Raw data Qizhong Qin.pptx

Progranulin  plays a protective role in neurotoxicity induced by TMT exposure.</p

Relationship between Environmental Pollution, Environmental Regulation and Resident Health in the Urban Agglomeration in the Middle Reaches of Yangtze River, China: Spatial Effect and Regulating Effect

The Healthy China 2030 Initiative is closely related to the coordinated development between national health, economy, and society. This major move demonstrates China’s active engagement in global health governance and in the fulfillment of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SDGs). Based on Grossman’s health production function, this paper introduces key factors such as environmental pollution and environmental regulation to empirically investigate the regulating effect of environmental regulation, as well as the spatial spillover of environmental pollution and environmental regulation acting on resident health. We examine these effects by using the panel data of 28 cities of the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River (UAMYRY) between 2009 and 2019. The results show that: (1) Environmental pollution brings a loss to resident health. Among the urban agglomerations, the circum-Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan urban agglomeration (CCZXUA) and the Poyang Lake urban agglomeration (PLUA) have a much lower health effect of environmental pollution than the Wuhan urban agglomeration (WUA). (2) With the growing intensity of environmental regulation, the negative effect of environmental pollution on resident health will gradually decrease. Regionally, the environmental regulation in the CCZXUA has the best effect on residents’ health, followed by the WUA and the PLUA, which have the worst. (3) As a whole, the spatial spillover of environmental regulation and pollution has a significant impact on residents’ health, and the spatial spillover effect between urban agglomerations is stronger than that between cities in each urban agglomeration. The conclusions remain robust with various tests such as replacing control variables, introducing lagged explanatory variables, and considering endogeneity. Based on robust empirical evidence, several specific region policy suggestions, including rolling out proper environmental regulation policies, and establishing a linking mechanism of environmental management, were put forward to improve the environmental pollution state and resident health level of the UAMYRY

An improved method for preparing stained ground teeth sections

Objective In oral histopathology teaching and research, there is a need for high-quality undemineralized tooth sections that are easy to handle, have controlled thickness, allow the observation of intact microstructures, and can be preserved for long periods of time. Methods Teeth were collected under non-demineralizing conditions. Tooth sections (15–25 µm) were prepared using a diamond knife, then randomly divided into three groups: (1) stained with rosin, (2) stained with hematoxylin and eosin, or (3) not stained. The prepared tooth sections were evaluated by microscopy for clarity and microstructure visibility. Results The use of a diamond knife in the sectioning and grinding process yielded high-quality ground sections of teeth. Rosin-stained ground sections allowed better identification of microstructures within the teeth, compared with unstained or hematoxylin and eosin-stained ground sections. Conclusion The best results were obtained in the ground sections of teeth that were stained with rosin. Ground sections of teeth prepared using this staining method could be useful in oral histopathology teaching and research

Prevalence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Microsporidium <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i> in Diarrheal Patients

Enterocytozoon bieneusi can cause severe diarrhea in children and adults. However, in China, there are scant studies on E. bieneusi in diarrheal children and adults, with the exception of prevalence and genotyping data in a small number of cities including Hubei, Shanghai, and Heilongjiang. In this study, 196 fecal samples (n = 132 in Chongqing, n = 44 in Shandong, n = 20 in Hubei) were collected, including 91 from children and 105 from adults. Through microscopic examination, 19 positive samples (11 from children and 8 from adults) were detected. Using PCR examination, the internal transcriptional spacer (ITS) region was utilized by nested PCR to detect and characterize E. bieneusi. Twenty positive samples were detected, including 14 from children (≤11 years of age) and 6 from adults. According to the sequence analysis of ITS data, one known zoonotic (D) and seven novel (CQH5-11) genotypes were identified. This is the first molecular epidemiological study of E. bieneusi in diarrheal patients in different regions of China. Therefore, this study can provide useful information for the molecular epidemiology and control of E. bieneusi infection in humans in the future

Nanobody-horseradish peroxidase fusion protein as an ultrasensitive probe to detect antibodies against Newcastle disease virus in the immunoassay

Abstract Background Sensitive and specific antibodies can be used as essential probes to develop competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). However, traditional antibodies are difficult to produce, only available in limited quantities, and ineffective as enzymatic labels. Nanobodies, which are single-domain antibodies (sdAbs), offer an alternative, more promising tool to circumvent these limitations. In the present work, a cELISA using nanobody-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) fusion protein firstly designed as a probe was developed for detecting anti-Newcastle disease virus (NDV) antibodies in chicken sera. Results In the study, a platform for the rapid and simple production of nanobody-HRP fusion protein was constructed. First, a total of 9 anti-NDV-NP protein nanobodies were screened from a immunised Bactrian camel. Then, the Nb5-HRP fusions were produced with the platform and used for the first time as sensitive reagents for developing cELISA to detect anti-NDV antibodies. The cut-off value of the cELISA was 18%, and the sensitivity and specificity were respectively 100% and 98.6%. The HI test and commercial ELISA kit (IDEXX) separately agreed 97.83% and 98.1% with cELISA when testing clinical chicken sera and both agreed 100% when testing egg yolks. However, for detecting anti-NDV antibodies in the sequential sera from the challenged chickens, cELISA demonstrated to be more sensitive than the HI test and commercial ELISA kit. Moreover, a close correlation (R2 = 0.914) was found between the percent competitive inhibition values of cELISA and HI titers. Conclusions A platform was successfully designed to easily and rapidly produce the nanobody-HRP fusion protein, which was the first time to be used as reagents for establishing cELISA. Results suggest that the platform supports the development of a cELISA with high sensitivity, simplicity, and rapid detection of anti-NDV antibodies. Overall, we believe that the platform based on nanobody-HRP fusions can be widely used for future investigations and treatment other diseases and viruses