An Overview of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks for the Existing Protocols and Applications

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of two or more devices or nodes or terminals with wireless communications and networking capability that communicate with each other without the aid of any centralized administrator also the wireless nodes that can dynamically form a network to exchange information without using any existing fixed network infrastructure. And it's an autonomous system in which mobile hosts connected by wireless links are free to be dynamically and some time act as routers at the same time, and we discuss in this paper the distinct characteristics of traditional wired networks, including network configuration may change at any time, there is no direction or limit the movement and so on, and thus needed a new optional path Agreement (Routing Protocol) to identify nodes for these actions communicate with each other path, An ideal choice way the agreement should not only be able to find the right path, and the Ad Hoc Network must be able to adapt to changing network of this type at any time. and we talk in details in this paper all the information of Mobile Ad Hoc Network which include the History of ad hoc, wireless ad hoc, wireless mobile approaches and types of mobile ad Hoc networks, and then we present more than 13 types of the routing Ad Hoc Networks protocols have been proposed. In this paper, the more representative of routing protocols, analysis of individual characteristics and advantages and disadvantages to collate and compare, and present the all applications or the Possible Service of Ad Hoc Networks.Comment: 24 Pages, JGraph-Hoc Journa

Multilingualism and Its Impact of Islamic Boarding House Students in an Organized Multilingual Community

This study was derived from multilingual issue where the informants were multilinguals. The gaps found in the previous study were the place and effects of multilingualism. The informants were gathered in one environment that organized with rules and limitations, the informants were not allowed to speak other languages except the language that ruled to use in certain areas, also, the informants originally came from various places and races which mean also different language, habit, and culture. This study was divided become threefold, multilingualism as a core point, language preference as an intermediate point and the effects of multilingualism as an advanced point. The advanced point involved informant’s personal identity and cultural value which adequately explained the multilingualism effect. This study used descriptive qualitative method, interview, and observation to gain the data. The data were in the form of a recording file from 3 informants. The results of the study were also splitted into 3 parts. First, the informants were language learners whose were proven as multilinguals. Second, formal and informal context were determined by boarding house rule and informant’s language choice such as speaking to teacher uses formal context and speaking in bedroom uses informal context. Third, the identity and culture from informant’s latest language affected the original identity and culture. In this case, Informants learnt English, the identity and culture of modernism influenced their original identity and culture, (e.g.) an informant prefered to be Singaporean rather than Javanese. Keywords : Islamic boarding house, multilingualism, identity, culture, language, one environment, rule, habit

Cerebral Abscess in Adult with Atrial Septal Defect and Pulmonary Stenosis

Cerebral Abscess in Adult with Atrial Septal Defect and Pulmonary Stenosi

International Portfolio Diversification Opportunities For Stock Market Investors

Investor Islam dibatasi karena mereka hanya dapat berinvestasi pada produk yang sesuai dengan Syariah,bila dibandingkan dengan investor konvensional yang tidak dibatasi, dengan adanya diversifikasi internesional maka memberikan peluang kepada investor syariah untuk meningkatkan return mereka. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah pendekatan melalui studi literatur. penulis menggunakan sumber penelitian empiris dengan mengumpulkan data dan informasi yang berkaitan International Portfolio Diversification dari Journal International bereputasi, buku dan juga website terpercaya. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat dua model investasi yangbisa diterapkan antara diversifikasi atau Concentrated karena kedua metode tersebut sudah terbukti secara empiris telah menghasilkan return bagi para investor dipasar modal, baik investor yang berpegang dalam prinsip syariah atau tidak. Ahirnya penulis menyimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat literasi investor tentang pasar modal maka semakin tinggi tingkat return yang akan dihasilka

Pemeliharaan Coal Feeder Terhadap Kinerja Pembangkit Listrik Pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) Nagan Raya 2x110 MW

Listrik merupakan sebuah kebutuhan bagi kehidupan di zaman modern ini yang di mana hampir seluruh lini ativitas sehari-hari masyarakat membutuhkan Energi Listrik. Peranan Pembangkit Listrik di Indonesia sangat besar terlebih Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU), Pembangkitan listrik Indonesia mencapai 73.736 megawatt (MW) atau 73,74 gigawatt (GW) hingga November 2021. Salah satu komponen penting dalam proses Pembangkit Listrik di PLTU ialah Coal Feeder. Coal  feeder merupakan peralatan utama pada PLTU yang berfungsi untuk mengatur laju batubara yang dari coal bunker/silo menuju ke mill/pulverizer untuk dihaluskan serta mengatur banyak dan sedikitnya batubara yang masuk ke mill untuk bahan bakar yang digunakan dalam boiler. Untuk menjaga stabilitas listrik di masyarakat tentunya perlu pemeliharaan yang baik pula terkhusus pada komponen Coal Feeder Unit Pembangkit dapat beroperasi dengan baik dan optimal. Kata kunci— Pemeliaharaan Coal Feede

Education Orientation of Pesantren Muhammadiyah in North Sumatra

Muhammadiyah as a big Islamic social organization feels responsible for preparing scholars as the successor of the struggle for Islamic activities in Indonesia. Therefore, the establishment of Pesantren for Muhammadiyah is a necessity. Studies onPesantrenMuhammadiyah in North Sumatra with qualitative metoode get some findings that need to be followed up. PesantrenMuhammadiyah still adopt the existing system of pesantren which has not had its own unique curriculum in creating intellectual clerics

Robust Video Watermarking Based On 3D-DWT Domain.

The digital watermarks have recently been recognized as a solution for protecting the copyright of the digital multimedia

Designing a Binjai City Performing Arts Building with a Tropical Architecture Approach

 Binjai is one of the National Centers for Activities (PKN) and includes in the National Strategic Urban Area of ​​MeBiDangRo. While based on RPI2JM 2015-2019, there are fifteen ethnicities in Binjai. This diversity is undoubtedly a capital in developing its traditional arts and culture. However, based on the GRDP, the arts industry has not yet become a source of income, so this research purposes on how to design a better performing arts building and how to apply tropical architecture to the design as support, facilities, and awards for activists and performing arts enthusiasts as a source of income from the tourism sector. The research stage begins with determining the design location, considering the elements and requirements, collecting data, and analyzing data to produce a design concept. Binjai has a tropical climate, so Binjai Performing Arts Building adapts a tropical architectural approach where thermal comfort, air circulation, and the use of materials are selected properly such as maximizing many openings to support air circulation and lighting, using overstacks and secondary skin as an aesthetic shading, and minimizing solar heat radiation into the building. Moreover, this research produces a proportional design for a Performing Arts Building