56 research outputs found

    A Comprehensive Study of Vesicular and Non-Vesicular miRNAs from a Volume of Cerebrospinal Fluid Compatible with Clinical Practice

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    Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential biomarkers for minimally invasive diagnosis of central nervous system malignancies. However, despite significant advances in recent years, this field still suffers from poor data reproducibility. This is especially true in cases of infants, considered a new subject group. Implementing efficient methods to study miRNAs from clinically realistic CSF volumes is necessary for the identification of new biomarkers. Methods: We compared six protocols for characterizing miRNAs, using 200-mu L CSF from infants (aged 0-7). Four of the methods employed extracellular vesicle (EV) enrichment step and the other two obtained the miRNAs directly from cleared CSF. The efficiency of each method was assessed using real-time PCR and small RNA sequencing. We also determined the distribution of miRNAs among different CSF shuttles, using size-exclusion chromatography. Results: We identified 281 CSF miRNAs from infants. We demonstrated that the miRNAs could be efficiently detected using only 200 mu L of biofluid in case of at least two of the six methods. In the exosomal fraction, we found 12 miRNAs that might be involved in neurodevelopment. Conclusion: The Norgen and Invitrogen protocols appear suitable for the analysis of a large number of miRNAs using small CSF samples.This work was supported by the Basque Government [IT989-16], the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness MINECO [SAF2015066312], and the Ramon Areces Foundation [FRA-17-JMF]. We thank MINECO for the REDIEX (Spanish Excellence Network in Exosomes) and the Severo Ochoa Excellence Accreditation (SEV-2016-0644). Funding for open access charge: Severo Ochoa Excellence Accreditation (SEV-2016-0644)

    Pauta de observación de la enseñanza de las matemáticas en Educación Secundaria en España (POEMat.ES)

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    POEMat.ES es una pauta de observación de las prácticas de enseñanza de profesores de matemáticas de Educación Secundaria grabadas en vídeo. Este instrumento permite recoger información sobre las acciones de los profesores de matemáticas en el aula desde 3 dimensiones diferentes, organizadas a su vez en 17 subdimensiones. Cada subdimensión se puede valorar en cuatro niveles de desempeño que describen características concretas de las acciones realizadas por el profesor observadas en un fragmento de vídeo. POEMat.ES ha sido desarrollada con el objetivo inicial de ofrecer una visión equilibrada y multidimensional de la enseñanza de las matemáticas en Educación Secundaria en el contexto español
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