Complementarity of Semileptonic BB to K2∗(1430)K_2^*(1430) and K∗(892)K^*(892) Decays in the Standard Model with Fourth Generation

The $B\rightarrow K_{2}^{\ast}(1430)l^{+}l^{-}$ $(l=\mu,\tau)$ decays are analyzed in the Standard Model extended to fourth generation of quarks (SM4). The decay rate, forward-backward asymmetry, lepton polarization asymmetries and the helicity fractions of the final state $K^{*}_{2}(1430)$ meson are obtained using the form factors calculated in the light cone sum rules (LCSR) approach. We have utilized the constraints on different fourth generation parameters obtained from the experimental information on $K$, $B$ and $D$ decays and from the electroweak precision data to explore their impact on the $B\rightarrow K_{2}^{\ast}(1430)l^{+}l^{-}$ decay. We find that the values of above mentioned physical observables deviate deviate significantly from their minimal SM predications. We also identify a number of correlations between various observables in $B\rightarrow K_{2}^{\ast}(1430)l^{+}l^{-}$ and $B\rightarrow K^{\ast}(892)l^{+}l^{-}$ decays. Therefore a combined analysis of these two decays will compliment each other in the searches of SM4 effects in flavor physics.Comment: 28 pages, 12 figure

L’impact de la COVID-19 sur les moyens de subsistance et la sécurité alimentaire

English version available in IDRC Digital Library: Impact of COVID-19 on livelihoods and food securitySpanish version available in IDRC Digital Library: Impacto del COVID-19 en los medios de vida y en la seguridad alimentari

El impacto del Covid-19 en los medios de vida y en la seguridad alimentaria

Studies of livelihoods and food systems since the start of the global pandemic in 2020 have shown a consistent pattern: the primary risks to food and livelihood security are at the household level. Covid-19 is having a major impact on households’ production and access to quality, nutritious food, due to losses of income, combined with increasing food prices, and restrictions to movements of people, inputs and products. The studies included in this Research for Policy and Practice Report and supported by the Covid-19 Responses for Equity (CORE) Programme span several continents and are coordinated by leading research organisations with a detailed understanding of local food system dynamics and associated equity and livelihood issues in their regions: (1) the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa; (2) supporting small and medium enterprises, food security, and evolving social protection mechanisms to deal with Covid-19 in Pakistan; and (3) impact of Covid-19 on family farming and food security in Latin America: evidence-based public policy responses.Les études sur les moyens de subsistance et les systèmes alimentaires depuis le début de la pandémie mondiale en 2020 ont montré un schéma constant : les principaux risques pour la sécurité alimentaire et les moyens de subsistance se situent au niveau des ménages. La COVID-19 a un impact important sur la production des ménages et sur l’accès à des aliments nutritifs et de qualité, en raison des pertes de revenus, combinées à l’augmentation des prix des denrées alimentaires, et des restrictions aux mouvements des personnes, des intrants et des produits. Les études comprises dans le Research for Policy and Practice Report et soutenues par le programme Covid-19 Responses for Equity (CORE) du CRDI s’étendent sur plusieurs continents et sont coordonnées par des organismes de recherche de premier plan ayant une compréhension détaillée de la dynamique des systèmes alimentaires locaux et des questions connexes d’équité et de moyens de subsistance dans leurs régions : (1) L’impact de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur les moyens de subsistance en Afrique subsaharienne ; (2) Soutien aux petites et moyennes entreprises, à la sécurité alimentaire et à l’évolution des mécanismes de protection sociale pour faire face à la COVID-19 au Pakistan ; (3) Impact de la COVID-19 sur l’agriculture familiale et la sécurité alimentaire en Amérique latine : interventions de politique publique fondées sur des données probantes.Los estudios de los medios de vida y los sistemas alimentarios desde el comienzo de la pandemia en 2020 han demostrado un patrón uniforme: los riesgos fundamentales para la seguridad alimentaria y los medios de vida se ubican en el ámbito doméstico. El Covid-19 está causando un enorme impacto en la producción y el acceso de los hogares a alimentos nutritivos de calidad debido a la pérdida de ingresos, junto con el aumento en los precios de los alimentos y las restricciones de movimiento de personas, insumos y productos. Los estudios incluidos en este Research for Policy and Practice Report y respaldados por el Programa Covid-19 Responses for Equity (CORE) del IDRC abarcan varios continentes. Además, se encuentran bajo la coordinación de organizaciones líderes en la investigación con un profundo conocimiento de la dinámica del sistema alimentario local y de temas relacionados con la igualdad y los medios de vida en sus regiones: (1) el impacto de la pandemia de Covid-19 en los medios de vida en la zona de África subsahariana; (2) el apoyo de las pequeñas y medianas empresas, la seguridad alimentaria y los cambiantes mecanismos de protección social para hacer frente al Covid-19 en Pakistán; (3) el impacto del Covid-19 en la agricultura familiar y la seguridad alimentaria en América Latina: respuestas fundamentadas de las políticas públicas.International Development Research Centr

Impacto del COVID-19 en los medios de vida y en la seguridad alimentaria

French version available in IDRC Digital Library: L’impact de la COVID-19 sur les moyens de subsistance et la sécurité alimentaireEnglish version available in IDRC Digital Library: Impact of COVID-19 on livelihoods and food securit

Impact of COVID-19 on livelihoods and food security

French version available in IDRC Digital Library: L’impact de la COVID-19 sur les moyens de subsistance et la sécurité alimentaireSpanish version available in IDRC Digital Library: Impacto del COVID-19 en los medios de vida y en la seguridad alimentari

Strengthening Food Security in Pakistan During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Pakistan is facing numerous socioeconomic impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic, including on food security. Food insecurity, which is a long-standing issue, has become more visible since the pandemic. Covid-19 Responses for Equity (CORE) partner the Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) – a leading policy research thinktank – has been supporting the Government of Pakistan to maintain essential economic activity and protect workers and small producers during the pandemic. One notable contribution has been the development of a Food Security Portal, which is being used by the government to better manage food security in the country. It is the first track and trace system from farm to fork for essential food items

Dead on arrival in a low-income country: results from a multicenter study in Pakistan

BACKGROUND: This study assessed the characteristics of dead on arrival (DOA) patients in Pakistan. METHODS: Data about the DOA patients were extracted from Pakistan National Emergency Department Surveillance study (Pak-NEDS). This study recruited all ED patients presenting to seven tertiary care hospitals during a four-month period between November 2010 and March 2011. This study included patients who were declared dead-on-arrival by the ED physician. RESULTS: A total of 1,557 DOA patients (7 per 1,000 visits) were included in the Pak-NEDS. Men accounted for two-thirds (64%) of DOA patients. Those aged 20-49 years accounted for about 46% of DOA patients. Nine percent (n = 72) of patients were brought by ambulance, and most patients presented at a public hospital (80%). About 11% of DOA patients had an injury. Factors significantly associated (p \u3c 0.05) with ambulance use were men (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.72), brought to a private hospital (OR = 2.74), and being injured (aOR = 1.89). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was performed on 6% (n = 42) of patients who received treatment. Those brought to a private hospital were more likely to receive CPR (aOR = 2.81). CONCLUSION: This study noted a higher burden of DOA patients in Pakistan compared to other resourceful settings (about 1 to 2 per 1,000 visits). A large proportion of patients belonging to productive age groups, and the low prevalence of ambulance and CPR use, indicate a need for improving the prehospital care and basic life support training in pakistan

Extensive morphological and behavioural diversity among fourteen new and seven described species in Phytophthora Clade 10 and its evolutionary implications

During extensive surveys of global Phytophthora diversity 14 new species detected in natural ecosystems in Chile, Indonesia, USA (Louisiana), Sweden, Ukraine and Vietnam were assigned to Phytophthora major Clade 10 based on a multigene phylogeny of nine nuclear and three mitochondrial gene regions. Clade 10 now comprises three subclades. Subclades 10a and 10b contain species with nonpapillate sporangia, a range of breeding systems and a mainly soil- and waterborne lifestyle. These include the previously described P. afrocarpa, P. gallica and P. intercalaris and eight of the new species: P. ludoviciana, P. procera, P. pseudogallica, P. scandinavica, P. subarctica, P. tenuimura, P. tonkinensis and P. ukrainensis. In contrast, all species in Subclade 10c have papillate sporangia and are self-fertile (or homothallic) with an aerial lifestyle including the known P. boehmeriae, P. gondwanensis, P. kernoviae and P. morindae and the new species P. celebensis, P. chilensis, P. javanensis, P. multiglobulosa, P. pseudochilensis and P. pseudokernoviae. All new Phytophthora species differed from each other and from related species by their unique combinations of morphological characters, breeding systems, cardinal temperatures and growth rates. The biogeography and evolutionary history of Clade 10 are discussed. We propose that the three subclades originated via the early divergence of pre-Gondwanan ancestors > 175 Mya into water- and soilborne and aerially dispersed lineages and subsequently underwent multiple allopatric and sympatric radiations during their global spread

Epigenetic understanding of gene-environment interactions in psychiatric disorders: a new concept of clinical genetics

Epigenetics is a mechanism that regulates gene expression independently of the underlying DNA sequence, relying instead on the chemical modification of DNA and histone proteins. Although environmental and genetic factors were thought to be independently associated with disorders, several recent lines of evidence suggest that epigenetics bridges these two factors. Epigenetic gene regulation is essential for normal development, thus defects in epigenetics cause various rare congenital diseases. Because epigenetics is a reversible system that can be affected by various environmental factors, such as drugs, nutrition, and mental stress, the epigenetic disorders also include common diseases induced by environmental factors. In this review, we discuss the nature of epigenetic disorders, particularly psychiatric disorders, on the basis of recent findings: 1) susceptibility of the conditions to environmental factors, 2) treatment by taking advantage of their reversible nature, and 3) transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic changes, that is, acquired adaptive epigenetic changes that are passed on to offspring. These recently discovered aspects of epigenetics provide a new concept of clinical genetics