A Multiscale model validated on local current measurements for understanding the solid oxide cells performances

International audienceA physical-based model has been developed and validated to unravel the complex relationships between the global solid oxide cells response and the reaction mechanisms taking place in the electrodes. This numerical tool combines three length-scales modules from the electrode microstructure up to the single repeat unit. This model allows computing the local distribution of reaction kinetic rates, current densities, and gas composition as function of the cell operating conditions. To validate the multiscale model, a special experimental setup has been developed to measure the local polarization curves along the cell length. For this purpose, a specific design of the interconnect has been proposed in order to probe the local current density on standard cells. A good agreement has been found between the experimental and simulated data for different operating conditions. The fully validated model has been used to analyze the cell operation in electrolysis and fuel cell modes. The activated reaction pathways associated with the elementary steps in the active layers have been investigated depending on the position along the cell length

Effets de la morphologie sur les paramètres spatio-temporels du cycle de nage dans une épreuve de sprint en crawl chez les jeunes nageurs.

National audienceno abstrac

Inflammatory cytokines and metabolic responses to high-intensity intermittent training: Effect of the exercise intensity

International audienceTo examine the effects of two high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) programs of varying intensities (100% vs. 110% of maximal aerobic velocity [MAV]) on metabolic, hormonal and inflammatory markers in young men. Thirty-seven active male volunteers were randomly assigned into: HIIT experimental groups (100% MAV [EG100, n = 9] and 110% MAV [EG110, n = 9]) and a control groups (CG100, n = 9 and CG110, n = 9). Particpants performed high intesity intermittent exercise test (HIIE) at 100% or 110% MAV. Venous blood samples were obtained before, at the end of HIIE and at 15 min of recovery, and before and after 8 weeks of HIIT programs. After training, Glucose was lower (p andlt; 0.01) in EG100 (d = 0.72) and EG110 (d = 1.20) at the end of HIIE, and at 15 min recovery only in EG110 (d = 0.95). After training, Insulin and Cortisol were lower than before training in EG100 and EG110 at the end of HIIE (p andlt; 0.001). After HIIT, IL-6 deceased (p andlt; 0.001) in EG100 (d = 1.43) and EG110 (d = 1.56) at rest, at the end of HIIE (d = 1.03; d = 1.75, respectively) and at 15 min of recovery (d = 0.88;d = 1.7, respectively). This decrease was more robust (p andlt; 0.05) in EG110 compared to EG100. After HIIT, TNF-α deceased (p andlt; 0.001) in EG100 (d = 1.43) and EG110 (d = 0.60) at rest, at the end of HIIE (0.71 andlt; d andlt; 0.98) and at 15 min of recovery (0.70 andlt; d andlt; 2.78). HIIT with 110% MAV is more effective in young males on the improvements of some metabolic (Glucose), hormonal (Cortisol) and inflammatory (IL-6) markers at rest, at the end of HIIE and 15 min of recovery than training at 100% MAV. © 2022 Institute of Sport. All rights reserved

Polarity reversal primes cell scattering during epithelial to mesenchymal transition

Polarity reversal primes cell scattering during epithelial to mesenchymal transition. 2015 Cell Biology ASCB annual meetin

Les nouveaux modes de planification de la famille en Europe

Les changements qui ont affecté les comportements familiaux et reproducteurs en Europe au cours des 30 dernières années sont d’une telle importance que certains observateurs ont parlé d’une “seconde transition démographique”. Même si cette appellation est controversée, elle a le mérite de suggérer qu’une coupure au moins qualitative s’est opérée à partir des années 60. On ne présentera pas ici dans le détail l’ensemble des données disponibles sur l’évolution démographique dans les divers pays européens : des synthèses en sont proposées périodiquement, auxquelles le lecteur pourra se reporter utilement (par exemple: Blum et Rallu, 1993; Coleman, 1996; Commission européenne, 1995; Conseil de l’Europe, 1998; Eurostat, 1997; Monnier, 1998). Retenons seulement quelques chiffres pour illustrer, dans le domaine qui nous intéresse ici, les grandes tendances

Tradition et nouveauté à l’époque hellénistique

L’originalité, cette nouveauté par rapport à la tradition, est un leitmotiv de la littérature hellénistique qui sera par la suite adopté par les écrivains romains. Il semble que l’on ait accordé une importance plus nette à l’innovation littéraire dans le milieu de plus en plus livresque de l’époque hellénistique. Les articles réunis dans le présent numéro explorent de différents points de vue la thématique de la nouveauté et de la tradition chez des auteurs hellénistiques, ainsi que la réception de la littérature et de l’art hellénistiques, à titre de symbole de la nouveauté, à l’ère impériale. Originality, that is some kind of novelty in relation to tradition, is a leitmotiv in Hellenistic literature which was later adopted by Roman writers. An always greater importance seems to have been accorded to literary innovation in the more and more bookish milieu of the Hellenistic period. The papers in this issue explore the themes of novelty and tradition among Hellenistic authors from different points of view, as well as the reception of Hellenistic literature and art as a symbol of novelty, during the imperial era. L’originalità (che è la novità sulla tradizione) è un leitmotiv della letteratura ellenistica, che sarà successivamente adottata dagli scrittori romani. Sembra che abbiamo posto maggiore importanza per l'innovazione letteraria nella cultura sempre più libresca del periodo ellenistico. Gli articoli di questo numero esplorano secondo diversi punti di vista il tema dell' innovazione e della tradizione in alcuni autori ellenistici e di ricezione della letteratura e dell'arte ellenistica, come simbolo del nuovo, all'epoca imperiale