The Old Bailey proceedings and the representation of crime and criminal justice in eighteenth-century London

The Proceedings of the Old Bailey, published accounts of felony trials held at London’s central criminal court, were a remarkable publishing phenomenon. First published in 1674, they quickly became a regular periodical, with editions published eight times a year following each session of the court. Despite the huge number of trial reports (some 50,000 in the eighteenth century), the Proceedings, also known as the “Sessions Papers”, have formed the basis of several important studies in social history, dating back to Dorothy George’s seminal London Life in the Eighteenth Century (1925). Their recent publication online, however, has not only made them more widely available, but also changed the way historians consult them, leading to greater use of both quantitative analysis, using the statistics function, and qualitative examination of their language, through keyword searching. In the context of recent renewed interest in the history of crime and criminal justice, for which this is the most important source available in this period, the growing use of the Proceedings raises questions about their reliability, and, by extension, the motivations for their original publication. Historians generally consider the Proceedings to present accurate, if often incomplete, accounts of courtroom proceedings. From this source, along with manuscript judicial records, criminal biographies (including the Ordinary’s Accounts), polemical pamphlets such as Henry Fielding’s Enquiry into the Causes of the Late Increase of Robbers (1751), and of course the satirical prints of William Hogarth, they have constructed a picture of eighteenth-century London as a city overwhelmed by periodic crime waves and of a policing and judicial system which was forced into wide-ranging reforms in order to meet this challenge

Alien Registration- Purney, Gordon (Westbrook, Cumberland County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/20154/thumbnail.jp

Alien Registration- Purney, Gordon (Westbrook, Cumberland County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/20154/thumbnail.jp

The ordinary of Newgate's, [electronic resource] : account of the Behaviour, Confession, and last Dying Speech of Matthias Brinsden, Who was Executed at Tyburn, On Monday, the 24th of September, 1722. For the Murther of his Wife Hannah Brinsden, On the 16th Day of July, last, in the Parish of St. Anne, Black-Fryars. Omitted in the Common Account of the Dying Speech, for want of Room, and the largeness of this Account. To which is added, the Paper deliver'd by Tho. Wilson, after the Morning Sermon, the Day before their Execution.

Signed at the end: Tho. Puyney, ordinary and chaplain, i.e. Thomas Purney.Electronic reproduction.English Short Title Catalog,Reproduction of original from British Library

Poractant alfa versus bovine lipid extract surfactant for infants 24+0 to 31+6 weeks gestational age: A randomized controlled trial

<div><p>Objectives</p><p>To compare the efficacy and safety of poractant alfa and bovine lipid extract surfactant in preterm infants.</p><p>Study design</p><p>Randomized, partially-blinded, multicenter trial. Infants <32 weeks needing surfactant before 48 hours were randomly assigned to receive poractant alfa or bovine lipid extract surfactant. The primary outcome was being alive and extubated at 48 hours post-randomization. Secondary outcomes included need for re-dosing, duration of respiratory support and oxygen, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, mortality and complications during administration.</p><p>Results</p><p>Three centers recruited 87 infants (mean 26.7 weeks and 906 grams) at a mean age of 5.9 hours, between March 2013 and December 2015. 21/42 (50%) were alive and extubated at 48 hours in the poractant alfa group vs 26/45 (57.8%) in the bovine lipid extract surfactant group; adjusted OR 0.76 (95% CI 0.30–1.93) (p = 0.56). No differences were observed in the need to re-dose. Duration of oxygen support (41.5 vs 62 days; adjusted OR 1.69 95% CI 1.02–2.80; p = 0.04) was reduced in infants who received poractant alfa. We observed a trend in bronchopulmonary dysplasia among survivors (51.5% vs 72.1%; adjusted OR 0.35 95%CI 0.12–1.04; p = 0.06) favoring poractant alfa. Twelve infants died before discharge, 9 in the poractant alfa group and 3 in the bovine lung extract group. Severe airway obstruction following administration was observed in 0 (poractant alfa) and 5 (bovine lipid extract surfactant) infants (adjusted OR 0.09 95%CI <0.01–1.27; p = 0.07).</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>No statistically significant difference was observed in the proportion of infants alive and extubated within 48h between the two study groups. Poractant alfa may be more beneficial and associated with fewer complications than bovine lipid extract surfactant. However, we observed a trend towards higher mortality in the poractant alfa group. Larger studies are needed to determine whether observed possible benefits translate in shorter hospital admissions, or other long term benefits and determine whether there is a difference in mortality.</p></div

Baseline characteristics.

<p>Baseline characteristics.</p

Adverse events.

<p>Adverse events.</p

Deaths during study.

<p>Deaths during study.</p