Information system design based on microservice architecture

In recent years, microservice architecture has become the mainstream approach to modern information system design, and the central idea of this architecture is to improve the scalability, reliability and maintainability of the system by splitting it into small, independent service units. This paper introduces the main ideas and practices of information system design based on microservice architecture, including service splitting, service communication, service governance and service deployment. In addition, this paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the current microservice architecture, and illustrates how to design and implement information systems based on microservice architecture in practical applications with real cases

Monte Carlo Simulations of the microwave emissivity of the sea surface

A Monte Carlo model is developed to calculate the microwave emissivity of the sea surface based on the Kirchhoff approximation combined with modified Fresnel coefficients. The modified Fresnel coefficient depends on the incident angle of the electromagnetic wave and the height variance of small‐scale roughness, which is an approximation to account partly for the scattering effect from small ripples. The advantage of the Monte Carlo model is its inherent capability to treat multiple scattering events. Using a two‐dimensional Gaussian distribution for the sea surface slope variability, the model is capable of simulating the azimuthal dependency of the microwave emission caused by the alignment of waves perpendicular to the wind direction. Good agreement between model calculations and measurements is obtained

Association of HLA-A, B, DRB1 alleles and haplotypes with HIV-1 infection in Chongqing, China

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) epidemic in Chongqing, China, is increasing rapidly with the dominant subtype of CRF07_BC over the past 3 years. Since human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphisms have shown strong association with susceptibility/resistance to HIV-1 infection from individuals with different ethnic backgrounds, a recent investigation on frequencies of HLA class I and class II alleles in a Chinese cohort also indicated that similar correlation existed in HIV infected individuals from several provinces in China, however, such information is unavailable in Chongqing, southwest China.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this population-based study, we performed polymerase chain reaction analysis with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP) for intermediate-low-resolution HLA typing in a cohort of 549 HIV-1 infected individuals, another 2475 healthy subjects from the Han nationality in Chongqing, China, were selected as population control. We compared frequencies of HLA-A, B, DRB1 alleles, haplotypes and genotypes between the two groups, and analyzed their association with HIV-1 susceptibility or resistance.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The genetic profile of HLA (A, B, DRB1) alleles of HIV-1 infected individuals from Chongqing Han of China was obtained. Several alleles of HLA-B such as B*46 (P = 0.001, OR = 1.38, 95%CI = 1.13-1.68), B*1501G(B62) (P = 0.013, OR = 1.42, 95%CI = 1.08-1.88), B*67 (P = 0.022, OR = 2.76, 95%CI = 1.16-6.57), B*37 (P = 0.014, OR = 1.93, 95%CI = 1.14-3.28) and B*52 (P = 0.038, OR = 1.64, 95%CI = 1.03-2.61) were observed to have association with susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in this population. In addition, the haplotype analysis revealed that A*11-B*46, A*24-B*54 and A*01-B*37 for 2-locus, and A*11-B*46-DRB1*09, A*02-B*46-DRB1*08, A*11-B*4001G-DRB1*15, A*02-B*4001G-DRB1*04, A*11-B*46-DRB1*08 and A*02-B*4001G-DRB1*12 for 3-locus had significantly overrepresented in HIV-1 infected individuals, whereas A*11-B*1502G, A*11-B*1502G-DRB1*12 and A*33-B*58-DRB1*13 were underrepresented. However, the low-resolution homozygosity of HLA-A, B, DRB1 loci and HLA-Bw4/Bw6 genotypes did not differ significantly between the two groups.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results may contribute to the database of HLA profiles in HIV-1 infected Chinese population, consequently, the association of certain HLA alleles with susceptibility or resistance to HIV-1 infection would provide with clues in choosing proper preventive strategies against HIV-1 infection and developing effective HIV-1 vaccines in Chinese population, especially for those in southwest China.</p

Noncommutative Davis type decompositions and applications

International audienc

Automatic Road Extraction from Remote Sensing Images Based on Rectangle Marked Point Process

Aiming at solving inaccurate and incomplete extraction of road in remote sensing images, this paper proposes an automatic extraction algorithm based on Rectangle Marked Point Process (RMPP). First, the RMPP is designed to model the road surface, which aims to obtain the centerline and width of road correctly. Secondly, under the framework of Bayesian theory, the proposed road extraction model is built by combining network reconstruction model and spectral measurement model. The former is to constrain the relationships between rectangles according to the structure characteristic of the road. The latter is to constrain the consistency between rectangle and road body in image. Also, to obtain optimal results, related transfer kernels of RJMCMC (Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo) based simulation algorithm are designed accordingly. Finally, testing of the proposed method and comparing methods are carried out with different remote sensing datasets. Experimental results from the proposed algorithm show that the completeness, correctness and quality can reach 98%, 94% and 92%, respectively. Compared with the results from the comparing method qualitatively and quantitatively, it can be verified that the proposed method can not only extract the high-quality road networks from different datasets but also can obtain the width of the road simultaneously

Identification and expression analysis of glycolate oxidase gene family in spinach

The spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) glycolate oxidase (GLO) gene family members were identified from the whole genome of spinach,and their physical and chemical properties,subcellular localization,gene structure,conserved motifs,homology and gene expression were analyzed.Results showed that there are five SoGLOs proteins in spinach.The genetic relationship between spinach's GLO protein and those of Beta vulgaris L. protein was relatively close through phylogenetic tree analysis.Gene structure analysis revealed that the family gene consisted of 9 to 11 exons.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed that nitrate nitrogen could only induce SoGLOs expression in a short period of time,while ammonium nitrogen could continue to inhibit the expression of SoGLOs,thus affecting the content of spinach oxalic acid.After stress treatment,the expression of SoGLOs changed significantly.SoGLO1,SoGLO3 and SoGLO5 responded most to salt stress.SoGLOs may play a role in the salt tolerance,high temperature tolerance,cold tolerance,drought resistance and antioxidant process of spinach.Spraying of phytohormones generally increases the expression of SoGLOs in a short period of time,which may cause rapid accumulation of oxalic acid in spinach

Classification of EEG signals using sampling techniques and least square support vector machines

This paper presents sampling techniques (ST) concept for feature extraction from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. It describes the application of least square support vector machine (LS-SVM) that executes the classification of EEG signals from two classes, namely normal persons with eye open and epileptic patients during epileptic seizure activity. Decision-making has been carried out in two stages. In the first stage, ST has been used to extract the representative features of EEG time series data and to reduce the dimensionality of that data, and in the second stage, LS-SVM has been applied on the extracted feature vectors to classify EEG signals between normal persons and epileptic patients. In this study, the performance of the LS-SVM is demonstrated in terms of training and testing performance separately and then a comparison is made between them. The experimental results show that the classification accuracy for the training and testing data are 80.31% and 80.05% respectively. This research demonstrates that ST is well suited for feature extraction since selected samples maintain the most important images of the original data and LS-SVM has great potential in classifying the EEG signals

Exploring the Spatiotemporal Effects of the Built Environment on the Nonlinear Impacts of Metro Ridership: Evidence from Xi’an, China

Exploring the correlation of the built environment with metro ridership is vital for fostering sustainable urban growth. Although the research conducted in the past has explored how ridership is nonlinearly influenced by the built environment, less research has focused on the spatiotemporal ramifications of these nonlinear effects. In this study, density, diversity, distance, destination, and design parameters are utilized to depict the “5D” traits of the built environment, while Shapley Additive Explanations with eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost-SHAP) are adopted to uncover the spatial and temporal features concerning the nonlinear relationship of the built environment with ridership for metro stations located in Xi’an. We conducted a K-means clustering analysis to detect different site clusters by utilizing local SHAP coefficients. The results show that (1) built environment variables significantly influence metro ridership in a nonlinear manner at different periods and thresholds, with the POI facility density being the most critical variable and the other variables demonstrating time-driven effects; (2) the variables of population density and parking lot density exhibit spatial impact heterogeneity, while the number of parks and squares do not present a clear pattern; and (3) based on the clustering results, the metro stations are divided into four categories, and differentiated guidance strategies and planning objectives are proposed. Moreover, the current work offers a more developed insight into the spatiotemporal influence of built environments on metro travel in Xi’an, China, using nonlinear modeling, which has vital implications for coordinated urban–metro development

Investigation of Broadband Optical Nonlinear Absorption and Transient Dynamics in Orange IV Containing Azobenzene

Broadband reverse saturable absorption is systematically investigated via Z-scan, transient absorption spectrum (TAS). The excited state absorption and negative refraction of Orange IV are observed in the Z-scan experiment at 532 nm. Meanwhile, two-photon-induced excited state absorption and pure two-photon absorption are observed at 600 nm and 700 nm with the pulse width of 190 fs, respectively. An ultrafast broadband absorption in the visible wavelength region is observed via TAS. The different nonlinear absorption mechanisms at multiple wavelengths are discussed and interpreted from the results of TAS. In addition, the ultrafast dynamics of negative refraction in the excited state of Orange IV are investigated via a degenerate phase object pump-probe, from which the weak long-lived excited state is extracted. All studies indicate that Orange IV has the potential to be further optimized into a superior broadband reverse saturable absorption material and also has certain reference significance for the study of optical nonlinearity in organic molecules containing azobenzene groups