Secuenciación dinámica de sistemas de fabricación flexible mediante aprendizaje automático: análisis de los principales sistemas de secuenciación existentes

Una forma habitual de secuenciar de modo dinámico los trabajos en los sistemas de fabricación es mediante el empleo de reglas de secuenciación. Sin embargo, el problema que presenta este método es que el comportamiento del sistema de fabricación dependerá de su estado, y no existe una regla que supere a las demás en todos los posibles estados que puede presentar el sistema de fabricación. Por lo tanto, sería interesante usar en cada momento la regla más adecuada. Para lograr este objetivo, se pueden utilizar sistemas de secuenciación que emplean aprendizaje automático que permiten, analizando el comportamiento previo del sistema de fabricación (ejemplos de entrenamiento), obtener el conocimiento necesario para determinar la regla de secuenciación más apropiada en cada instante. En el presente trabajo se realiza una revisión de los principales sistemas de secuenciación existentes en la literatura que utilizan aprendizaje automático para variar de forma dinámica la regla de secuenciación empleada en cada momento

The Product of the Saccharomyces Cerevisiae RSS1 Gene, Identified as a High-Copy Suppressor of the Rat7-1 Temperature-Sensitive Allele of the RAT7/NUP159 Nucleoporin, is Required for Efficient mRNA Export

RAT7/NUP159 was identified previously in a screen for genes whose products are important for nucleocytoplasmic export of poly(A)+ RNA and encodes an essential nucleoporin. We report here the identification of RSS1 (Rat Seven Suppressor) as a high-copy extragenic suppressor of the rat7-1 temperature-sensitive allele. Rss1p encodes a novel essential protein of 538 amino acids, which contains an extended predicted coiled-coil domain and is located both at nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) and in the cytoplasm. RSS1 is the first reported high-copy extragenic suppressor of a mutant nucleoporin. Overexpression of Rss1p partially suppresses the defects in nucleocytoplasmic export of poly(A)+ RNA, rRNA synthesis and processing, and nucleolar morphology seen in rat7-1 cells shifted to the nonpermissive temperature of 37 degrees C and, thus, restores these processes to levels adequate for growth at a rate approximately one-half that of wild-type cells. After a shift to 37 degrees C, the mutant Rat7-1p/Nup159-1p is lost from the nuclear rim of rat7-1 cells and NPCs, which are clustered together in these cells grown under permissive conditions become substantially less clustered. Overexpression of Rss1p did not result in retention of the mutant Rat7-1p/Nup159-1p in NPCs, but it did result in partial maintenance of the NPC-clustering phenotype seen in mutant cells. Depletion of Rss1p by placing the RSS1 open reading frame (ORF) under control of the GAL1 promoter led to cessation of growth and nuclear accumulation of poly(A)+ RNA without affecting nuclear protein import or nuclear pore complex distribution, suggesting that RSS1 is directly involved in mRNA export. Because both rat7-1 cells and cells depleted for Rss1p are defective in mRNA export, our data are consistent with both gene products playing essential roles in the process of mRNA export and suggest that Rss1p overexpression suppresses the growth defect of rat7-1 cells at 37 degrees C by acting to maintain mRNA export

Effects of Aging and Anatomic Location on Gene Expression in Human Retina

Objective: To determine the effects of age and topographic location on gene expression in human neural retina. Methods: Macular and peripheral neural retina RNA was isolated from human donor eyes for DNA microarray and quantitative RT-PCR analyses. Results: Total RNA integrity from human donors was preserved. Hierarchical clustering analysis demonstrates that the gene expression profiles of young, old, macula, and peripheral retina cluster into four distinct groups. Genes which are highly expressed in macular, peripheral, young, or old retina were identified, including inhibitors of Wnt Signaling Pathway (DKK1, FZD10, and SFRP2) which are preferably expressed in the periphery. Conclusion: The transcriptome of the human retina is affected by age and topographic location. Wnt pathway inhibitors in the periphery may maintain peripheral retinal cells in an undifferentiated state. Understanding the effects of age and topographic location on gene expression may lead to the development of new therapeutic interventions for age-related eye diseases

Breastfeeding and obesity in Brazilian children

The association between breastfeeding and obesity is inconsistent by the literature. This study aims to assess whether obesity is associated to occurrence of breastfeeding and to duration of total and exclusive breastfeeding in Brazilian children. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 764 children enrolled in public and private schools from Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Obesity (outcome variable) was defined as body mass index above the +2 standard deviations score using sex and age specific standards of World Health Organization. Exposure was the occurrence and duration of breastfeeding. Potential confounders were controlled by multiple logistic regression analysis and were divided in two groups: children (gender, age, birth weight, gestational age, order of birth, number of siblings, number of persons in the residence, type of school, physical activity patterns and time watching television) and mothers (age, nutritional status, level of education, weight gain during pregnancy, smokes currently and during the pregnancy). Prevalence of obesity was 10.7%; 6.8% of the children were not breastfed and 59.0% did not receive exclusive breastfeeding. After adjustment for confounding variables by logistic regression analysis, no statistically significant association was observed between obesity and the occurrence and/or duration of total and exclusive breastfeeding. There was no dose-response effect of duration of breastfeeding on prevalence of obesity. Our results do not support the hypothesis that breastfeeding promotion would reduce obesity in this population. Controversial findings regarding this association by literature indicate a need for further investigations

Investigation into Geomagnetic storms and ionospheric scintillation

Understanding how space weather phenomenon affects daily life has been a main focus of space weather studies. In particular, identifying the relationship between solar activities, ionospheric irregularities and consequently ionospheric scintillation has inspired numerous research efforts. Geomagnetic storms fueled by solar activities cause ionospheric irregularities. Ionospheric scintillation occurs when radio signals travel through these irregularities and experience rapid fluctuations in radio signal phase and amplitude. Such fluctuations have great consequences in radio wave based technology such as the Global Position system(GPS) as it causes a loss of lock. Therefore, through the implantation of two GPS Receivers, continuous data was obtained on phase and amplitude of radio signals from the Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS). This data was then thoroughly analyzed to identify scintillation signatures. On January 31st, 2019, scintillation signatures that correlated to a G1 minor geomagnetic storm were observed. In this paper, the method of analysis is adapted from the aforementioned case study to identify past geomagnetic events that possibly correlated with observed scintillation. Through this study, it is hoped that a correlation between geomagnetic storms and ionospheric scintillation in the mid-latitude region will be highlighted

Ciliary Abnormalities Due to Defects in the Retrograde Transport Protein DYNC2H1 in Short-Rib Polydactyly Syndrome

The short-rib polydactyly (SRP) syndromes are a heterogenous group of perinatal lethal skeletal disorders with polydactyly and multisystem organ abnormalities. Homozygosity by descent mapping in a consanguineous SRP family identified a genomic region that contained DYNC2H1, a cytoplasmic dynein involved in retrograde transport in the cilium. Affected individuals in the family were homozygous for an exon 12 missense mutation that predicted the amino acid substitution R587C. Compound heterozygosity for one missense and one null mutation was identified in two additional nonconsanguineous SRP families. Cultured chondrocytes from affected individuals showed morphologically abnormal, shortened cilia. In addition, the chondrocytes showed abnormal cytoskeletal microtubule architecture, implicating an altered microtubule network as part of the disease process. These findings establish SRP as a cilia disorder and demonstrate that DYNC2H1 is essential for skeletogenesis and growth

Effect of diindolylmethane supplementation on low-grade cervical cytological abnormalities: double-blind, randomised, controlled trial

This work was supported by a Cancer Research UK project grant (C8162/A4609 project costs) and a programme grant (C8162/A10406)