Adaptation of Western Administration Models for Chinese Universities

Kertas ini ditulis berasaskan kepada kajian 90% daripada makalah serta taporan-lapcran penyelidikan yang diterbitkan dalam berbagai jurnal di negara Cina dan di cetak semula dalam 'Higher Education' (Gao deng Jioyu) oleh Pusat Penyelidikan China People's University, dan juga berasaskan buku atau buku-buku teks mengenai Pentadbiran Pendidikan Tinggi yang diterbitkan di negara Cina antara 1980-1991, beserta juga sesetengah penyelidikan yang dijalankan oleh pendidik barat dalam jangka waktu yang sama. Perkataan 'Chinese University' dalarn kertas ini merujuk kepada universiti-universiti biasa, kolej dan institusi penyelidikan tinggi yang lain; Perkataan' pendidikan tinggi di Cina ' terhad kepada pendidikan tinggi yang formal tidak merangkumi pendidikan dewasa dan sistem pendidikan tinggi bukan - formal

Introduction of English Immersion in China: A Transplant with Modifications

This article presents an overview of replicating the French immersion model used in Canada to English immersion programs in China. It provides the Chinese context of this program highlighting the importance of English education and the defect of traditional English teaching and learning. The paper explains the borrowable features of the French immersion model which account for the attraction to the Chinese reformers. With a focused discussion on the differences between the traditional and immersion English teaching approaches, the paper argues that, to sustain an effective transplanted English immersion program, necessary modifications must be made to respond to the social and educational contextual restrictions in the “borrower” country

Granular Partition and Concept Lattice Division Based on Quotient Space

In this paper, we investigate the relationship between the concept lattice and quotient space by granularity. A new framework of knowledge representation - granular quotient space - is constructed and it demonstrates that concept lattice classing is linked to quotient space. The covering of the formal context is firstly given based on this granule, then the granular concept lattice model and its construction are discussed on the sub-context which is formed by the granular classification set. We analyze knowledge reduction and give the description of granular entropy techniques, including some novel formulas. Lastly, a concept lattice constructing algorithm is proposed based on multi-granular feature selection in quotient space. Examples and experiments show that the algorithm can obtain a minimal reduct and is much more efficient than classical incremental concept formation methods

The within-field and between-field dispersal of weedy rice by combine harvesters

International audienceAbstractWeedy rice (Oryza sativa L.) severely decreases the grain yield and profitability of rice is one of the most significant problems in the majority of rice fields worldwide. Few reports focus on the dispersal of weedy rice, especially how it rapidly spreads to large areas and long distances. Here, we quantify for the first time the within- and between-field dispersal of weedy rice associated with combine harvesting operations. We randomly sampled 31 combine harvesters to determine where and how much weedy rice seeds remained on the machines at three locations in Jiangsu Province, China. Based on the sampling results, the field area over which weedy rice seeds were retained on the combine harvester during harvesting was estimated to assess the within-field dispersibility of weedy rice seeds remaining in the harvesters. A tracking experiment was also carried out by tracing the distribution of weedy rice seeds along harvest trails, to estimate the dispersal of weedy rice seeds within the field being harvested. Weedy rice seeds remained in the harvest pocket, on the pedrail, and the metal plate of the combine harvester. On average, more than 5000 weedy rice seeds which were 22.80% of remaining grains could potentially be transported into adjacent fields by the combine after each rice field infested with weedy rice had been harvested. Of the statistical models compared, a double exponential model simulating the variation in seed retention predicted that weedy rice seeds remaining on the metal plate could be dispersed over 6473.91 m2 or 3236.96 m into the next field during the harvesting operation. Within the field, the number of fallen weedy rice seeds and their dispersal distance were positively correlated to weedy rice panicle density with the combine dispersing most of seeds away from their mother plant thus creating new weed patches. Therefore, fields that were severely infested with weedy rice should be harvested cautiously and separately and seed remaining in a harvester should be avoided to prevent intra- and inter-field, and even cross-regional dispersal of weedy rice

Exotic Hadrons Of Minimal Pentaquark (qqqq\Bar{Q}) States

It is shown that the exotic non-qqq hadrons of pentaquark $qqqq\bar{q}$ states can be clearly distinguished from the conventional qqq-baryon resonances or their hybrids if the flavor of $\bar{q}$ is different from any of the other four quarks. We suggest the physical process $p(e,e'K^-)Z(uuud\bar{s})$, which can be investigated at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab), as an ideal process to search for the existence or non-existence of the exotic hadron of minimal pentaquark state $Z(uuud\bar{s})$. (The search for the existence of $Z(uudd\bar{s})$ is also discussed in the paper. We added this sentence after the original published form of this paper.)Comment: 7 latex pages, 1 figur

Characteristics and sources of water-soluble organic aerosol in a heavily polluted environment in Northern China

Water-soluble organic aerosol (WSOA) in fine particles (PM2.5) collected during wintertime in a polluted city (Handan) in Northern China was characterized using a High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS). Through comparing with real-time measurements from a collocated Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM), we determined that WSOA on average accounts for 29% of total organic aerosol (OA) mass and correlates tightly with secondary organic aerosol (SOA; Pearson's r = 0.95). The mass spectra of WSOA closely resemble those of ambient SOA, but also show obvious influences from coal combustion and biomass burning. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis of the WSOA mass spectra resolved a water-soluble coal combustion OA (WS-CCOA; O/C = 0.17), a water-soluble biomass burning OA (WS-BBOA; O/C = 0.32), and a water-soluble oxygenated OA (WS-OOA; O/C = 0.89), which account for 10.3%, 29.3% and 60.4% of the total WSOA mass, respectively. The water-solubility of the OA factors was estimated by comparing the offline AMS analysis results with the ambient ACSM measurements. OOA has the highest water-solubility of 49%, consistent with increased hygroscopicity of oxidized organics induced by atmospheric aging processes. In contrast, CCOA is the leastwater soluble, containing 17% WS-CCOA. The distinct characteristics of WSOA from different sources extend our knowledge of the complex aerosol chemistry in the polluted atmosphere of Northern China and the water-solubility analysis may help us to understand better aerosol hygroscopicity and its effects on radiative forcing in this region. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Antibody-Dependent Enhancement Activity of a Plant-Made Vaccine Against West Nile Virus

West Nile virus (WNV) causes annual outbreaks globally and is the leading cause of mosquito-borne disease in Unite States. In the absence of licensed therapeutics, there is an urgent need to develop effective and safe human vaccines against WNV. One of the major safety concerns for WNV vaccine development is the risk of increasing infection by related flaviviruses in vaccinated subjects via antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE). Herein, we report the development of a plant-based vaccine candidate that provides protective immunity against a lethal WNV challenge mice, while minimizes the risk of ADE for infection by Zika (ZIKV) and dengue (DENV) virus. Specifically, a plant-produced virus-like particle (VLP) that displays the WNV Envelope protein domain III (wDIII) elicited both high neutralizing antibody titers and antigen-specific cellular immune responses in mice. Passive transfer of serum from VLP-vaccinated mice protected recipient mice from a lethal challenge of WNV infection. Notably, VLP-induced antibodies did not enhance the infection of Fc gamma receptor-expressing K562 cells by ZIKV or DENV through ADE. Thus, a plant-made wDIII-displaying VLP presents a promising WNV vaccine candidate that induces protective immunity and minimizes the concern of inducing ADE-prone antibodies to predispose vaccinees to severe infection by DENV or ZIKV

Levitation chassis dynamic analysis and robust position control for maglev vehicles under nonlinear periodic disturbance

In this paper, an experiment for decoupling the dynamic behavior of the levitation chassis of maglev vehicle with four electromagnetic suspension (EMS) modules is implemented, which validated that the stable suspension of maglev vehicle can be achieved by controlling individual EMS modules. Then, a dynamic model for single EMS module is established. A PD controller is designed to control the vertical position of the maglev vehicle. Simulations illustrate that the robustness of the controller is weak against the periodic disturbance. To improve the robustness of the controller, a nonlinear control law for disturbance rejection is applied by combining with a periodic disturbance estimator with an adaptive notch filter, which is capable of compensating exogenous nonlinear periodic disturbance. Different from using the existing control laws, the structure, parameters and period of the disturbance is not required. Moreover, the controller designed in this work satisfies the requirement of unidirectional force input. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the excellent dynamic performance with the proposed robust controller