Subculturing of old olive trees

Istraživanje je obavljeno na stablima maslina sorte Maurino starosti 7 godina. Precjepljivanje je obavljeno sa sortama Buža, Istarska bjelica i Pendolino krajem travnja 2011., stavljanjem plemki pod koru. U nasadu su se tijekom vegetacije obavljale sve potrebne agrotehničke mjere, od međuredne obrade tla do zaštite od bolesti i štetnika. Tijekom vegetacije smo pratili primitak cijepljenja i mjerili vegetativni porast izboja na plemkama po sortama. Također smo pratili utjecaj grana “hraniteljica”, od kojih smo neke i prstenovali, na postotak primitka cijepljenja, kao i na vegetativni porast novih izboja. Tijekom jednogodišnjeg praćenja i mjerenja, ustanovili smo da je sorta glavni čimbenik koji utječe na dužinu porasta novih izboja. Postotak primitka je bio 95%. Kod stabala s ostavljenim granama “hraniteljicama” bilo je manje izboja na primarnim granama i deblu precjepljivanih stabalaThe research was conducted on the olive variety Maurino in age of 7 years. The reproduction was made from the varieties Buža, Istrian Bjelica and Pendolino at the end of April 2011, by putting the scion under the bark. During the vegetation, all the necessary agrotechnical measures were carried out, from the inter-soil treatment to the protection against diseases and pests. During the vegetation, we monitored the inoculation result and measured the vegetative growth of the varieties scions. We also monitored the influence of the “feeders” branch, some of which we ringed the percentage of successful inoculation as well as the vegetative growth of new scions. During one year of monitoring and measurement, we have found that variety is the main factor affecting the length of the growth of new scions. The percentage of receipt was 95%. In the trees with the “branches” left, there were fewer scions on the primary branches and the thicket of the sub-cultured trees

Pomološka i senzorna svojstva osam različitih sorata smokve u Hrvatskoj

The common fig (Ficus carica L.) is a fruit species traditionally cultivated in coastal Croatia. After some years of being of low commercial value, the interest in fig consumption and cultivation in this region seems to start following the increasing trend. One way of promoting fig consumption is to identify the varietal sensory properties, intending to match the consumer preferences. For this reason, the goal of this study was to evaluate sensory properties and pomological characteristics of fresh fruits of five dark (‘Šaraguja’, ‘Miljska’, ‘Crnica’, ‘Piombinese’, ‘Nero Rosso’) and three light-coloured (‘Petrovača bijela’, ‘Tiger’, ‘San Martino’) skin fig varieties, grown in Croatia. Figs were harvested from 5-years old trees in the fig experimental orchard located in Istria County (Croatia). Significant differences were observed for the properties of appearance, odour, flavour, and taste. Fresh fruits of varieties \u27Šaraguja\u27 and \u27Tiger\u27 reached the highest scores for the intensity of taste, fig odour, and flavour, compared to all the others. The highest values regarding fruit thickness and width were recorded from the variety \u27Petrovača bijela\u27, lenght from the variety \u27Šaraguja\u27, while \u27San Martino\u27 variety had the fruits of biggest weight. The variety \u27Miljska\u27 displayed the lowest values in all the observed pomological parameters. The importance of the pomological description and observation of sensory parameters of fresh figs lies in permitting the producers to decide the potential of each variety based on consumer preferences.Smokva (Ficus carica L.) je voćna vrsta koja se tradicionalno uzgaja u primorskoj Hrvatskoj. Nakon nekoliko godina niske komercijalne vrijednosti ove kulture, čini se da interes za potrošnjom i uzgojem smokava u ovoj regiji počinje rasti. Jedan od načina promicanja konzumacije smokava je prepoznavanje sortnih senzornih svojstava, sa ciljem usklađivanja sklonosti potrošača. Iz tog razloga cilj ovog istraživanja bio je procijeniti senzorna i pomološka svojstva svježih plodova pet crnih (\u27Šaraguja\u27, \u27Miljska\u27, \u27Crnica\u27, \u27Piombinese\u27, \u27Nero Rosso\u27) i tri bijele (\u27Petrovača bijela\u27, \u27Tiger\u27, \u27San Martino\u27) sorte smokve uzgojene u Hrvatskoj. Smokve su ubrane s pet godina starih stabala u pokusnom smokviku u Istarskoj županiji (Hrvatska). Uočene su značajne razlike u svojstvima izgleda, mirisa, arome i okusa. Svježi plodovi smokve sorti ‘Šaraguja’ i ‘Tiger’ postigli su najviše ocjene za intenzitet okusa, mirisa i arome smokve u odnosu na sve ostale sorte. Najviše vrijednosti debljine i širine ploda utvrđene su za sortu \u27Petrovača bijela\u27, širine za sortu \u27Šaraguja\u27, dok je sorta \u27San Martino\u27 imala plodove najveće mase. Sorta \u27Miljska\u27 imala je najmanje vrijednosti za sva istraživana pomološka svojstva. Važnost pomološkog opisa i istraživanja senzornih svojstava svježih smokava leži u omogućavanju proizvođačima da odluče o potencijalu svake sorte na temelju preferencija potrošača

Preliminary research: effect of the time of taking the strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) cuttings on the percentage of rooting

Problematika razmnožavanja planike (Arbutus unedo L.) predmet je brojnih istraživanja u kojima je utvrđeno da se planika teško razmnožava sjemenom, a vegetativno razmnožavanje reznicama rezultira slabim postotkom ožiljavanja. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi postotak ožiljavanja reznica s obzirom na različito vrijeme uzimanja reznica. Reznice su uzete u dva perioda – krajem siječnja (VU1) i krajem ožujka (VU2). Bazitoni dio reznica tretiran je indol maslačnom kiselinom (IBA, puder 3000 ppm) i potom su stavljene u supstrat za ožiljavanje koje je trajalo 52 dana. Reznice VU1 dobro su kalusirale, ali su slabo razvile korijen, a postotak ožiljavanja iznosio je 30%. Kod VU2 reznica uzetih krajem ožujka korijen je dobro razvijen na 58% reznica koje su uspješno nastavile s rastom nakon presađivanja u kontejnere. Tijekom procesa ožiljavanja važno je održavati optimalnu temperaturu - posebno vlažnost supstrata, budući da je planika osjetljiva na višak vlage u supstratu što utječe na truljenje bazitonog dijela, a time i na sušenje reznice. Na temelju rezultata može se zaključiti da vrijeme uzimanja reznica značajno uječe na postotak ožiljavanja planike.The problem of propagation of the strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) is a subject of numerous studies in which it has been found that the strawberry tree is difficult to propagate with seeds, and vegetative propagation of cuttings results in a low percentage of rooting. The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of rooting of cuttings taken at different periods of year. The cuttings were taken at the end of January (VU1) and late March (VU2). The base part of the cuttings was treated with indole butyric acid (IBA, powder 3000 ppm) after which cuttings were placed in the rooting substrate. Rooting lasted 52 days. Cuttings of VU1 had well developed callus, while the root was poorly developed and the percentage of rooting was 30%. In VU2 cuttings the root was successfully developed for 58% of cuttings which continued growing after being successfully transferred into the pots. Since strawberry tree is sensitive to excess moisture in the substrate which affects, and can cause, decay of the base of cuttings and its desiccation, it is important to maintain optimum temperature and especially humidity in the substrate during the rooting. Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that the time of taking the cuttings significantly impacts the percentage of strawberry tree plants rooting

Laryngeal Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor in a Man: A Case Report

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a pseudosarcomatous lesion occurring in soft tissue and organs. It is known under a wide number of terms, such as inflammatory pseudotumor, plasma cell granuloma, pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferation. IMT is most commonly located in the lung, while laryngeal location is rarely described. Due to its’ biology it can be misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor. We present a case of IMT of larynx, recognized in time and treated with laser ablation. Our case demonstrates the importance of timely IMT recognition in order to avoid overtreatment. This diagnosis should also alert clinicians to close follow-up of these patients

LOCALLY INVASIVE PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER – OUR EXPERIENCE

Dobro diferencirani karcinomi štitnjače, poglavito papilarni karcinomi, tumori su s dobrom prognozom, ali katkad imaju sklonost širenju u okolna tkiva. Širenjem tih tumora osim okolne muskulature i hrskavice, najčešće je zahvaćen gornji aerodigestivni trakt. Tijekom 2 godine (2008–2009) u Klinici za bolesti uha, nosa i grla, kirurgiju glave i vrata, KBC-a Zagreb, liječeno je 233-je bolesnika s dobro diferenciranim karcinomom štitnjače. Među njima bila su 23 slučaja lokalno invazivnoga papilarnoga karcinoma štitnjače. U ovom radu prikazali smo svoje iskustvo u liječenju 23-je bolesnika s lokalno invazivnim papilarnim karcinomom štitnjače sa posebnim osvrtom na ekstratiroidno širenje, kirurški zahvat i postoperacijsko liječenje. Naše su preporuke za liječenje takvih bolesnika totalna tiroidektomija, selektivna disekcija vrata, odstranjenje makroskopski vidljivog tumora, radikalan kirurški zahvat za tumore s intraluminalnim širenjem u područje gornjeg aerodigestivnoga trakta i postoperacijska adjuvantna terapija.Differentiated thyroid carcinomas, particularly papillary carcinoma, are the tumors with good prognosis, but sometimes have a tendency to spread into the surrounding tissue. The spread of these tumors usually involves muscle, cartilage and upper aerodigestive tract. During two years (2008–2009) at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 233 patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma were treated. Among them there were 23 cases of locally invasive papillary thyroid carcinoma. In this paper we present our experience in treating 23 patients with locally invasive papillary thyroid carcinoma with special reference to extrathyroid spread, surgery and postoperative treatment. Our recommendations for the treatment of such patients are total thyroidectomy and selective neck dissection, removal of macroscopically visible tumors, radical surgery for tumors with intraluminal expansion in the upper aerodigestive tract and postoperative adjuvant therapy

Dozimetrijska verifikacija radioterapijskih planova intezitet-modulirajuće radioterapije u bolesnika s rakom prostate

Intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) has become widely used as a standard radiation therapy technique for the treatment of localized prostate cancer. The transition from conformal radiotherapy (3D CRT) to a more complex IMRT technique triggered the need for more thorough verification of the accuracy in the dose delivery. In this work we present the clinical workflow and the results of patient specific quality assurance (PSQA) procedures for 40 prostate cancer patients who have been treated with step and shot IMRT ever since its implementation in our routine clinical practice. PSQA procedures include dosimetric verification of each treatment plan with dedicated rotational phantom and high-resolution matrix detector system Octavius 4D (PTW Freiburg) that allows three-dimensional comparison of the calculated and delivered radiation dose distribution. Our results proved the compliance with the universal tolerance limits recommended for those procedures (1), assuring the safety of the treatment and providing the possibility for the adoption of more stringent constraints in the future.Radioterapija moduliranog intenziteta (eng. intensity modulated radiotherapy –IMRT) u posljednjem desetljeću je postala uobičajena radioterapijska metoda za terapiju lokaliziranih karcinoma prostate. Prelazak s konformalne radioterapije na napredniju i tehnički složeniju IMRT tehniku, donio je i potrebu za detaljnijom i sveobuhvatnom provjerom točnosti isporuke doze zračenja. U ovom radu predstavljamo provođenje postupaka dozimetrijske verifikacije radioterapijskih planova poznatih pod engleskim nazivom patient specific QA (PSQA) te rezultate za 40 bolesnika s karcinomom prostate koji su primili IMRT terapiju. U tu svrhu koristimo posebni dozimetrijski sustav s rotacijskim fantomom i visoko razlučivom detektorskom matricom, Octavius 4D (PTW Freiburg). Pokazalo se kako su sva dobivena odstupanja između planirane i mjerene trodimenzionalne raspodjele doze bila unutar preporučenih tolerancija (1) što nam daje povjerenje u sigurnost provođenja ovakve terapije te otvara mogućnost za primjenu strožijih ograničenja u budućnosti

Physiological and biochemical performance of almond trees under deficit irrigation

The almond tree is generally recognized as drought-tolerant, though it depends on water resources to achieve high yields. During the summer months of two consecutive years, several physiological and biochemical parameters were observed, to understand the almond tree’s seasonal sensitivity and behavior under different irrigation strategies based on crop evapotranspiration (ETc): T100 optimal water requirement regime (applying 100% ETc); T70 and T35 sustained deficit irrigation regimes (applying 70% and 35% ETc); T100-35 regulated deficit irrigation regime (reducing the application to 35% ETc during fruit filling stage); and T0 (rainfed). The total leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid reduction in T0 and T35 treatments was significant compared to T100-35. Leaf soluble proteins and total soluble sugar contents were significantly higher in non-irrigated trees compared to other treatments, while the starch content showed the opposite trend. Rainfed trees were under obvious water stress, displaying the lowest values for relative water content (RWC), stomatal conductance (gs), photosynthetic rate (A), and transpiration rate (E), and the highest for intrinsic water use efficiency (A/gs). Plant hormones (ABA and IAA) generally accumulated more in non-irrigated trees. The almond tree has been confirmed as a drought-tolerant species, and when water is scarce, reducing the water application to 35% ETc during fruit filling stage, results in no yield losses, and the plant status remains unstressed. However, to get the maximum crop potential, in years and areas where water is not restricted, full irrigation requirements have been shown to boost almond tree performance.IP acknowledges the financial support provided by the FCTPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BD/52539/ 2014), under the Doctoral Programme “Agricultural Production Chains – from fork to farm” (PD/00122/2012). This work was also supported by National Funds by FCT - Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, under the project UID/AGR/04033/2019 and by the project PRODER “Estratégias Integradas para o aumento da produtividade da amendoeira em Trás-os-Montes, nº 54611. 2014 a 2018. The authors wish to acknowledge the help and support provided during field and laboratory work by Ana Monteiro, Cristiana Teixeira, Helena Ferreira, Ivo Oliveira, Linton Dinis, Sara Bernardo, Silvia Afonso, and Silvina Morais, and thank João Santos and Chenyao Yang for help with climate data.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Neuroendocrine Tumors of Larynx – Two Case Reports and Literature Review

Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) of the larynx are rare and heterogenous group, with much confusion about nature and classification of these neoplasms in the past. Diagnosis is based primarily on light microscopy and confirmed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. A classification in 4 different types; paraganglioma, typical carcinoid, atypical carcinoid and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNC) is a current consensus. Thorough diagnostic and a proper classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms are of paramount importance – prognosis and treatment differ significantly. We present two cases: 63-year old patient with SCNC of the larynx and a 53-year old patient with atypical carcinoid of the larynx. OctreoScan is useful tools for diagnostics and follow up of the patients and it is predictive for effectiveness of octreotide therapy

Valorization Challenges to Almond Residues: Phytochemical Composition and Functional Application

[EN] Almond is characterized by its high nutritional value; although information reported so far mainly concerns edible kernel. Even though the nutritional and commercial relevance of the almond is restricted to almond meat; to date; increasing attention has been paid to other parts of this fruit (skin; shell; and hull); considered by-products that are scarcely characterized and exploited regarding their properties as valuable sources of bioactive compounds (mainly represented by phenolic acids and flavonoids). This lack of proper valorization procedures entails the continuation of the application of traditional procedures to almond residues that nowadays are mainly addressed to livestock feed and energy production. In this sense; data available on the physicochemical and phytochemical composition of almond meat and its related residues suggest promising applications; and allow one to envisage new uses as functional ingredients towards value-added foods and feeds; as well as a source of bioactive phytochemicals to be included in cosmetic formulations. This objective has prompted investigators working in the field to evaluate their functional properties and biological activity. This approach has provided interesting information concerning the capacity of polyphenolic extracts of almond by-products to prevent degenerative diseases linked to oxidative stress and inflammation in human tissues and cells; in the frame of diverse pathophysiological situations. Hence; this review deals with gathering data available in the scientific literature on the phytochemical composition and bioactivity of almond by-products as well as on their bioactivity so as to promote their functional application.This work is supported by European Investment Funds by FEDER/COMPETE/POCI-Operacional Competitiveness and Internacionalization Programme, under Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006958 and National Funds by FCT-Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, under the project UID/AGR/04033/2013. The author Iva Prgomet acknowledges the financial support provided by the FCT- Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BD/52539/2014), under the Doctoral Programme "Agricultural Production Chains-From Fork to Farm" (PD/00122/2012).Prgomet, I.; Goncalves, B.; Domínguez-Perles, R.; Pascual-Seva, N.; Barros, A. (2017). Valorization Challenges to Almond Residues: Phytochemical Composition and Functional Application. 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Irrigation deficit turns almond by-products into a valuable source of antimicrobial (poly)phenols

[EN] Almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb) production keeps an increasing trend worldwide, leading to augment in generation of harmful by-products that should be valorized as a source of bioactive phytochemicals with application in the development of new added-value products. The assessment of almond hulls and skins on their (poly)phenolic composition was developed upon two seasons, under five irrigation regimes, regarding total phenolics, flavonoids, and ortho-diphenols, as well as individual phenolic compounds analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode-Array Detection (HPLC-DAD). As functional tests, extracts were assessed on their radical scavenging activity in vitro and reducing power, and screened on their antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens. The phenolic profile and antioxidant activities were evaluated in blanching water as well. Naringenin-7-O-glucoside and isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside were the most abundant phenolics in almond hulls and skins. Influence of irrigation treatments and season on phenolic content differed among by-products; hulls being more influenced by irrigation and skins by the agro-climatic conditions. The synthesis of individual phenolics was more influenced by season than treatment. According to the chemical and biological correlations, the presence of (poly)phenols seems to be responsible for the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties revealed. The knowledge generated upon the present work contributes to understand the variability of almond by-products composition attributable to seasonal and irrigation conditions, and to envisage valorization alternatives for these under explored residues and blanching water.IP acknowledges the financial support provided by the FCT-Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BD/52539/2014), under the Doctoral Programme Agricultural Production Chains from fork to farm (PD/00122/2012). This work was also supported by National Funds by FCT - Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, under the project UID/AGR/04033/2019. RDP was supported by a Postdoctoral Contract (Juan de la Cierva de Incorporación ICJI-2015-25373) from the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness of Spain.Prgomet, I.; Gonçalves, B.; Domínguez-Perles, R.; Santos, R.; Saavedra, MJ.; Aires, A.; Pascual-Seva, N.... (2019). Irrigation deficit turns almond by-products into a valuable source of antimicrobial (poly)phenols. Industrial Crops and Products. 132:186-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.02.024S18619613