The Reliability of Wireless Sensor Network on Pipeline Monitoring System

The wireless sensor network (WSN) is an attractive technology, which combines embedded systems and communication networks making them more efficient and effective. Currently, WSNs have been developed for various monitoring applications. In this research, a wireless mesh network for a pipeline monitoring system was designed and developed. Sensor nodes were placed at each branch in the pipe system. Some router fails were simulated and the response of each node in the network was evaluated. Three different scenarios were examined to test the data transmission performance. The results proved that the wireless mesh network was reliable and robust. The system is able to perform link reconfiguration, automatic routing and safe data transmission from the beginning node to the end node

RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM SONAR BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER UNTUK PENGUKURAN KEDALAMAN DASAR AIR DENGAN TAMPILAN KOMPUTER

Sonar system has been designed using the system microcontroller and a computer for data processing. The purpose of this study to determine the depth of water-based object.The experiment was conducted in several stages of manufacture and application of ultrasonic pulse generator sonar system. Microcontroller is used as a trigger pulse to the IC 74HC221 the resulting pulse amplified by the amplifier so that the sensor could shotting of ultrasonic waves. Time of flight can be determined by calculate the time delay when pulse emitted and then received back. Received signal will experience a strengthening of the LF356 and comparated by comparator LM339 then transmitted by the microcontroller to the computer via RS-232. This system has been realized and can show the results obtained in the form of graphs and can be stored. Results of testing equipment and the characteristics of the sensor with a linear correlation coefficient R2 = 0,999 and SD = 0,438 against the standard instrument

Study of fast neutron detector for COSINE-100 experiment

A monitoring system for fast neutrons is planned in the COSINE experiment, a dark matter experiment with NaI crystals. We pursued several R&D approaches for a neutron detector using a liquid scintillator (LS). A pulse shape discrimination (PSD) technique is used for the identification of neutron events and the PSD properties of two different LS were compared. A good separation power between neutrons and γ has been achieved for energies between 200 keVee to 1500 keVee. The combination of alumina adsorption, filtration, and water extraction is effective in purifying the LS, which leads to a reduction in the α contamination by 210Po of more than a factor of two. The measured activities of the internal α are 0.36±0.04 mBq/kg and 0.21±0.03 mBq/kg before and after purification, respectively. © 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Mediala

Study of cosmogenic radionuclides in the COSINE-100 NaI(Tl) detectors

© 2019 Elsevier B.V.COSINE-100 is a direct detection dark matter search experiment that uses a 106 kg array of eight NaI(Tl) crystals that are kept underground at the Yangyang Underground Laboratory to avoid cosmogenic activation of radioisotopes by cosmic rays. Even though the cosmogenic activity is declining with time, there are still significant background rates from the remnant nuclides. In this paper, we report measurements of cosmogenic isotope contaminations with less than one year half-lives that are based on extrapolations of the time dependent activities of their characteristic energy peaks to activity rates at the time the crystals were deployed underground. For longer-lived 109Cd (T1/2=1.27 y) and 22Na (T1/2=2.6 y), we investigate time correlations and coincidence events due to several emissions. The inferred sea-level production rates are compared with calculations based on the ACTIVIA and MENDL-2 model calculations and experimental data. The results from different approaches are in reasonable agreement with each other. For 3H, which has a long, 12.3 year half-life, we evaluated the activity levels and the exposure times that are in reasonable agreement with the time period estimated for each crystal's exposure11sciescopu

Measurement of the cosmic muon annual and diurnal flux variation with the COSINE-100 detector

We report measurements of annual and diurnal modulations of the cosmic-ray muon rate in the Yangyang underground laboratory (Y2L) using 952 days of COSINE-100 data acquired between September 2016 and July 2019. A correlation of the muon rate with the atmospheric temperature is observed and its amplitude on the muon rate is determined. The effective atmospheric temperature and muon rate variations are positively correlated with a measured effective temperature coefficient of alpha(T) = 0.82 +/- 0.10. This result is consistent with a model of meson production in the atmosphere. We also searched for a diurnal modulation in the underground muon rate by comparing one-hour intervals. No significant diurnal modulation of the muon rate was observed.11Nsciescopu

The environmental monitoring system at the COSINE-100 experiment

© 2022 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab.The COSINE-100 experiment is designed to test the DAMA experiment which claimed an observation of a dark matter signal from an annual modulation in their residual event rate. To measure the 1 %-level signal amplitude, it is crucial to control and monitor nearly all environmental quantities that might systematically mimic the signal. The environmental monitoring also helps ensure a stable operation of the experiment. Here, we describe the design and performance of the centralized environmental monitoring system for the COSINE-100 experiment.11Nsciescopu

Search for solar bosonic dark matter annual modulation with COSINE-100

We present results from a search for solar bosonic dark matter using the annual modulation method with the COSINE-100 experiment. The results were interpreted considering three dark sector bosons models: solar dark photons, Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnisky (DFSZ) and Kim-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov (KSVZ) solar axions, and Kaluza-Klein solar axions. No modulation signal compatible with the expected from the models was found from a dataset of 2.82 yr, using 61.3 kg of NaI(Tl) crystals. Therefore, we set a 90% confidence level upper limits for each of the three models studied. For the solar dark photon model, the most stringent mixing parameter upper limit is 1.61×10-14 for dark photons with a mass of 215 eV. For the DFSZ and KSVZ solar axion, and the Kaluza-Klein axion models, the upper limits exclude axion-electron couplings, gae, above 1.61×10-11 for axion mass below 0.2 keV; and axion-photon couplings, gaγγ, above 1.83×10-11 GeV-1 for an axion number density of 4.07×1013 cm-3. This is the first experimental search for solar dark photons and DFSZ and KSVZ solar axions using the annual modulation method. The lower background, higher light yield and reduced threshold of NaI(Tl) crystals of the future COSINE-200 experiment are expected to enhance the sensitivity of the analysis shown in this paper. We show the sensitivities for the three models studied, considering the same search method with COSINE-200. © 2023 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.11Nsciescopu

Strong constraints from COSINE-100 on the DAMA dark matter results using the same sodium iodide target

© 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).We present new constraints on dark matter interactions using 1.7 years of COSINE-100 data. The COSINE-100 experiment, consisting of 106 kg of tallium-doped sodium iodide [NaI(Tl)] target material, is aimed to test DAMA's claim of dark matter observation using the same NaI(Tl) detectors. Improved event selection requirements, a more precise understanding of the detector background, and the use of a larger dataset considerably enhance the COSINE-100 sensitivity for dark matter detection. No signal consistent with the dark matter interaction is identified and rules out model-dependent dark matter interpretations of the DAMA signals in the specific context of standard halo model with the same NaI(Tl) target for various interaction hypotheses.11Nsciescopu

Alpha backgrounds in the AMoRE-Pilot experiment

© 2022, The Author(s).The Advanced Mo-based Rare process Experiment (AMoRE)-Pilot experiment is an initial phase of the AMoRE search for neutrinoless double beta decay of 100Mo, with the purpose of investigating the level and sources of backgrounds. Searches for neutrinoless double beta decay generally require ultimately low backgrounds. Surface α decays on the crystals themselves or nearby materials can deposit a continuum of energies that can be as high as the Q-value of the decay itself and may fall in the region of interest (ROI). To understand these background events, we studied backgrounds from radioactive contaminations internal to and on the surface of the crystals or nearby materials with Geant4-based Monte Carlo simulations. In this study, we report on the measured α energy spectra fitted with the corresponding simulated spectra for six crystal detectors, where sources of background contributions could be identified through high energy α peaks and continuum parts in the energy spectrum for both internal and surface contaminations. We determine the low-energy contributions from internal and surface α contaminations by extrapolating from the α background fitting model.11Nsciescopu