Oulun kaupungin yleisten alueiden roska-astiaselvitys : Roska-astioiden sijoittelun ohjeistus ja sijoittelusuunnitelma

Työn tilaaja oli Oulun kaupungin yhdyskunta- ja ympäristöpalveluiden katu- ja viherpalvelut. Yhdyskunta- ja ympäristöpalvelut on Oulun kaupungin asiantuntija- ja tilaajaorganisaatio, joka vastaa muun muassa yleisten viheralueiden kunnossapidon tilaamisesta. Työn tavoitteena oli tehdä roska-astioille uusi, koko Oulun kaupungin laajuinen sijoittelusuunnitelma sekä kehittää ohjeistus astioiden sijoitteluun ja asentamiseen. Vuonna 2012 Oulun kaupungissa oli noin 1400 katu- ja viherpalveluiden vastuulla olevaa roska-astiaa. Koko kaupungin laajuista roska-astioiden sijainnin tarkastelua ei ole koskaan tehty, ja astioiden sijoittelu oli vanhakantaista ja suunnittelematonta. Katu- ja viherpalveluissa kaivattiin työkaluja helpottamaan ja yhdenvertaistamaan roska-astioista saatujen asiakaspalautteiden käsittelyä erityisesti nyt, kun Oulu käy läpi suuren kuntaliitoksen. Haluttiin myös tarjota kuntalaisille tasapuoliset ja kattavat mahdollisuudet yleisten roska-astioiden käyttöön katu- ja viheralueilla ja näin kannustaa ihmisiä vähentämään roskaamista. Työssä on perehdytty tilaaja-tuottaja-toimintatapaan, roskaamista koskevaan lainsäädäntöön ja erilaisiin roskaamista käsitteleviin tutkimuksiin. Tietoa on hankittu myös asiantuntijahaastatteluilla. Sijoittelusuunnitelma on toteutettu AutoCad -suunnitteluohjelmalla, ja suunnittelun tukena on käytetty eri paikkatietopalveluja ja tehty runsaasti maastokäyntejä. Sijoitteluohjeistus on tehty perustuen asukasmäärään, ja siinä on otettu huomioon muun muassa ylläpidollisia näkökulmia sekä esteettömyys. Työn tuloksia olivat vuoden 2012 alueurakka-alueisiin jaetut roska-astioiden sijoittelusuunnitelmakartat sekä nelisivuinen sijoitteluohjeistus. Ohjeistus sisältää tiiviisti rakennetun sijoittelun ohjeistuksen, sijoittelun ja asennuksen pikaohjeen sekä detaljikuvan roska-astioiden asennuskorkeuksista. Sijoittelun ohjeistuksen tavoite oli olla riittävän yksityiskohtainen mutta samalla mahdollisimman laajalle sovellettavissa myös kuntaliitosten jälkeistä uutta Oulua silmällä pitäen. Pikaohje on tarkoitettu helppokäyttöiseksi työkaluksi niin suunnittelijoille kuin roska-astioiden asentajille suunnittelun ohjeistuksen tueksi.This thesis was assigned by the Urban and Environmental Services of the city of Oulu. Urban and Environmental Services act as the public sector organization in public-private-partnership at city of Oulu. It is responsible for, amongst other duties, ordering the maintenance of public green spaces. The objective of this thesis was to create a new placement plan for the public waste containers in Oulu and to develop guidelines for the placement and installation of waste containers. Due to the upcoming major merge of municipalities, Urban and Environmental Services needed tools to deal with the growing amount of customer feedback considering waste containers and to treat all residents equally. The goal was also to provide even possibilities for everyone to use waste containers in public spaces and thus encourage people not to litter. The frame of references consists of literature about public-private-partnership, researches about littering and the legislation considering trash and littering and maintenance of public areas. Information was also collected by expert interviews. The results of this thesis are a new placement plan for waste containers in city of Oulu and a four page guideline for waste container placement planning. The guideline consists of a compact guideline in text form, quick guide for planning and installation and detailed instructions for installation heights of waste containers. The aim for the guideline was to be as detailed as possible but at the same time applicable to the public areas of the other municipalities merging with Oulu. The quick guide includes the main points of the guideline in chart form to support the text formed guideline and to be used by both landscape planners and waste container installers

Future climate change, yield variation, and impacts on farm management: a case study at a pilot regions in Finland

Crop production in northern regions such as in Finland is projected to benefit from longergrowing seasons brought by future climate change. However, production is also facing multiplechallenges under more frequent and extreme weather. More frequent drought stress, heat stressand other environment-related constraints may lead to higher yield variability in different regionsand increase the yield risks faced by farmers. Changes in yield potential and relative profitabilitybetween crops caused by climate change is likely to be different in different regions. The purposeof this paper is to develop a method to evaluate the impacts of adaptation and mitigation optionson farms with different socio-economic characteristics. Both socio-economic and biophysicalfactors affect rational decision-making process at a farm level and production decisions. Based onthe results from carefully chosen climate models under three SRES scenarios, together withdifferent market price scenarios, we attempt to identify how future changes in mean yields andyield variation caused by climate change in two regions in Finland may affect local farm landallocation and farming management practice. We study how management choices such as cropchoice, crop rotation, fertilization, crop protection and liming are affected and if these changesare in synergy or in conflict with mitigation. This study contributes to the development ofintegrated modelling methods needed to assess impacts of global changes on farming systems

Huoltajien osallisuus ja yhteisöllisyys sosiaalisen pääomateorian valossa varhaiskasvatuksen kontekstissa

This paper examines the ways in which parents talk about their participation in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC), and the factors that, according to them, promote parental participation. Although parental participation has been studied to an extent as regards children’s academic attainment, up-to-date knowledge on the broader phenomena related to parental participation is lacking. The data were collected from a Finnish ECEC center that has a long tradition of encouraging parental participation in its operational environment in municipal ECEC center and were analyzed through the Social Capital Index. The results provide targeted knowledge on what tools could perhaps be functional in supporting parental participation. The findings indicate that the feeling of participating and being active is strongly influenced by the feeling of connectedness to and within the ECEC community among parents, children, and ECEC educators. The opportunities, structures, and traditions that enable parental participation are essential.This paper examines the ways in which parents talk about their participation in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC), and the factors that, according to them, promote parental participation. Although parental participation has been studied to an extent as regards children’s academic attainment, up-to-date knowledge on the broader phenomena related to parental participation is lacking. The data were collected from a Finnish ECEC center that has a long tradition of encouraging parental participation in its operational environment in municipal ECEC center and were analyzed through the Social Capital Index. The results provide targeted knowledge on what tools could perhaps be functional in supporting parental participation. The findings indicate that the feeling of participating and being active is strongly influenced by the feeling of connectedness to and within the ECEC community among parents, children, and ECEC educators. The opportunities, structures, and traditions that enable parental participation are essential.Peer reviewe

Peltojen peruskunnon parantamisen kannattavuus : Riittääkö takaisinmaksuaika?

Esitelmä201

Educators’ views on parents’ participation on three different identified levels

Ongoing discussions emphasize parents’ participation as a pivotal element of early childhood education. In this paper, we will discuss the challenges to supporting parents’ participation in Finnish day care centres. The article is based on the qualitative inquiry (2011) about parents’ and staff participation in the metropolitan area day care centres. The participants were 1,588 working teams representing 5,262 employees. The questionnaire was returned by 77.6% of the intended population. The results showed, there were roughly three different respondent groups. Most of them listed different matters in which parents could not participate, but they thought that there were also some areas, in which parents could participate more than they do today. Some of the respondents had a broader view on those issues, and they thought that it is possible to support parents participating in the day care centre. Indeed, some of the respondents thought that if parents came along to the activities in the day care centres, it would complicate and disturb the work of professionals. The different attitudes concerning how educator`s view their selves in relation to the parents become apparent and three different groups were identified: the Professional standpoint, Customer standpoint, and Partnership standpoint

Endogenising yield development through management and crop rotation decisions in dynamic farm level modeling

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