A rare case of CNS tuberculosis with pregnancy

Whereas pelvic tuberculosis leading to infertility is quite common in female population of developing countries, Central Nervous System (CNS) tuberculosis (TB) with pregnancy is a rare entity. Most of the information on this subject is based on sporadic case reports only. Most of the earlier reports suggest very high adverse outcome of CNS Tuberculosis in pregnancy. We are presenting a case of CNS Tuberculosis which was diagnosed timely and managed appropriately in our institute with a favourable outcome, thus highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment

Factors Promoting the Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in Heis of India and its Impact on Millennials’ Education

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the steps taken by HEIs after the announcement of the startup India campaign by the government in 2015. This research paper will highlight the factors which are responsible to establish an entrepreneurial ecosystem by providing the right education in HEIs f India.   Theoretical framework: Entrepreneurship in educational institutions has increased significantly due to Government’s efforts through the national innovation start-up policy which is not only supporting buddy entrepreneurs but also opening avenues for faculty members. This research paper will highlight the factors which are responsible to establish an entrepreneurial ecosystem by providing the right education in HEIs of India.   Design/methodology/approach: The data has been collected from HEIs of Delhi NCR, India and the same is analysed and interpreted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software by considering two variables Ecosystem and Education in the Entrepreneurial context. This paper attempts to fill this gap in current research and highlight the role of HEIs in nurturing and shaping future entrepreneurs in India.   Findings: The results through in-person interviews demonstrated that students have a strong willingness to explore this subject however HEIs need to design the right curriculum for better outcomes to nurture buddy entrepreneurs. The result of data analysis shows there exists a significant relationship between education, entrepreneurial ecosystem and career aspirations.   Research, Practical & Social implications: The study suggested that HEIs should have a detailed profile of students’ backgrounds which enables them to design the right strategy for establishing an entrepreneurial ecosystem.   Originality/value: The value of the study is the analysis of the willingness of students towards entrepreneurship as a career and the preparation of HEIs in the implementation of entrepreneurship education. There is an utmost need to design a curriculum by understanding the need of students which can enhance not only their knowledge, skills and abilities but their experience in the world of entrepreneurship

ROLE OF TERMINALIA ARJUNA IN ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE (HRIDAROGA): A REVIEW

Now days, life is becoming very stressful and fast. As many diseases originate due to this hectic lifestyle. One of the important disease is Hridaroga (Ischemic heart disease), which is responsible for many deaths in early age. In Ayurveda, Hridaroga & their symptoms are described in many textbooks. Management of Hridaroga is also very critical and important. In modern medicine, only expensive interventional procedures are described but on the other hand, Ayurvedic herbs are better, cost effective & good therapeutic option for IHD (Hridaroga). The review emphasizes on various properties of Terminalia arjuna. Many clinical & animal studies on T.arjuna show its effect on ECG changes, LV functions & myocardial ischaemic reperfusion injury-etc. Besides this it also has antiatherosclerotic, anticoagulant, anti-infarction, hypolipidemic & hypotensive properties. So, Ayurvedic drug (T. arjuna) is a better option for the treatment of IHD (Hridaroga) because it can improve the quality of life in individuals & potentially save millions of lives

Recent trends in the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of urinary pathogens in type II diabetes mellitus

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most frequently encountered diseases in clinical practice and since the diabetic patients are at an increased risk of infections specially those of the urinary tract it is imperative for a physician to be aware of the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of urinary pathogens. Thus, in this study we assess the recent trends in antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of urinary pathogens in type II diabetes mellitus.Methods: Ninety-three eligible type II diabetes mellitus cases without genitourinary symptoms or abnormalities along with 93 non-diabetic healthy controls were recruited. Mid-stream urine was collected after taking informed consent and each sample tested using the dipstick, microscopy and culture techniques. Isolates were identified using standard biochemical tests.Results: Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in our study was found to be 34.4% among cases of type II diabetes mellitus while it was 6.45% among non-diabetic healthy controls. E. coli was the most common urinary pathogen isolated. E. coli susceptibility towards amikacin was 85.71%, towards ceftriaxone and nitrofurantoin was 71.73% and for meropenem and doxycycline 66.67% susceptibility was observed. In the one case where pseudomonas was cultured, it was susceptible to meropenem, gentamycin, cefoperazone-sulbactum and cefuroxime. In an isolated case where Proteus species was grown, it showed susceptibility to meropenem, norfloxacin, levofloxacin and co-trimoxazole. Enterobacter species which was grown, showed susceptibility to meropenem, vancomycin, amikacin, nitrofurantoin, norfloxacin, levofloxacin and co-trimoxazole. Gram positive bacteria mainly showed susceptibility to ceftriaxone, teicoplanin, vancomycin and doxycycline.Conclusions: The prevalence of bacteriuria is significantly higher in diabetics as compared to non-diabetics and with the recent trends suggestive of emerging resistance among urinary pathogens to some of the commonly used anti-microbials it is of utmost importance to carry out regular surveillance of bacterial profile and their anti-microbial susceptibilities to formulate updated guidelines for effectively treating urinary infections in diabetic patients

The anti-inflammatory effects of Curcuma longa and Berberis aristata in endotoxin-induced uveitis in rabbits

Purpose. To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of topical application of Curcuma longa (C. longa) and Berberis aristata (B. aristata) aqueous extracts on experimental uveitis in the rabbit. Methods. Anterior uveitis was induced in rabbits by intravitreal injection of lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli after pretreatment with C. longa and B. aristata aqueous extracts. Subsequently, the anti-inflammatory activity of C. longa and B. aristata was evaluated by grading the clinical signs and histopathologic changes and estimating the inflammatory cell count, protein, and TNF-α levels in the aqueous humor. Results. The anterior segment inflammation in the control group was significantly higher than in both the extract-treated groups, as observed by clinical and histopathologic grading. The inflammatory cell count in the control group was 30.75 ± 7.33 × 105 cells/mL, whereas it was 2.39 ± 0.59 × 105 (P < 0.001 vs. control) and 11.56 ± 2.44 × 105 (P = 0.001 vs. control) cells/mL in the C. longa– and B. aristata–treated groups, respectively. The protein content of the aqueous humor was 18.14 ± 4.98, 3.16 ± 0.55 (P < 0.001 vs. control), and 8.24 ± 1.42 (P < 0.01 vs. control) mg/mL in the control, C. longa–, and B. aristata–treated groups, respectively. The aqueous TNF-α level in the control group was 976.29 ± 66.38 pg/mL and was 311.96 ± 28.50 (P < 0.0001 vs. control) and 654.09 ± 47.66 (P < 0.001vs. control) pg/mL in the C. longa– and B. aristata–treated groups, respectively. Conclusions. Topical instillation of aqueous extracts of C. longa and B. aristata showed potent anti-inflammatory activity against endotoxin-induced uveitis in rabbits

Cyclic Peptides Acting as Allosteric Inhibitors of Human Thymidylate Synthase and Cancer Cell Growth

Thymidylate synthase (TS) is a prominent drug target for different cancer types. However, the prolonged use of its classical inhibitors, substrate analogs that bind at the active site, leads to TS overexpression and drug resistance in the clinic. In the effort to identify anti-TS drugs with new modes of action and able to overcome platinum drug resistance in ovarian cancer, octapeptides with a new allosteric inhibition mechanism were identified as cancer cell growth inhibitors that do not cause TS overexpression. To improve the biological properties, 10 cyclic peptides (cPs) were designed from the lead peptides and synthesized. The cPs were screened for the ability to inhibit recombinant human thymidylate synthase (hTS), and peptide 7 was found to act as an allosteric inhibitor more potent than its parent open-chain peptide [Pro3]LR. In cytotoxicity studies on three human ovarian cancer cell lines, IGROV-1, A2780, and A2780/CP, peptide 5 and two other cPs, including 7, showed IC50 values comparable with those of the reference drug 5-fluorouracil, of the open-chain peptide [d-Gln4]LR, and of another seven prolyl derivatives of the lead peptide LR. These promising results indicate cP 7 as a possible lead compound to be chemically modified with the aim of improving both allosteric TS inhibitory activity and anticancer effectiveness

A Prospective Study To Evaluate Medical Management Vs Surgical Intervention In Pain Relief And Healing Of Anal Fissure

Introduction: Anal fissure is a commonly encountered problem for surgeons. It is a longitudinal tear in distal anal canal with or without an ulcer. It causes significant changes in quality of life. This study was done to compare the efficacy of medical management and surgical intervention in cases of anal fissures. Methods: 50 patients were divided into two groups of 25 each. Group A patients were treated with topical application of 2% diltiazem gel and Group B patients were treated with Lateral sphincterotomy. Both groups were examined weekly for 4 weeks for pain using VAS score and at 12 weeks for healing. Results: 21(84%) patients were pain free after 4 weeks under Group A, 24 (96%) patients were pain free after 4 weeks under Group B. 22(88%) patients were completely healed at 12 weeks under Group A, 25(100%) patients were completely healed at 12 weeks under Group B. Conclusion: Lateral sphincterotomy can be advocated as treatment of choice for anal fissures. It has better pain relief and healing rates compared to topical application of 2% diltiazem gel. Medical Management can be used in patients refusing surgery or unfit for surger

Deep Learning Paradigm for Cardiovascular Disease/Stroke Risk Stratification in Parkinson’s Disease Affected by COVID‐19: A Narrative Review

Background and Motivation: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most serious, non-curable, and expensive to treat. Recently, machine learning (ML) has shown to be able to predict cardiovascular/stroke risk in PD patients. The presence of COVID‐19 causes the ML systems to be-come severely non‐linear and poses challenges in cardiovascular/stroke risk stratification. Further, due to comorbidity, sample size constraints, and poor scientific and clinical validation techniques, there have been no well‐explained ML paradigms. Deep neural networks are powerful learning machines that generalize non‐linear conditions. This study presents a novel investigation of deep learning (DL) solutions for CVD/stroke risk prediction in PD patients affected by the COVID‐19 framework. Method: The PRISMA search strategy was used for the selection of 292 studies closely associated with the effect of PD on CVD risk in the COVID‐19 framework. We study the hypothesis that PD in the presence of COVID‐19 can cause more harm to the heart and brain than in non‐ COVID‐19 conditions. COVID‐19 lung damage severity can be used as a covariate during DL training model designs. We, therefore, propose a DL model for the estimation of, (i) COVID‐19 lesions in computed tomography (CT) scans and (ii) combining the covariates of PD, COVID‐19 lesions, office and laboratory arterial atherosclerotic image‐based biomarkers, and medicine usage for the PD patients for the design of DL point‐based models for CVD/stroke risk stratification. Results: We validated the feasibility of CVD/stroke risk stratification in PD patients in the presence of a COVID‐ 19 environment and this was also verified. DL architectures like long short‐term memory (LSTM), and recurrent neural network (RNN) were studied for CVD/stroke risk stratification showing powerful designs. Lastly, we examined the artificial intelligence bias and provided recommendations for early detection of CVD/stroke in PD patients in the presence of COVID‐19. Conclusion: The DL is a very powerful tool for predicting CVD/stroke risk in PD patients affected by COVID‐19. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland