing illegibility. The aim of this study is to analyse, as a part of a continuous quality improvement program, the quality of prescriptions writing for antibiotics, in an Italian University Hospital as a risk factor for prescription errors. Methods: The point prevalence survey, carried out in May 26-30 2008, involved 41 inpatient Units. Every parenteral or oral antibiotic prescription was analysed for legibility (generic or brand drug name, dose, frequency of administration) and completeness (generic or brand name, dose, frequency of administration, route of administration, date of prescription and signature of the prescriber). Eight doctors (residents in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine) and two pharmacists performed the survey by reviewing the clinical records of medical, surgical or intensive care section inpatients. The antibiotics drug category was chosen because its use is widespread in the setting considered. Results: Out of 756 inpatients included in the study, 408 antibiotic prescriptions were found in 298 patients (mean prescriptions per patient 1.4; SD \ub1 0.6). Overall 92.7% (38/41) of the Units had at least one patient with antibiotic prescription. Legibility was in compliance with 78.9% of generic or brand names, 69.4% of doses, 80.1% of frequency of administration, whereas completeness was fulfilled for 95.6% of generic or brand names, 76.7% of doses, 83.6% of frequency of administration, 87% of routes of administration, 43.9% of dates of prescription and 33.3% of physician's signature. Overall 23.9% of prescriptions were illegible and 29.9% of prescriptions were incomplete. Legibility and completeness are higher in unusual drugs prescriptions. Conclusion: The Intensive Care Section performed best as far as quality of prescription writing was concerned when compared with the Medical and Surgical Sections. Nevertheless the overall illegibility and incompleteness (above 20%) are unacceptably high. Values need to be improved by enhancing the safety culture and in particular the awareness of the professionals on the consequences that a bad prescription writing can produc

Errors and omissions in hospital prescriptions: a survey of prescription writing in a hospital

Background: The frequency of drug prescription errors is high. Excluding errors in decision making, the remaining are mainly due to order ambiguity, non standard nomenclature and writing illegibility. The aim of this study is to analyse, as a part of a continuous quality improvement program, the quality of prescriptions writing for antibiotics, in an Italian University Hospital as a risk factor for prescription errors. Methods: The point prevalence survey, carried out in May 26-30 2008, involved 41 inpatient Units. Every parenteral or oral antibiotic prescription was analysed for legibility (generic or brand drug name, dose, frequency of administration) and completeness (generic or brand name, dose, frequency of administration, route of administration, date of prescription and signature of the prescriber). Eight doctors (residents in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine) and two pharmacists performed the survey by reviewing the clinical records of medical, surgical or intensive care section inpatients. The antibiotics drug category was chosen because its use is widespread in the setting considered. Results: Out of 756 inpatients included in the study, 408 antibiotic prescriptions were found in 298 patients (mean prescriptions per patient 1.4; SD \ub1 0.6). Overall 92.7% (38/41) of the Units had at least one patient with antibiotic prescription. Legibility was in compliance with 78.9% of generic or brand names, 69.4% of doses, 80.1% of frequency of administration, whereas completeness was fulfilled for 95.6% of generic or brand names, 76.7% of doses, 83.6% of frequency of administration, 87% of routes of administration, 43.9% of dates of prescription and 33.3% of physician's signature. Overall 23.9% of prescriptions were illegible and 29.9% of prescriptions were incomplete. Legibility and completeness are higher in unusual drugs prescriptions. Conclusion: The Intensive Care Section performed best as far as quality of prescription writing was concerned when compared with the Medical and Surgical Sections. Nevertheless the overall illegibility and incompleteness (above 20%) are unacceptably high. Values need to be improved by enhancing the safety culture and in particular the awareness of the professionals on the consequences that a bad prescription writing can produc

Development and validation of the WEll-being and Satisfaction of CAREgivers of Children with Diabetes Questionnaire (WE-CARE)

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens