Viability of Penaeus monodon eggs after simulated transport conditions

P. monodon spawners, transported from maturation pens suffer from stress which in turn may lead to lowered spawning rate or fertility. Spawning the females in the maturation site and transporting the eggs to the hatchery site is being considered as an alternative. Egg transport costs may be reduced to a minimum by using eggs from ablated spawners, transported at high density with no aeration. Experiments on higher egg densities as well as on transport of nauplii should, however, be undertaken

Assessment of the Impacts of Katrina on Mississippi Commercial and Recreational Fisheries

An economic assessment of the commercial harvesting sector, seafood processing and distribution sectors, charter boats for hire, livebait boats and dealer houses, marinas, support facilities, and recreational boats was undertaken in Mississippi to determine the level of damage sustained as a result of Hurricane Katrina. The devastation by this hurricane has created an urgent and compelling need to complete damage assessments in the affected areas in as short a period as possible. An accurate assessment of the damage created by this storm is needed to ensure that federal funds are both adequate and allocated to the appropriate sectors and recipients. The damage assessment included the following information about the boats/vessels, processing plants, dealer houses and support facilities: 1. Inventory of facilities that existed at each port or community; e.g., marinas, processing plants, fish houses, bait and gear shops, ice houses, recreational boats and other support facilities. 2. Original capital investment made in the facility or site. 3. Estimate of physical damage to a facility or site and the dollar value of that damage by community. 4. Estimate of the replacement cost of the capital needed to reestablish that facility or site as an operational entity. 5. The level of insurance presently existing for the entity, the capital debt remaining to be paid off, and whether the plant or some other collateral is used to secure the loan. The adverse social and economic impacts of these hurricanes are reduced if recovery is not prolonged. This is accomplished by providing the necessary aid and assistance as quickly as possible. This assessment will aid in identifying critical relief, support, and rebuilding needs to assist the seafood processing and dealer sector and associated communities in recovering their economic vitality. This assessment is a necessary first step in providing the necessary aid to the affected businesses and communities

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

AIM: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery. METHODS: This was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin. RESULTS: Overall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P < 0.001). After adjustment, delay was not associated with a lower rate of complete resection (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.90-1.55, P = 0.224), which was consistent in elective patients only (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69-1.27, P = 0.672). Longer delays were not associated with poorer outcomes. CONCLUSION: One in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Mass production in concrete tanks of sugpo Penaeus monodon Fabricius spawners by eyestalk ablation

Two batches of 196 and 181 P. monodon females were ablated on one eyestalk in March and July 1977, respectively, and a control batch of 180 unablated females was stocked in July 1977. The females were stocked with males in 120-ton concrete tanks with partial flowthrough of water and fed salted mussel (Modiolus metcalfei ) at 15% body weight daily. Total number of spawnings was 82 for the March-ablated group, 3 for the July-ablated group and 4 for the July unablated group. Maturation and mortality in relation to the moult cycle and tank plus water conditions are discussed

Studies on the egg quality of Penaeus monodon Fabricius, based on morphology and hatching rates

Contribution no. 70 of the Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center.Eggs of Penaeus monodon are classified into five different types on the basis of morphological criteria and hatching rates — A1 eggs undergo normal development with 58% hatching rate; A2 eggs show delayed and/or abnormal development with 32% hatching rate; and B, C and D eggs are unfertilized and do not hatch. Wild (unablated) females have the highest proportion of A1 eggs and highest hatching rate, followed by ablated wild stock; ablated pond stock show the lowest proportion of A1 eggs and the lowest hatching rate. There is a highly linear relationship between the percentage of A1 eggs and the hatching rate in spawnings from ablated females of both pond and wild stock. Discussion concentrates on the development of these egg types, comparison with other studies and the importance to hatchery operations of these findings

Head and neck cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: An international, multicenter, observational cohort study

Background: The aims of this study were to provide data on the safety of head and neck cancer surgery currently being undertaken during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: This international, observational cohort study comprised 1137 consecutive patients with head and neck cancer undergoing primary surgery with curative intent in 26 countries. Factors associated with severe pulmonary complications in COVID-19–positive patients and infections in the surgical team were determined by univariate analysis. Results: Among the 1137 patients, the commonest sites were the oral cavity (38%) and the thyroid (21%). For oropharynx and larynx tumors, nonsurgical therapy was favored in most cases. There was evidence of surgical de-escalation of neck management and reconstruction. Overall 30-day mortality was 1.2%. Twenty-nine patients (3%) tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) within 30 days of surgery; 13 of these patients (44.8%) developed severe respiratory complications, and 3.51 (10.3%) died. There were significant correlations with an advanced tumor stage and admission to critical care. Members of the surgical team tested positive within 30 days of surgery in 40 cases (3%). There were significant associations with operations in which the patients also tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 within 30 days, with a high community incidence of SARS-CoV-2, with screened patients, with oral tumor sites, and with tracheostomy. Conclusions: Head and neck cancer surgery in the COVID-19 era appears safe even when surgery is prolonged and complex. The overlap in COVID-19 between patients and members of the surgical team raises the suspicion of failures in cross-infection measures or the use of personal protective equipment. Lay Summary: Head and neck surgery is safe for patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic even when it is lengthy and complex. This is significant because concerns over patient safety raised in many guidelines appear not to be reflected by outcomes, even for those who have other serious illnesses or require complex reconstructions. Patients subjected to suboptimal or nonstandard treatments should be carefully followed up to optimize their cancer outcomes. The overlap between patients and surgeons testing positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is notable and emphasizes the need for fastidious cross-infection controls and effective personal protective equipment