The Syntax and Semantics of Psych Verbs in English and Serbian (Sintaksa i semantika psiholoških glagola u engleskom i srpskom jeziku)

Psych verbs or experiencer verbs are a class of verbs that entail emotional states on the part of one of the participants in the situation they denote (Dowty 1991). This class of verbs raises important challenges for some of the core theories and assumptions in the Generative Framework such as the Uniformity of Theta Assignment Hypothesis (Baker 1998) or Binding Theory (Chomsky 1986). Previous research suggests that assuming that these challenges are only apparent can lead to improvements of the theories in question as well as yield important insights into the category of experiencer verbs itself (Belletti and Rizzi 1988; Pesetsky 1994; Landau 2010). This dissertation tackles the data from Serbian psych verbs from the standpoint of the classification of the same category of verbs in English informed by cross linguistic research (Levin 1994). The empirical contribution of the dissertation lies in the fact that the data are described and classified following the crosslinguistically-established formal criteria (cf. Levin 1994) while drawing on the previous descriptions, which were primarily informed by functionalist approaches (Štrbac 2006; Milenković 2017). The descriptive investigation gave rise to a series of theoretical questions pertaining to the argument structure of these verbs, the thematic roles that they assign and the syntactic status of different types of NPs that are found with these verbs, case assignment mechanisms, and the role of the morpheme SE. These questions are tackled separately, in dedicated chapters, within the framework of Distributed Morphology (Halle and Marantz 1993). Regarding the role of SE, the data from Serbian psych verbs (based primarily on event modifier licensing) motivate the existence of a semantic class between anticausatives and reflexives which I label ‘semi-reflexives’. The proposed class of ‘semi-reflexives’ is then used as a basis to bridge the gap between the two opposing views on the nature of the anticausative SE (Chierchia’s 2004 ‘Reflexive view’ and the ‘Standard Analysis’ a la Parsons 1990 or Schäfer and Vivanco 2016). This solution opens the door to understanding the lack of psych verb anticausatives in English. Oblique case-marked bare NPs expressing experiencers or stimuli with some Serbian psych verbs are argued to be arguments by showing that they cannot be analyzed as adjuncts or complements, and the origin of different oblique case forms (specifically, genitive and dative) is attributed to two different applicative heads (Source Applicative and Goal Applicative) building on Pylkkänen (2008). The possibilities of deriving n-participles and -(n)je nominalizations from Serbian psych verbs were explored under the assumptions that passive participle formation is governed by argument structure properties (Embick 2004) and -(n)je nominalizations are derived from passive participles (Marvin 2002; Simonović and Arsenijević 2014). The ambition behind these investigations was to reveal important facts in both directions (i.e. about the formation and internal structure of passive participles and -(n)je nominals and about the argument structure of psych verbs that underlie them). In a nutshell, it is argued that n-participles can be derived only from those verbs that contain an agentive component (VoiceP), and a somewhat modified version of the hypothesis that -(n)je nominals can be derived only from those verbs that also derive n-participles can be maintained

Estimating residual value of heavy construction equipment using ensemble learning

Knowing the right moment for the sale of used heavy construction equipment is important information for every construction company. The proposed methodology uses ensemble machine learning techniques to estimate the price (residual value) of used heavy equipment in both the present and the near future. Each machine in the model is represented with four groups of attributes: age and mechanical (describing the machine) and geographical and economic (describing the target market). The research suggests that the ensemble model based on random forest, light gradient boosting, and neural network members, as well as support vector regression as a decision unit, gives better estimates than the traditional regression or individual machine learning models. The model is built and verified on a large data set of 500,000 machines advertised in 50 US states from 1989 to 2012

Warehouse receipt finance in the agricultural sectors – lessons learned in Serbia

Aim of this paper is to analyse the role of warehouse receipts in the agribusiness sector, as well as prerequisites for successful public warehouses system. Warehouse receipt emerge as a promising financial instrument for farmers and other owners of agricultural products to provide loan against warehouse receipts. Warehouse receipts also offer alternative investment opportunities for banks by creating a new asset class. The paper analyses the experiences of the Serbia, which introduced the system of public warehouses in 2009. Applied research methodology includes literature review, comparation analyses and Indemnity fund’ data analyses. According to the results of this paper, Serbian legal framework can be good example for other countries aiming to establish public warehouses system as a system consisting on all necessary prerequisite to establidh successful public warehouse system. After positive experiences in the initial years, the development of the public warehouse system in Serbia came to a standstill in 2015., when two frauds in the public warehouse system occurred, which led to a loss of confidence in public. An important lesson learned in Serbia is that in addition to complete legislation based on the experience of successful public warehouse systems, it is necessary to implement legal provisions in practice. According to the results of the paper, the main cause of the crash of public warehouses in Serbia is despite the legal provision on the establishment of a special inspection for public warehouses, this most important link has never been established in practice. Lessons learned in Serbia can be a useful experience for other countries, the process of establishing this important system for agribusiness sector. This paper provides first comprehensive analyses of the public warehouse system in the Serbia

Condition for sustainable development of rural tourism in the area of Lower Danube region in the Republic of Serbia

Six municipalities make area of the Lower Danube Region (Veliko Gradište, Golubac, Kučevo, Majdanpek, Kladovo and Negotin). The area has three main tourist attractions: the Danube River (European Corridor VII); Djerdap National Park with Djerdap Gorge; and the Archaeological Site “Lepenski vir”. In addition to these, there are numerous other potential tourist attractions in the Lower Danube region. This is important for the development of rural tourism, since visits to these attractions could enrich the content of the tourist products that would be offered to tourists who would stay in one of the local rural tourist destinations in this area. The development of rural tourism is not evenly represented in this area. Majdanpek, Negotin and Kladovo stand out as municipalities with the most developed rural tourism. In addition to the existing ones which are already being used in touristic exploitation, the aim of the article is to point out the resources, on which rural tourism on principles of sustainability, could be developing in the entire area. Both receptive and all other resources that are important for the creation of rural tourist products will be pointed out

Adverse drug reactions caused by drug–drug interactions in cardiovascular disease patients: introduction of a simple prediction tool using electronic screening database items

Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) drugs have been frequently implicated in adverse drug reaction (ADR)-related hospitalizations. Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are common preventable cause of ADRs, but the impact of DDIs in the CVD population has not been investigated. Hence, the primary aim of the study was to identify DDIs associated with ADRs in CVD patients at hospital admission. The second aim was to develop a simple tool to identify high-risk patients for DDI-related adverse events. Methods: An observational study was conducted on the Cardiology Ward of University Clinical Hospital Center. Data were obtained from medical charts. A clinical panel identified DDIs implicated in ADRs, using LexiInteract database and Drug Interaction Probability Scale. Statistics were performed using PASW 22 (SPSS Inc.). Results: DDIs contributed to hospital admission with a total prevalence of 9.69%. DDI-related ADRs affected mainly cardiac function (heart rate or rhythm, 41.07%); bleeding and effect on blood pressure were equally distributed (17.86%). Non-cardiovascular ADRs were found in 23.21% of DDIs. After admission, 73% of the identified DDIs led to changes in prescription. Prediction ability of calculated DDI adverse event probability scores was rated as good (AUC = 0.80, p < .001). Conclusions: CVD patients are highly exposed to adverse DDIs; about one in ten patients hospitalized with CVD might have a DDI contributing to the hospitalization. Given the high prevalence of CVD, DDI-related harm might be a significant burden worldwide. Identification of patients with high DDI adverse event risk might ease the recognition of DDI-related harm and improve the use of electronic databases in clinical practice.This is peer-rewiewed version of the following article: Kovačević, M.; Vezmar Kovačević, S.; Radovanović, S.; Stevanović, P.; Miljković, B. Adverse Drug Reactions Caused by Drug–Drug Interactions in Cardiovascular Disease Patients: Introduction of a Simple Prediction Tool Using Electronic Screening Database Items. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 2019, 35 (11), 1873–1883. [https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2019.1647021

Utjecaj ekstrakcije potpomognute mikrovalovima na udjel fenolnih spojeva i antioksidacijski kapacitet cvijetova trnine

This research was undertaken to investigate the influence of extraction parameters during microwave-assisted extraction on total phenolic content, total flavonoids, total hydroxycinnamic acids and total flavonols of blackthorn flowers as well as to evaluate the antioxidant capacity by two different methods (2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays). The investigated extraction parameters were: solvent type and volume fraction of alcohol in solvent (50 and 70 % aqueous solutions of ethanol and methanol), extraction time (5, 15 and 25 min) and extraction temperature (40, 50 and 60 °C) controlled by microwave power of 100, 200 and 300 W. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to evaluate the differences at a 95 % confidence level (p≤0.05). The obtained results show that aqueous solution of ethanol was more appropriate solvent for extraction of phenolic compounds (total flavonoids, total hydroxycinnamic acids and total flavonols) than aqueous solution of methanol. The amount of phenolic compounds was higher in 70 % aqueous solution of ethanol or methanol, while higher antioxidant capacity was observed in 50 % aqueous solution of methanol. Higher temperature of extraction improved the amount of phenolic compounds and also antioxidant capacity determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging capacity assay. Extensive duration of extraction (15- to 25-minute interval) has a significant effect only on the increase of total phenolic content, while specific phenolic compound content and antioxidant capacity were the highest when microwave extraction time of 5 min was applied.Ovo je istraživanje provedeno radi ispitivanja utjecaja parametara ekstrakcije potpomognute mikrovalovima na udjele ukupnih fenola, flavonoida, hidroksicimetnih kiselina i flavonola i određivanja antioksidacijskog kapaciteta cvijetova trnine pomoću dviju različitih metoda (DPPH i FRAP). Ispitani su sljedeći ekstrakcijski parametri: tip otapala i volumni udjel alkohola u otapalu (50 i 70 %-tna vodena otopina etanola i metanola), vrijeme ekstrakcije (5, 15 i 25 min) te temperatura ekstrakcije (40, 50 i 60 °C) održavana snagom mikrovalova od 100, 200 i 300 W. Multivarijantna analiza varijance (MANOVA) korištena je za procjenu razlika na razini pouzdanosti od 95 % (p≤0.05). Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da je vodena otopina etanola prikladnije otapalo za ekstrakciju fenolnih spojeva (ukupnih flavonoida, hidroksicimetne kiseline i flavonola) od vodene otopine metanola. Udjel fenolnih spojeva bio je veći u 70 %-tnim vodenim otopinama etanola i metanola, dok je antioksidacijski kapacitet ekstrakata u 50 %-tnoj vodenoj otopini metanola bio veći. Viša temperatura ekstrakcije metanola povećala je udjel fenolnih spojeva i antioksidacijski kapacitet određen pomoću DPPH metode. Produljeno trajanje ekstrakcije (u intervalu od 15 do 25 min) bitno je utjecao samo na povećanje udjela ukupnih fenola, dok su udjel specifičnih fenolnih spojeva i antioksidacijski kapacitet bili najveći pri vremenu ekstrakcije od 5 min

The prevalence and preventability of potentially relevant drug-drug interactions in patients admitted for cardiovascular diseases: A cross-sectional study

Aim: The aim was to describe the type and prevalence of potentially relevant drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) in a population of patients admitted for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and management strategies for reducing the occurrence of pDDIs. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on Cardiology ward of University Clinical Hospital Center in Belgrade, Serbia. A total of 527 patients, with more than one prescription during hospital stay, were enrolled in this study. Data were obtained from medical records. LexiInteract was used as the screening tool. Results: At least one potentially relevant pDDI was identified in 83.9% of patients. Occurrence was significantly more prevalent in patients with higher number of drugs, multimorbidity, longer length of stay, arrhythmia, heart failure, infectious and respiratory disease. About 13% of pDDIs exposures were accompanied with concurrent renal or liver disease, as an additional risk for DDI manifestation. Among CVD, patients with a history of myocardial infarction possessed the highest additional risk. The most common potential clinical outcome was the effect on cardiovascular system 48.5%, renal function and/or potassium 22.3%, bleeding 9.5%, impaired glucose control 6.8% and digoxin toxicity 4.6%. Main management strategies to avoid X or D class included using paracetamol instead of NSAID or alternative NSAID (38%), alternative antibiotic or antifungal (20.4%), H-2 receptor antagonist instead of PPI (8.3%), avoiding therapeutic duplication (7.3%), and alternative HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (7%). Heart rate, blood pressure, electrolytes/potassium and blood glucose could have been employed in monitoring for potential consequence of 72.2% C class pDDIs. Conclusions: Use of drug interaction screening tools can be beneficial risk mitigation strategy for potentially relevant pDDIs in CVD patients. DDI screening software could be linked to the patient's laboratory results or clinical data regarding renal or liver function, as an approach to reinforce DDIs alert quality

Anticholinergic and sedative drug burden in elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases (oral presentation)

Background Exposure to anticholinergic and sedative drugs have been associated with adverse health outcomes in the elderly population, which can be measured in an individual patient using Drug Burden Index (DBI). Higher DBI values were associated with poorer cognitive and physical performance, which may negatively influence cardiovascular disease (CVD) therapy outcomes. Purpose The aim was to assess the anticholinergic and sedative drug prevalence and burden in CVD patients. Method A retrospective observational study was conducted on the Cardiology ward of University Hospital Medical Center. Data were collected from medical records. DBI was used to calculate the exposure, based on the therapy used before the hospital admission. Descriptive and statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS® Statistics ver. 22. Findings A total of 254 patients aged ≥65 were included in the analysis. Patients were comorbid (Charlson Comorbidity Index, mean ± S.D., 3.18 ± 1.63), with the average number of drugs above 6 (6.21 ± 2.78). Anticholinergic or sedative drugs were used by 23 (9.1%) patients, with identified 19 different drugs. The highest frequency was observed for doxazosin (6; 2.4%), sertraline (6; 2.4%), memantine (4; 1.6%), clonazepam (3; 1.2%) and diazepam (3; 1.2%). The majority of patients had only one drug (15; 5.9%), 2 patients (0.8%) used 2, 4 patients (1.6%) used 3, and 2 patients (0.8%) used 4 different drugs with anticholinergic or sedative effects. Patients who were exposed to those drugs had longer length of hospital stay (15.74 vs 9.41 days, p<0.05), and higher total number of drugs (7.61 vs 6.07, p<0.05). The average DBI value equalled 1.11 ± 0.74 (total range 0.33-2.60). DBI <1 was present in 13 (5.1%) patients, and higher DBI≥1 in 10 (4%) patients. Conclusion The study revealed lower than expected exposure to anticholinergic or sedative drugs. The results could be seen as beneficial, as the minimization of anticholinergic burden in CVD patients is highly recommended

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF MODERN LABORATORY MEASUREMENT OF THE COEFFICIENT OF PERMEABILITY FOR SOIL MATERIALS

Određivanje koeficijenta propusnosti jedno je od najčešćih laboratorijskih ispitivanja u geotehnici. Konvencionalne metode koje uključuju mjerenja uz pomoć edometra i troosnog uređaja imaju brojne nedostatke od kojih je najznačajniji dugo vrijeme trajanja pokusa iz kojeg može proizići i pitanje točnosti podataka. Modernija metoda mjerenja zadanim protokom znatno ubrzava izvođenje pokusa, a uz primjenu odgovarajućih uređaja može se dobiti funkcijska veza između koeficijenta pora i propusnosti. Ovo je naročito interesantno kod jako stišljivih materijala obzirom da promjene koeficijenta propusnosti mogu iznositi i nekoliko redova veličina. U članku su predstavljene prednosti i nedostaci mjerenja metodom zadanog protoka u modificiranoj troosnoj ćeliji i hidrauličkom edometru u usporedbi s konvencionalnim načinima mjerenja koeficijenta propusnosti. Ispitivanja su obavljena na uzorcima otpadne kamene prašine dobivene završnom obradom arhitektonsko-građevnog kamena.Permeability tests are one of the most often performed experiments in geotechnics. Conventional methods conducted by oedometer and triaxial apparatus have many disadvantages, the most significant being the test duration. As a consequence, errors in permeability measurements could occur. On the contrary, by applying modern flow-pump method, permeability measurements can be obtained much more rapidly. Moreover, the permeability/void ratio relation can be obtained by using adequate laboratory devices. This is particularly important for soft materials, since their permeability could vary within several orders of magnitude depending on the variation of void ratio. The article presents advantages and disadvantages of the flow-pump method performed in a modified triaxial cell and hydraulic oedometer, in comparison with conventional constant head and falling head methods. The specimens were prepared from the waste stone dust, which is the product of final dimension stone processing