Effect of Confining Pressure on The Cement Treated Soil

Low workability and high water content in soil cause many problems in construction industry. The best way to deal with this is to replace the existing soil by good quality soil which may not be feasible every time due to scarcity of good quality soil. This issue forces engineers to work on soil stabilization. Out of those many methods of soil stabilization, mixing an admixture like cement, fly ash etc., with soil is the most common method. These additives affect chemical and mechanical properties like bearing capacity, elastic behavior of treated soil, so an additive should be chosen depending upon the soil properties and purpose of stabilization. Unconfined compressive strength is also one of those important parameters which are taken into consideration during soil stabilization but in real life, soil has confining pressure because of the soil present around the specimen under consideration. To follow this actual field situation in analysis and design program, it’s necessary to check the effect of the confinement on the strength of the soil. This study mainly deals with finding out the effect of level of confinement on confined compressive strength of the cement treated soil at different cement to soil weight ratio and different curing periods. To have an idea about the strength of the soil without confinement, specimen for all proportions and curing periods are tested for unconfined compression strength and split tensile strength also

Effect of Confining Pressure on The Cement Treated Soil

Low workability and high water content in soil cause many problems in construction industry. The best way to deal with this is to replace the existing soil by good quality soil which may not be feasible every time due to scarcity of good quality soil. This issue forces engineers to work on soil stabilization. Out of those many methods of soil stabilization, mixing an admixture like cement, fly ash etc., with soil is the most common method. These additives affect chemical and mechanical properties like bearing capacity, elastic behavior of treated soil, so an additive should be chosen depending upon the soil properties and purpose of stabilization. Unconfined compressive strength is also one of those important parameters which are taken into consideration during soil stabilization but in real life, soil has confining pressure because of the soil present around the specimen under consideration. To follow this actual field situation in analysis and design program, it’s necessary to check the effect of the confinement on the strength of the soil. This study mainly deals with finding out the effect of level of confinement on confined compressive strength of the cement treated soil at different cement to soil weight ratio and different curing periods. To have an idea about the strength of the soil without confinement, specimen for all proportions and curing periods are tested for unconfined compression strength and split tensile strength also

EFFECT OF WATER SATURATION ON STABILITY OF A HILL SLOPE: MALIN CASE STUDY

The study presents a meticulous investigation into the catastrophic landslide that impacted Malin village in Pune district of Maharashtra, India. By employing a multi-faceted approach encompassing field, laboratory, and numerical analyses, in the study, stability governing parameters were thoroughly assessed with respect to varying levels of water saturation. Field investigation provided crucial insights into the geographical profile, field density, slope strata, and representative soil sample acquired from hill slopes. Furthermore, extensive laboratory investigations were conducted to gain a comprehensive understanding of the role of stability governing parameters under different water saturation levels. The limit equilibrium method was employed for numerical simulation to rigorously evaluate slope stability. The results revealed the significant influence of increased water saturation on stability governing parameters, leading to slope instability, which was confirmed by numerical simulation. The study further established that excessive rainfall triggered the landslide, saturating the soil mass and deteriorating the stability governing parameters, ultimately leading to instability. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for mitigating landslides and can be instrumental in developing effective monitoring and warning systems

Network Based Payroll System Application

Organizations or any Industry employs full-time and casual(contractual) academics;therefore Payroll System plays an important role whether it is a business organization or any industry or educational academics. Employees in Personal Department use the payroll system to maintain employee’s information, manage leaves and make payment to the academics every fortnight. The Payroll system can add, delete and update employee’s salary details. It can manage annual leave and long-service leave as well as record any sick leave. The system pays each academic the correct amount, on time and the payment method requested by any academics

Context-Aware Clustering and the Optimized Whale Optimization Algorithm: An Effective Predictive Model for the Smart Grid

For customers to participate in key peak pricing, period-of-use fees, and individualized responsiveness to demand programmes taken from multi-dimensional data flows, energy use projection and analysis must be done well. However, it is a difficult study topic to ascertain the knowledge of use of electricity as recorded in the electricity records' Multi-Dimensional Data Streams (MDDS). Context-Aware Clustering (CAC) and the Optimized Whale Optimization Algorithm were suggested by researchers as a fresh power usage knowledge finding model from the multi-dimensional data streams (MDDS) to resolve issue (OWOA). The proposed CAC-OWOA framework first performs the data cleaning to handle the noisy and null elements. The predictive features are extracted from the novel context-aware group formation algorithm using the statistical context parameters from the pre-processed MDDS electricity logs. To perform the energy consumption prediction, researchers have proposed the novel Artificial Neural Network (ANN) predictive algorithm using the bio-inspired optimization algorithm called OWOA. The OWOA is the modified algorithm of the existing WOA to overcome the problems of slow convergence speed and easily falling into the local optimal solutions. The ANN training method is used in conjunction with the suggested bio-inspired OWOA algorithm to lower error rates and boost overall prediction accuracy. The efficiency of the CAC-OWOA framework is evaluated using the publicly available smart grid electricity consumption logs. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the CAC-OWOA framework in terms of forecasting accuracy, precision, recall, and duration when compared to underlying approaches

Effect of add-on proton pump inhibitors on parameters of glycemic control in type-2 diabetic patients

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) block the parietal cell H+/K+ ATPase, are superior at suppressing acid secretion & promoting peptic ulcer healing, wildly used clinically for the therapy of gastro-esophageal reflex disease, gastritis due to excess stomach acid, and gastric ulcers. After blocking the production of gastric acid, the proton-pump inhibitors indirectly elevate serum gastrin levels via a negative feedback effect. Evidences are reported that gastrin promotes β cell neogenesis in pancreatic ductal complex, modest pancreatic β cell replication and improvement of glucose tolerance in animal models. Some recent clinical studies have shown improved glucose tolerance in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although PPIs may be possible candidates for a new approach in the therapy of diabetes, a prospective, long-term, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study is needed to establish the effect of PPIs on glycemic control in a large number of patients with T2DM

Impact of Flood on Prayag Chikhali Village of Karveer Tehsil in Maharashtra (India): A Comparative Analysis (2005-2006)

During  the  last  two years (2005-2006) floods  caused  by  heavy  monsoon  rains  have  swamped  large  parts  of  western  and  central  India ,  including  the  states  of  Andhra  Pradesh,  Gujarat,  Maharashtra,  Chhatisgarh and  Orissa,  of  these  first  three  have  been  the  worst   affected . As many as 31 districts  in  Maharashtra  were  affected  by  flood ,  which  included  7, 375  villages  and  nearly  one  lakh  families. Besides that 468 people were died. The districts viz; Sangli, Kolhapur, Satara, Pune and Nashik in the western part of Maharashtra have been severely affected by flood due to the heavy rainfall during the monsoon. In Kolhapur, particularly Karveer, Shiroal and Hathkangale tehsils were severely affected by flood that included 711 villages. The focus of present study is to look into the severely affected village Prayag Chikhali and to compare the severity of floods occurred in the consecutive years of 2005 and 2006. The present study also intends to plan for controlling the floods and to minimize the flood affect in the area under study. Key words: Heavy rainfall, river flood, magnitude, frequency, flood impac

An Appraisal of Gravity Model for Kurundwad Town and Its Surrounding Villages in Kolhapur District (Maharashtra: India)

The theory of gravity was introduced by Issac Newton in 1686. Newton postulated that the gravitational force, which acts between two bodies in space, was directly proportion to the mass of the two bodies and inversely proportion to the square of the distance between the bodies. It was second half of the 19th Century that the theory of gravity was applied to human interaction. The gravity model is aimed at formalising, studying and predicting geography of flows or interactions. The model has first been formulated in analogy with Newton’s law of universal gravitation: two objects attract each other directly proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the distance separating them. For decades, social scientists have also been using a modified version of Isaac Newton's Law of Gravitation to predict movement of people, information, and commodities between cities and even continents. The gravity model, as social scientists refer to the modified law of gravitation, takes into account the population size of two places and their distance. Since larger settlements attract people, ideas, and commodities more than smaller settlements and places closer together have a greater attraction. An application of the gravity model at the local level helps to examine the interaction between Kurundwad town and its surrounding villages. The magnitude of social interaction and the flow analysis indicate the degree of centrality of town. For the flow analysis two main criteria undertaken are city bus frequencies and Newspaper circulation. The present paper, therefore, mainly focused on how this gravity model works at local level and also in context with development planning of urban centers to mitigate the increasing pressure of population. Key words- Gravity model, applicability, reliability, social interaction, interaction magnitude