A convergência de variáveis pessoais e familiares na construção do sucesso académico

É objetivo deste artigo contribuir para a discussão em redor da definição do conceito de sucesso académico, partindo da identificação das variáveis pessoais e familiares que mais influem nos resultados académicos obtidos pelos estudantes. Neste estudo, a par das variáveis de raciocínio, autoconceito académico, metas académicas, estratégias de estudo e das classificações escolares prévias, se destaca, igualmente, o impacto de variáveis parentais, tais como habilitações escolares parentais, suporte, monitorização expetativas parentais e envolvimento parental com a escola. Expõe-se, desta forma, o cariz multifacetado da aprendizagem e sucesso académico, elencando o impacto dessas variáveis nos desempenhos escolares. Da mesma forma, se defende que o sucesso académico seja perspetivado enquanto processo em construção ao longo do percurso escolar dos estudantes. Conclui-se pela conceptualização multidimensional da aprendizagem, em detrimento de um foco de análise meramente centrado nas classificações escolares enquanto indicador da qualidade das aprendizagens e sucesso académico.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)Universidade do Minh

Social-emotional skills of teachers:Mapping the content space and defining taxonomy requirements

Many studies acknowledge the importance of social-emotional skills(1) (SEMS) to function in contemporary society. Understanding these skills and how these develop presents several conceptual and methodological challenges, with emerging consensus on what kind of skills should be fostered in education. Less work, however, has considered SEMS specifically for teachers, despite the fact that they are presumed to be the primary agents to affect SEMS of students. The current article examines different conceptualizations of teacher SEMS and provides a first attempt at defining and structuring this broad conceptual space. We further propose a conceptual teacher SEMS framework that may serve as a basis of an empirical one to guide future educational research and policy-making

Abiraterone acetate in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer after chemotherapy. A retrospective “Real Life” analysis of activity and safety

Abiraterone acetate (AA) is a potent, selective androge (CYP17) biosynthesis inhibitor, which showed to improve overall survival (HR = 0.646) in mCRPC patients progressing after docetaxel. In this retrospective analysis we assessed the safety and efficacy of AA in patients affected with mCRPC progressing after chemotherapy, treated in the normal clinical practice, in several Italian Oncologic Units, after the approval of the drug from the Italian Drug Agency (AIFA)

Editorial: Problem Gambling: Summarizing Research Findings and Defining New Horizons

In 2003, Rachel A. Volberg wrote: “Why is it that gambling is not even on the radar when we consider the array of risks that adolescents must confront as they move towards adulthood?” Nowadays, after thirteen years, although much more is known about this particular form of risk behavior, there is still a general tendency, at least among laypersons, to not perceive gambling as a potential danger for youth and other population segments (e.g., individuals with migration background, seniors, sports professionals). However, the latest edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5, American Psychological Association, 2013) included Gambling Disorder as the only condition in the Section Non-Substance-Related Disorders. Moreover, it is specified that the disorder can indeed occur in adolescence or young adulthood. Despite this fact, theoretical and applied research on problem gambling with regard to adolescence and other risk groups is still in its infancy. For this reason, it seems to be important to organize a Research Topic on gambling in Frontiers in Psychology in order to i) highlight the necessity of considering gambling as a potential harmful activity; ii) summarize the state-of-art of international research on different aspects of the topic; and iii) offer important novel findings relevant for advancing knowledge in the field of gambling. Different types of research articles will be provided including original articles, systematic/scoping reviews, meta-analyses, case reports, and commentaries. These contributions will be focused on the following most important areas in gambling research: Measurement (Which are the most widely used instruments to assess gambling-related problems as well as proximate constructs and what are their psychometric properties? Are there new instruments to detect adolescent problem gamblers?), Protective and risk factors (What do we know about ecological and individual influences on gambling behavior? Which factors affect problem gambling most and in which way?), Prevention (Which are the most promising prevention programs implemented until now? Which are necessary ingredients for effective prevention?), Treatment (When individuals seek help for their gambling-related problems, which are the clinical treatments that are offered? Do we have evidence for treatment effectiveness for different subgroups?). To try to fulfill this goal in the most comprehensive way, researchers from different countries and with specific competencies and interests will be contacted and encouraged to submit a contribution. Through the integration of international and multidisciplinary contributions, i) new challenges in the field of gambling will be identified (e.g., definition of specific at-risk groups, specification of effective interventions in terms of best practices) and ii) new research routes (e.g., the use of behavioral data) will be outlined in order to build a comprehensive understanding of problem gambling. The overall aim is to summarize the state of art, to propose original novel findings, and to outline new directions in gambling research

Abiraterone acetate in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer after chemotherapy. A retrospective analysis of progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the “Real Life”

Background: Abiraterone acetate (AA) is a potent, selective androgen (CYP17) biosynthesis inhibitor, which showed to improve overall survival (HR = 0.646) in mCRPC patients progressing after docetaxel. In this retrospective analysis we assessed the PFS and OS safety in patients affected with mCRPC progressing after chemotherapy, treated in the normal clinical practice, in several Italian Oncologic Units

Cognitive differentiation during childhood: A study on cognitive profiles of 5, 7, and 9-year-old children

No seio do debate sobre se a inteligência é mais bem definida por um fator geral ou por aptidões específicas, ganha relevância a hipótese da diferenciação cognitiva. Análises recentes enfatizam o interesse dessa questão para a investigação e alertam para a relevância das suas implicações na área educativa. Este estudo analisou a possibilidade de a diferenciação das aptidões cognitivas ocorrer já na infância e também o efeito moderador do Quociente de Inteligência na magnitude da relação entre as habilidades cognitivas. Aplicou-se uma bateria de provas que avaliam várias funções cognitivas a uma amostra de 231 crianças com 5, 7 e 9 anos, distribuídas por três grupos de desempenho cognitivo. Os resultados de uma análise de clusters hierárquica e de uma análise de variância apontam para a não diferenciação das funções cognitivas na infância. Contudo, uma análise mais cuidadosa aponta para alguma diferenciação suportada pela heterogeneidade dos perfis cognitivos junto dos alunos com Quociente de Inteligência elevado.Within the debate about whether intelligence is best defined by a general factor or specific skills, the hypothesis of cognitive differentiation gains relevance. Recent analyses have emphasized the importance of this issue in the investigation of cognitive skills and have highlighted its implications in education. This study examined the possibility that the differentiation of cognitive abilities may occur during childhood and investigated the moderating effect of Intelligence Quotient on the magnitude of the relationship between cognitive abilities. A battery of tests for assessing cognitive function was administered to 231 children aged 5, 7, and 9 years old, who were divided into three cognitive performance groups. The results of hierarchical cluster analysis and variance analysis indicate the lack of differentiation of cognitive functions during childhood. However, a more careful analysis suggests some differentiation supported by the heterogeneity of cognitive profiles among students with high Intelligence Quotient.FCT -Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia(SFRH/BD/84153/2012