ASPECTE PRIVIND POLUAREA ŞI PROTECŢIA APELOR DE SUPRAFAŢĂ ÎN BAZINUL SOMEŞ

The paper presents the results of a study regarding the observation and the control of the pollution impact over the animate being community in the Someş basin. Within the study there have been comparative analyzed, at different time elements, the main aquatic biocenoza components in different collecting points on the rivers, up and down the pollution sources. The investigations comprised chemical analysis of the sediments and vegetal and animal tissues, bacteriologic water analysis, the determination of the development and the primary productivity dynamics of the phytoplankton, the taxonomic and ecologic evaluation of the ihtiofauna and of the macrofite

Stability of Cave Phosphates: Case Study from Liliecilor Cave (Trascău Mountains, Romania)

In this paper we emphasize some of the variables that control the precipitation of one phosphate species over another in caves. We have explored the effects of humidity, pH, available cations, and position within the guano deposit. Forty-nine samples were collected from walls, paleokarst infilling, fallen limestone blocks, and sediment in a cave that hosts a bat colony; thirteen of these were collected at 15 cm intervals in a profile dug in the thickest part of the sedimentary deposit (ca. 2 m). Measurements for pH and moisture were carried out, together with subsequent X-ray diffraction analyses. Additionally, S stable isotopic ratios in 8 gypsum samples were measured and found to be comparable to values in igneous rocks in the area. The phosphate assemblage is composed of hydroxylapatite, brushite, ardealite, taranakite, monetite and whitlockite, accompanied by calcite and gypsum. Bedrock-derived and allochthonous minerals are represented by quartz, muscovite, several clay minerals, hematite, and ulvöspinel. The amorphous material content decreases from the top of the sediment deposit toward its bottom, consistent with increasing decay of organic mater and uptake of compounds into newly formed mineral phases. Moisture in the sediment is positively correlated with depth and inversely correlated with pH, with some of the phosphates showing no pH or moisture preference (e.g., hydroxylapatite), whereas others (e.g., brushite and taranakite) cluster around relatively well defined boundaries

Data from: The diverse dietary profiles of MIS 3 cave bears from the Romanian Carpathians: insights from stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analysis

Late Pleistocene European cave bears (Ursus spelaeus) have been considered to be largely vegetarian, although stable isotope data (δ13C and δ15N values) from the Romanian Carpathians has suggested considerable dietary variation. Here we evaluate previous and additional adult cave bear isotopic data from four Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3) sites in the Carpathians. Peştera Urşilor (N = 35), Peştera Cioclovina (N = 32), Peştera Muierilor (N = 8), and Peştera cu Oase (N = 72) provide both a dichotomy between samples suggesting vegetarian diets (from Cioclovina and Muierilor) and more omnivorous diets (from Urşilor and Oase), and considerable isotopic variation within samples from each site. While an inference of a strictly vegetarian diet may apply to groups that lived in ecosystems which restricted the available animal protein for these large ursids, the within and between sample isotopic variation among the Carpathian cave bears indicates considerable flexibility in their sources of protein and hence in their dietary regimes. In addition, developmental assessment of Cioclovina isotopic profiles (neonates, juveniles, sub-adults and adults) provides patterns of transfer of stable isotope signatures throughout immature life for both δ13C and δ15N (increase and decrease, respectively), whereas those from Urşilor show little developmental shift

Data from: The diverse dietary profiles of MIS 3 cave bears from the Romanian Carpathians: insights from stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analysis

Late Pleistocene European cave bears (Ursus spelaeus) have been considered to be largely vegetarian, although stable isotope data (δ13C and δ15N values) from the Romanian Carpathians has suggested considerable dietary variation. Here we evaluate previous and additional adult cave bear isotopic data from four Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3) sites in the Carpathians. Peştera Urşilor (N = 35), Peştera Cioclovina (N = 32), Peştera Muierilor (N = 8), and Peştera cu Oase (N = 72) provide both a dichotomy between samples suggesting vegetarian diets (from Cioclovina and Muierilor) and more omnivorous diets (from Urşilor and Oase), and considerable isotopic variation within samples from each site. While an inference of a strictly vegetarian diet may apply to groups that lived in ecosystems which restricted the available animal protein for these large ursids, the within and between sample isotopic variation among the Carpathian cave bears indicates considerable flexibility in their sources of protein and hence in their dietary regimes. In addition, developmental assessment of Cioclovina isotopic profiles (neonates, juveniles, sub-adults and adults) provides patterns of transfer of stable isotope signatures throughout immature life for both δ13C and δ15N (increase and decrease, respectively), whereas those from Urşilor show little developmental shift

RO Cave Bear Isotopes SI

Table S1. Romanian/Carpathian MIS 3 cave bear and large-bodied mammals carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotope samples and results. Table S2. Sites providing comparative European data, all central and western European except Sunghir. The number for each species indicates the sample size for that species providing stable isotopic data from the site employed in the comparison