Understanding Structure-Mechanical Property Relationship of Breast Cancer Cells

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

Mechanical stimulation induces formin-dependent assembly of a perinuclear actin rim

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America11220E2595-E260

Endocytic reawakening of motility in jammed epithelia.

Dynamics of epithelial monolayers has recently been interpreted in terms of a jamming or rigidity transition. How cells control such phase transitions is, however, unknown. Here we show that RAB5A, a key endocytic protein, is sufficient to induce large-scale, coordinated motility over tens of cells, and ballistic motion in otherwise kinetically arrested monolayers. This is linked to increased traction forces and to the extension of cell protrusions, which align with local velocity. Molecularly, impairing endocytosis, macropinocytosis or increasing fluid efflux abrogates RAB5A-induced collective motility. A simple model based on mechanical junctional tension and an active cell reorientation mechanism for the velocity of self-propelled cells identifies regimes of monolayer dynamics that explain endocytic reawakening of locomotion in terms of a combination of large-scale directed migration and local unjamming. These changes in multicellular dynamics enable collectives to migrate under physical constraints and may be exploited by tumours for interstitial dissemination

A Synthesizable VHDL Behavioral Model of A DSP On Chip Emulation Unit

This thesis describes the VHDL behavioral model design of a DSP On Chip Emulation Unit. The prototype of this design is the OnCE port of the Motorola DSP56002. Capabilities of this On Chip Emulation Unit are accessible through four pins, which allows the user to step through a program, to set the breakpoint that stop program execution at a specific address, and to examine the contents of registers, memory, and pipeline information. The detailed design that includes input/output signals and sub blocks is presented in this thesis. The user will interact with the DSP through a GUI on the host computer via the RS232 port. An interface between the RS232 and On Chip Emulation Unit is therefore designed as well. The functionality is designed to be same as described by Motorola and it is verified by a test bench. The writing of the test bench, test sequence and results is presented also

Kernel sparse tracking with compressive sensing

Online tracking is a challenging task to develop effective and efficient models to account for appearance change. However, most tracking algorithms only consider the holistic or local information and do not make full use of the appearance information. In this study, a novel tracking algorithm with sparse representation is proposed and the online classifier is learned to discriminate the target from the background. To reduce visual drift problem which is encountered in object tracking, a two‐stage sparse representation method is proposed. The holistic information is used to estimate the initial tracking position, and the local information is used to determine the final tracking position. To improve the performance of the classifier and robustness of the algorithm, the kernel function is applied on the sparse representation. Moreover, the dimension of the target is reduced via compressive sensing. Besides, a simple and effective method for dictionary update is proposed. Both qualitative and quantitative evaluations on challenging image sequences demonstrate that the proposed algorithm performs favourably against several state‐of‐the‐art algorithms

Degradation of Marine Algae-Derived Carbohydrates by Bacteroidetes Isolated from Human Gut Microbiota

Carrageenan, agarose, and alginate are algae-derived undigested polysaccharides that have been used as food additives for hundreds of years. Fermentation of dietary carbohydrates of our food in the lower gut of humans is a critical process for the function and integrity of both the bacterial community and host cells. However, little is known about the fermentation of these three kinds of seaweed carbohydrates by human gut microbiota. Here, the degradation characteristics of carrageenan, agarose, alginate, and their oligosaccharides, by Bacteroides xylanisolvens, Bacteroides ovatus, and Bacteroides uniforms, isolated from human gut microbiota, are studied

Micropillar displacements by cell traction forces are mechanically correlated with nuclear dynamics

10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.041Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications4612372-37

Proceedings of the 10th International

ABSTRACT Industrial Design (ID) requires an unremitting innovative ability, broad academic vision, multidiscipline knowledge and strong team cooperation willing, since ID targets to design the future human life and appears in the early stage of a product project where nearly 80% of the manufacturing and marketing effectiveness is determined by ID. In order to maximize the ID students' capability and meet the engineering requirements of society, the CDIO theory is implemented in education of industrial design students of China. By CDIO education, students have lots of opportunities for internship and participation in real design projects, and several research and design centers and practice bases are installed to allow students to connect companies and manufactures more closely. First of all, the curriculums are set to support CDIO. Another method is that an exploratory learning method is introduced. To achieve exploratory ability training, work studios are established under supervisions of different tutors specializing in different research fields. A third case is the logical reasoning design training. Instead of inspiration focus, a strict logical thinking process is emphasized whether in class or in design practice. Students are required to think about questions like what? why? and how? This helps them improve their ability of spotting problems, analyzing problems and solving problems. On top of that, the personality shaping is the most important part of engineering education. Some practice courses are set to let students to learn about gratitude, goodness, honest, responsibility, care for other people. In short, the outcomes from ID department in Tianjin University of China are welcomed by the society. Most become top designers or managers in various companies