Between Care and Order: Street-Level Workers’ Discretion and Drug Policies in Amsterdam (the Netherlands) and Porto Alegre (Brazil)

__Abstract__ This comparative study analyses the implementation of policies on so-called ‘problem drugs’ (crack cocaine and heroin) for the cities of Amsterdam (in the Netherlands) and Porto Alegre (in Brazil). Using a variant on the street level bureaucracy approach, the study assumes that workers’ discretion has a central role in understanding the processes through which official public policies come into grounded existence. Workers’ discretionary choices involve the creation of strategies to cope with the gaps between the goals and expectations from official policies and the actual conditions of work at the street level. In the case of drug policies, this also includes negotiating between different approaches towards people who use drugs, which range from human rights and health care for users to law enforcement to ensure public order. Workers engage with organizational rules, goals and regulations plus other workers and users in making discretionary decisions on both problem definitions and possible solutions for drug use. All these factors are found to shape the ways in which workers’ discretion is exercised. The research focuses on State supported workers in the social, health and law enforcement fields to analyse the dilemmas workers encounter in their daily interactions with drug users, and how they develop strategies to cope with them. More specifically, it looks at how dilemmas and strategies vary across workers’ different working territories, differing interpretive beliefs around drug use, levels of support and constraints coming from their organizations, differing patterns of collaboration within and between sectors, and experiences of relationship with drug users

Marginalidade ou Cidadania? A rede discursiva que configura o trabalho dos redutores de danos

ABSTRACT. Scientific literature review shows that Harm Reduction (HR) articles focus mainly the discussion about the implications of different drug users treatment models and the efficiency of HR with injection drug users. However, there are few studies about HR workers. In this context, the present article aims to discuss the work of outreachworkers, proposing an analysis of how the discursive formations about drugs and Aids, in contemporary society, influence the work and the subjectivity of the outreachworkers, as well as the possibilities of having “sustainable projects” as a way to include harm reduction practices in public health services. // RESUMO. A revisão bibliográfica mostra que os estudos relativos à redução de danos (RD) se centram, predominantemente, na discussão das implicações de diferentes modelos de tratamento para o usuário de drogas e na redução de danos aplicada a usuários de drogas injetáveis. Porém, poucos estudos são encontrados acerca do trabalhador em RD. Neste contexto, o presente artigo propõe uma reflexão a respeito do trabalho dos redutores de danos, questionando como as formações discursivas sobre aids e drogas, na sociedade contemporânea, atravessam a subjetividade e o trabalho dos redutores, bem como sobre as possibilidades de inserção e sustentabilidade das ações em redução de danos

Eficiência da redução da dose e do volume de calda de aplicação de herbicidas de pós-emergência de ação total no controle de plantas daninhas na cultura de soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill].

bitstream/item/134542/1/ID12973-1993-1994sojaresultados-p94-96.pdfTrabalho apresentado na XXII Reunião de Pesquisa de Soja da Região SSul, Cruz Alta, 1994

Influence Of Predicate Sense On Word Order In Sign Languages: Intensional And Extensional Verbs

We present evidence for the influence of semantics on the order of subject, object, and verb in Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) sentences. While some have argued for a prevailing pattern of SVO in Libras, we find a strong tendency for this order in sentences that do not presuppose the existence of the verb’s object, but not in sentences that do, which instead favor SOV. These findings are coherent with those of a recent study on gesture. We argue that the variable influence of the relevant predicates is particularly salient in sign languages, due to the iconic nature of the visual modality

Investigation of chemical modifiers for the determination of cadmium and chromium in fish oil and lipoid matrices using HR-CS GF AAS and a simple ‘dilute-and-shoot’ approach

The authors are grateful to the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico and Tecnológico (CNPq), and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for financial support and scholarships. The present research was mostly financed through Project no. CNPq 406877/2013-0. The authors are also grateful to Analytik Jena for financial support and the donation of the contrAA 600.Peer reviewedPostprin

Salinity Induced Changes in the Leaf Anatomy of the Mangrove Avicennia Marina Along the Anthropogenically Stressed Tropical Creek

The mangrove Avicennia marina is a dominant mangrove along the anthropogenically stressed tropical Thane creek, west coast of India. Leaf anatomy of the mangrove along the Thane creek, was assessed in relation to stationwise and seasonwise variations in salinity. It was noticed that under the conditions of higher salinity, Avicennia marina showed increased thickness of hypodermal water storage tissue in the leaf (for conservation of water) and produced taller salt extruding glands at the lower epidermis to eliminate more salt; whereas, the thickness of the photosynthetic mesophyllic tissue significantly reduced. At lower salinity or with reduction in salinity in monsoon, contrary to above occurred. These changes probably explain the stunted growth of Avicennia marina in high salinity environment and its vigorous growth at lower salinity