Correlation Between Hippocampus MRI Radiomic Features and Resting-State Intrahippocampal Functional Connectivity in Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with main symptoms of chronic primary memory loss and cognitive impairment. The study aim was to investigate the correlation between intrahippocampal functional connectivity (FC) and MRI radiomic features in AD. A total of 67 AD patients and 44 normal controls (NCs) were enrolled in this study. Using the seed-based method of resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), the whole-brain FC with bilateral hippocampus as seed was performed, and the FC values were extracted from the bilateral hippocampus. We observed that AD patients demonstrated disruptive FC in some brain regions in the left hippocampal functional network, including right gyrus rectus, right anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri, bilateral precuneus, bilateral angular gyrus, and bilateral middle occipital gyrus. In addition, decreased FC was detected in some brain regions in the right hippocampal functional network, including bilateral anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri, right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, and right precentral gyrus. Bilateral hippocampal radiomics features were calculated and selected using the A.K. software. Finally, Pearson’s correlation analyses were conducted between these selected features and the bilateral hippocampal FC values. The results suggested that two gray level run-length matrix (RLM) radiomic features and one gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) radiomic feature weakly associated with FC values in the left hippocampus. However, there were no significant correlations between radiomic features and FC values in the right hippocampus. These findings present that the AD group showed abnormalities in the bilateral hippocampal functional network. This is a prospective study that revealed the weak correlation between the MRI radiomic features and the intrahippocampal FC in AD patients

Prediction of p53 mutation status in rectal cancer patients based on magnetic resonance imaging-based nomogram: a study of machine learning

Abstract Background The current study aimed to construct and validate a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics nomogram to predict tumor protein p53 gene status in rectal cancer patients using machine learning. Methods Clinical and imaging data from 300 rectal cancer patients who underwent radical resections were included in this study, and a total of 166 patients with p53 mutations according to pathology reports were included in these patients. These patients were allocated to the training (n = 210) or validation (n = 90) cohorts (7:3 ratio) according to the examination time. Using the training data set, the radiomic features of primary tumor lesions from T2-weighted images (T2WI) of each patient were analyzed by dimensionality reduction. Multivariate logistic regression was used to screen predictive features, which were combined with a radiomics model to construct a nomogram to predict p53 gene status. The accuracy and reliability of the nomograms were assessed in both training and validation data sets using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Using the radiomics model with the training and validation cohorts, the diagnostic efficacies were 0.828 and 0.795, the sensitivities were 0.825 and 0.891, and the specificities were 0.722 and 0.659, respectively. Using the nomogram with the training and validation data sets, the diagnostic efficacies were 0.86 and 0.847, the sensitivities were 0.758 and 0.869, and the specificities were 0.833 and 0.75, respectively. Conclusions The radiomics nomogram based on machine learning was able to predict p53 gene status and facilitate preoperative molecular-based pathological diagnoses

Effect of Portland Cement versus Sulphoaluminate Cement on the Properties of Blended Lime-Based Mortars Prepared by Carbide Slag

In order to improve the properties of lime-based mortars and promote the green development of the construction industry, blended lime-based mortars were prepared by using carbide slag instead of hydrated lime, and the additions of Portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement were studied in our work. The paper focused on mechanical properties, porosity, capillary water absorption and drying shrinkage of both types of blended mortars. The chemical composition and microstructure of hydration products were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that sulphoaluminate cement provided more contributions to mechanical properties, capillary water absorption and early shrinkage compared to Portland cement

Label-Free ZnIn₂S₄/UiO-66-NH₂ Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for Electrochemically Assessing Fish Freshness by Monitoring Xanthine and Hypoxanthine

Considering that simultaneous detection of xanthine (XA) and hypoxanthine (HXA) has been proved to be a reliable and feasible method for assessing fish freshness, a novel electrochemical sensing platform based on the ZnIn2S4/UiO-66-NH2 modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed in this study for XA and HXA determination. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were performed to exhibit the morphology and structural characteristics of ZnIn2S4/UiO-66-NH2. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) displayed that the introduction of UiO-66-NH2 can improve the specific surface area of the hybrid. Besides, the electrochemical sensing performance of ZnIn2S4/UiO-66-NH2 was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). For simultaneously detecting XA and HXA, the fabricated electrochemical sensor shows wide linear ranges (0.025–40 µM and 0.3–40 µM) with low detection limits (0.0083 µM and 0.1 µM). This sensor also has 96–103% recovery in detecting XA and HXA content in large yellow croaker meat samples, demonstrating a promising application in the marine food industry

Label-Free ZnIn2S4/UiO-66-NH2 Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for Electrochemically Assessing Fish Freshness by Monitoring Xanthine and Hypoxanthine

Considering that simultaneous detection of xanthine (XA) and hypoxanthine (HXA) has been proved to be a reliable and feasible method for assessing fish freshness, a novel electrochemical sensing platform based on the ZnIn2S4/UiO-66-NH2 modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed in this study for XA and HXA determination. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were performed to exhibit the morphology and structural characteristics of ZnIn2S4/UiO-66-NH2. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) displayed that the introduction of UiO-66-NH2 can improve the specific surface area of the hybrid. Besides, the electrochemical sensing performance of ZnIn2S4/UiO-66-NH2 was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). For simultaneously detecting XA and HXA, the fabricated electrochemical sensor shows wide linear ranges (0.025–40 µM and 0.3–40 µM) with low detection limits (0.0083 µM and 0.1 µM). This sensor also has 96–103% recovery in detecting XA and HXA content in large yellow croaker meat samples, demonstrating a promising application in the marine food industry

Ordered Vacancies and Their Chemistry in Metal–Organic Frameworks

Vacancies are common in solid materials, but it remains a challenge to introduce them at specific locations with controlled distributions. Here we report the creation of ordered metal vacancies and linker vacancies in a cubic metal–organic framework (MOF) based on Zn­(II) and pyrazolecarboxylic acid by removing a quarter of the metal ions and half of the linkers. The MOF with ordered vacancies shows increased pore size, thus allowing large dye molecules to fit in the pores. Furthermore, by filling the vacancies with new metals and new linkers, eight new single-crystalline MOFs with multicomponents in absolute order are introduced. The capability of performing stepwise elimination and addition reactions systematically in extended solids without destroying the structural integrity has generated complex MOF structures which otherwise cannot be made

Ultra-fast single-crystal polymerization of large-sized covalent organic frameworks

Rapid growth of highly crystalline Covalent organic framework (COF) materials remains challenging. Here, the authors accelerate single-crystal polymerization using supercritical CO2 and realize the fabrication of two-dimensional COF single crystals within several minutes