The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM): Critiquing its Applicability With Indigenous Peoples and Communities

Indigenous Peoples experience significant health inequities that must be understood in relation to historical and ongoing colonialism, racism, and discrimination. The occupational therapy profession has claimed commitment to addressing the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) calls to action, however, the profession is firmly grounded in Euro-Western epistemologies, including its assessments. The purpose of this paper was to assess the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) for use with Indigenous clients and communities. Although the COPM uses flexibility through semi-structured interviews and the exclusion of standardized score comparisons, it is mired in colonial underpinnings and has hierarchical therapist-client power dynamics threaded throughout. The COPM has potential given its semi-structured nature and client-led approach. However, acknowledgement of the assessments’ Euro-Western roots and biases are necessary. This assessment may be modified for improved use, which should occur in collaboration with Indigenous clients, communities, and leaders

You\u27ve Come a Long Way, Baby: Stripping Pornography from America\u27s Workplace

In Robinson v. Jacksonville Shipyards, Inc., the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida became the first court in the country to hold that the presence of pornography in the workplace-by itself-could constitute a hostile working environment for women, actionable under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Prior to Robinson, courts frequently concluded that Title VII offered no protection to women who felt victimized by the presence of sexually-oriented pictures and sexual remarks in the workplace, so long as overt actions targeting particular female employees did not also exist. The opinion-written by Judge Howell W. Melton, Sr.-was quickly lauded and criticized. This Comment considers the groundbreaking aspects of Judge Melton\u27s opinion in Robinson and analyzes how Congress and the courts have responded in the twenty-one years that have elapsed since the decision

Influencers of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in the Deep South

Background: Within the Deep South, vaccine ratings fall between 48.5-58% of the state’s population being fully vaccinated against COVID-19. Therefore, half of the population is at risk for the negative mortality and morbidity outcomes associated with COVID-19.Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe key influencers for accepting the COVID-19 vaccine for individuals living within the Deep South region of the US.Methods: A descriptive, secondary analysis of quantitative data was conducted from an online survey entitled COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Survey. A total of 421 participants identified as living in the Deep South, were ≥ 18 years of age, and English speaking and thus were included in the analysis. Descriptive statistics and mean frequency scores were calculated.Results: The highest means were identified among the social responsibility influencers for participants regardless of gender, race, or age. Healthcare influencers, particularly the option of a doctor, healthcare provider, nurse, also positively influenced male and female participants who were ≥25 years old. Public figure influencers had little to no influence on the overall sample.Conclusions: With the current pandemic impacting those who are unvaccinated, an increase in targeted strategies and interventions to increase vaccine acceptance in the Deep South is warranted

Coal Oil Point Reserve Annual Newsletter 2013

The Coal Oil Point Reserve Annual Newsletter highlights the conservation, restoration, and research projects at the reserve in 2013

Systematic review search strategies are poorly reported and not reproducible: a cross-sectional metaresearch study

Objectives: To determine the reproducibility of biomedical systematic review search strategies.Study Design and Setting: A cross-sectional reproducibility study was conducted on a random sample of 100 systematic reviews indexed in MEDLINE in November 2021. The primary outcome measure is the percentage of systematic reviews for which all database searches can be reproduced, operationalized as fulfilling six key Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses literature search extension (PRISMA-S) reporting guideline items and having all database searches reproduced within 10% of the number of original results. Key reporting guideline items included database name, multi-database searching, full search strategies, limits and restrictions, date(s) of searches, and total records.Results: The 100 systematic review articles contained 453 database searches. Only 22 (4.9%) database searches reported all six PRISMA-S items. Forty-seven (10.4%) database searches could be reproduced within 10% of the number of results from the original search; six searches differed by more than 1,000% between the originally reported number of results and the reproduction. Only one systematic review article provided the necessary search details to be fully reproducible.Conclusion: Systematic review search reporting is poor. To correct this will require a multifaceted response from authors, peer reviewers, journal editors, and database providers

The MOSDEF survey: a stellar mass-SFR-metallicity relation exists at z∼2.3z\sim2.3

We investigate the nature of the relation among stellar mass, star-formation rate, and gas-phase metallicity (the M$_*$-SFR-Z relation) at high redshifts using a sample of 260 star-forming galaxies at $z\sim2.3$ from the MOSDEF survey. We present an analysis of the high-redshift M$_*$-SFR-Z relation based on several emission-line ratios for the first time. We show that a M$_*$-SFR-Z relation clearly exists at $z\sim2.3$. The strength of this relation is similar to predictions from cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. By performing a direct comparison of stacks of $z\sim0$ and $z\sim2.3$ galaxies, we find that $z\sim2.3$ galaxies have $\sim0.1$ dex lower metallicity at fixed M$_*$ and SFR. In the context of chemical evolution models, this evolution of the M$_*$-SFR-Z relation suggests an increase with redshift of the mass-loading factor at fixed M$_*$, as well as a decrease in the metallicity of infalling gas that is likely due to a lower importance of gas recycling relative to accretion from the intergalactic medium at high redshifts. Performing this analysis simultaneously with multiple metallicity-sensitive line ratios allows us to rule out the evolution in physical conditions (e.g., N/O ratio, ionization parameter, and hardness of the ionizing spectrum) at fixed metallicity as the source of the observed trends with redshift and with SFR at fixed M$_*$ at $z\sim2.3$. While this study highlights the promise of performing high-order tests of chemical evolution models at high redshifts, detailed quantitative comparisons ultimately await a full understanding of the evolution of metallicity calibrations with redshift.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures, accepted to Ap

The MOSDEF Survey: Kinematic and Structural Evolution of Star-Forming Galaxies at 1.4≤z≤3.81.4\leq z\leq 3.8

We present ionized gas kinematics for 681 galaxies at $z\sim 1.4-3.8$ from the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field survey, measured using models which account for random galaxy-slit misalignments together with structural parameters derived from CANDELS Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging. Kinematics and sizes are used to derive dynamical masses. Baryonic masses are estimated from stellar masses and inferred gas masses from dust-corrected star formation rates (SFRs) and the Kennicutt-Schmidt relation. We measure resolved rotation for 105 galaxies. For the remaining 576 galaxies we use models based on HST imaging structural parameters together with integrated velocity dispersions and baryonic masses to statistically constrain the median ratio of intrinsic ordered to disordered motion, $V/\sigma_{V,0}$. We find that $V/\sigma_{V,0}$ increases with increasing stellar mass and decreasing specific SFR (sSFR). These trends may reflect marginal disk stability, where systems with higher gas fractions have thicker disks. For galaxies with detected rotation we assess trends between their kinematics and mass, sSFR, and baryon surface density ($\Sigma_{\mathrm{bar},e}$). Intrinsic dispersion correlates most with $\Sigma_{\mathrm{bar},e}$ and velocity correlates most with mass. By comparing dynamical and baryonic masses, we find that galaxies at $z\sim 1.4-3.8$ are baryon dominated within their effective radii ($R_E$), with Mdyn/Mbaryon increasing over time. The inferred baryon fractions within $R_E$, $f_{\mathrm{bar}}$, decrease over time, even at fixed mass, size, or surface density. At fixed redshift, $f_{\mathrm{bar}}$ does not appear to vary with stellar mass but increases with decreasing $R_E$ and increasing $\Sigma_{\mathrm{bar},e}$. For galaxies at $z\geq2$, the median inferred baryon fractions generally exceed 100%. We discuss possible explanations and future avenues to resolve this tension.Comment: Accepted to ApJ. Added Figure 9, corrected sample size (main results unchanged). 28 pages, 13 figure