Wind Energy Conversion System Connected With Grid Using Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG)

ABSTRACT-This paper deals with permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based wind energy conversion system (WECS) integrated with grid with two back to back connected converters with a common DC link. The aim of this research is to model control of direct driven 1.5 MW wind turbine permanent magnetic synchronous generator (PMSG) which feeds alternating current (AC) power to the utility grid .The machine side converter is used to extract maximum power from the wind. In this paper a study of WECS is done by using a constant speed direct-driven wind turbine in Matlab. Moreover, by maintaining the dc link voltage at its reference value, the output ac voltage of the inverter can be kept constant irrespective of variations in the wind speed and load. An effective control techniques to extract maximum power from wind turbine is maximum power point tracking controller (MPPT), grid side controller also called voltage controller, pitch controller, phase lock loop controller (PLL) also used in this project, transformer used for isolation purpose, crow bar circuit used for protection the whole system. KEYWORDS-Permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG), wind energy conversion system(WECS), back to back PWM converter IGBT based, DC link capacitor, Direct-Driven, MPPT controller, PLL loop, generator side converter control, grid side converter control, pitch controller, crow bar protection and transformer

Comparative Study between Conventional PID and Fuzzy Logic Controller for a Current Controlled D.C. Drive Using MATLAB/Simulink

ABSTRACT: This paper describes a closed loop model of a current controlled PMDC motor drive with two controller FUZZY & PID separately, then comparison of the effect on output parameters for this two different controller is established. The differences between the output speed of PMDC motor & a preset reference speed is fed as an error signal to the controller of the system. The output of the speed controller (actuating signal) controls the duty cycle of converter and hence controls the converter output. Through this controlled converter output, required voltage gets injected into the motor. A small change in the injected voltage can cause a large change in the motor current and hence leading to a particular drive control feature. In the past few years Fuzzy Logic became a very much popular choice of controller for feedback control of various industrial systems. Fuzzy logic control is much closer in spirit to human thinking and logical reasoning than conventional controller like PID or PI. Recent study shows that this type of controller (FUZZY) provides better settling time, low peak overshoot and less percent of steady state error in overall system output which leads to better stability of overall system. In this Paper, a performance analysis of the conventional PID controller and fuzzy logic controller has been done by the use of MATLAB. . Depending on the armature voltage control method simulink model of a current mode buck-type dc chopper-fed permanent-magnet (PM) dc motor drive with proportional controller in its feedback loop is realized [3][4] . But the importance of PID controllers in process industry cannot be overemphasized because although some modern controllers like FUZZY got popularity, the majority of the industrial controllers use PID or modified PID control schemes KEYWORDS

Nonlinear Dynamics of a Current Controlled D.C. Drive with PID Controller

ABSTRACT: This paper describes a closed loop model of a current controlled PMDC motor drive with PID Controller. The output speed of the PMDC motor is compared with a preset reference speed. The differences between these two signals are fed as an error signal to the PID controller of the system. The output of the speed controller is the actuating signal that controls the duty cycle of converter and hence controls the converter output. Through this controlled converter output, required voltage gets injected into the motor to bring it back to its desired speed. As a small change in the input voltage can cause a large change in the motor current and lead to a particular drive control feature. I. RELATED WORK PM motor drives have been a topic of interest for the last twenty years. Different authors have carried out modeling and simulation of such drives. The three most common speed control methods of a dc motor are field resistance control, armature voltage control, and armature resistance control II. INTRODUCTION Developments of high performance motor drives are very essential for industrial applications. A high performance motor drive system must have good dynamic speed command tracking and load regulating response. DC motors provide excellent control of speed for acceleration and deceleration and chopper fed permanent magnet PMDC motor allows precise voltage control, which is necessary for speed and torque control applications. DC drives, because of their simplicity, ease of application, reliability and favourable cost have long been a backbone of industrial applications. DC drives are less complex as compared to AC drives system. DC drives are normally less expensive for low horsepower ratings. DC motors have a long tradition of being used as adjustable speed machines and a wide range of options have evolved for this purpose. Cooling blowers and inlet air flanges provide cooling air for a wide speed range at constant torque. PMDC motors are conveniently portable and well fit to special applications, like industrial equipments and machineries that are not easily run from remote power sources. PMDC motor is considered a SISO (Single Input and Single Output) system having torque/speed characteristics compatible with most mechanical loads. This makes a PMDC motor controllable over a wide range of speeds by proper adjustment of the terminal voltage using various innovative design and control technique

Pseudorapidity densities of charged particles with transverse momentum thresholds in pp collisions at √ s = 5.02 and 13 TeV

The pseudorapidity density of charged particles with minimum transverse momentum (pT) thresholds of 0.15, 0.5, 1, and 2 GeV/c is measured in pp collisions at the center of mass energies of √s=5.02 and 13 TeV with the ALICE detector. The study is carried out for inelastic collisions with at least one primary charged particle having a pseudorapidity (η) within 0.8pT larger than the corresponding threshold. In addition, measurements without pT-thresholds are performed for inelastic and nonsingle-diffractive events as well as for inelastic events with at least one charged particle having |η|2GeV/c), highlighting the importance of such measurements for tuning event generators. The new measurements agree within uncertainties with results from the ATLAS and CMS experiments obtained at √s=13TeV.