Government Regulation Of In Vitro Fertilization, Recombinan DNA and Cloning Biotechnologies: Where Powers End And Rights Begin

In this age of bureaucratic proliferation it is hard to imagine any aspect of our lives that is not somehow affected by government regulation

Variabilité protéique observée par électrophorèse bidimensionnelle sur neuf isolats d'Heterodera schachtii provenant de six pays européens et sur deux isolats d'H. trifolii f.sp. beta

La variabilité protéique de neuf isolats européens d'#Heterodera schachtii et de deux isolats d'#H. trifolii f. sp. #beta élevés en conditions contrôlées sur colza, #Brassica napus L. var. #napus$ cv. Samouraï a été étudiée par électrophorèse bidimensionnelle (E2D). Les gels électrophorétiques sont comparés à l'aide d'un système informatique d'analyse d'images. Les indices de similarité (F) et les distances génétiques (D = 1-F) sont calculés à partir des taches homologues. Le dendrogramme est obtenu avec la méthode UPGMA. Les résultats montrent une assez grande similitude protéique des deux espèces. Les principales différences interspécifiques sont mises en évidence, ainsi que deux zones communes caractéristiques. Concernant la variabilité infraspécifique, des taches caratéristiques de certains isolats ont été repérées. La possibilité d'utiliser l'E2D pour identifier des protéines liées à la virulence est envisagée, ce qui nécessitera l'étude d'un grand nombre d'isolats. (Résumé d'auteur

Laparoscopic Versus Open Cholecystectomy: A Prospective Matched-Cohort Study

To compare the results of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and open cholecystectomy (OC) for symptomatic cholelithiasis in elective surgery we performed a prospective matched-cohort study. Hundred consecutive patients who underwent LC in the period Sept. 1990-June 1992, and 100 patients who were age and sex matched and underwent an elective OC in the foregoing two years (1989-1990) were studied. The median operation time for LC (75, 40-180 min) was significantly longer than for OC (55, 20-155 min; p < 0.001). Postoperative hospitalization was significantly shorter after LC (3, 1-16 days), compared with OC (7, 4-22 days; p<0.001). Conversion of LC to OC occurred in 12 (12%) patients initially scheduled to undergo LC. Complications occurred in 5 patients (5%) after LC and in 5 patients (5%) after OC. The calculated expenses (operation and postoperative hospitalization, 3rd class) were approximately fl. 3740,- for LC (excl. investments for pieces of apparatus) and fl. 6725,- for OC. This study demonstrates that LC can be performed safely with the number of complications comparable to those for OC. Bile duct injury is a serious potential threat. The main advantages ofLC are the minimal trauma, with more rapid recovery. Insurers seem to benefit from reduced postoperative disability and earlier discharge

Experimental Phase-Space Tomography of Semiconductor Laser Dynamics

© 2015 American Physical Society. We perform phase-space tomography of semiconductor laser dynamics by simultaneous experimental determination of optical intensity, frequency, and population inversion with high temporal resolution. We apply this technique to a laser with delayed feedback, serving as prominent example for high-dimensional chaotic dynamics and as model system for fundamental investigations of complex systems. Our approach allows us to explore so far unidentified trajectories in phase space and identify the underlying physical mechanism.This work was supported by Comunitat Autònoma de les Illes Balears via program Grups Competitius, FEDER and MINECO via project TRIPHOP (TEC2012-36335).Peer Reviewe

Dynamical properties induced by state-dependent delays in photonic systems

© 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. In many dynamical systems and complex networks time delays appear naturally in feedback loops or coupling connections of individual elements. Moreover, in a whole class of systems, these delay times can depend on the state of the system. Nevertheless, so far the understanding of the impact of such state-dependent delays remains poor with a particular lack of systematic experimental studies. Here we fill this gap by introducing a conceptually simple photonic system that exhibits dynamics of self-organised switching between two loops with two different delay times, depending on the state of the system. On the basis of experiments and modelling on semiconductor lasers with frequency-selective feedback mirrors, we characterize the switching between the states defined by the individual delays. Our approach opens new perspectives for the study of this class of dynamical systems and enables applications in which the self-organized switching can be exploited.This work was supported by MINECO (Spain) under Project TEC2012-36335 (TRIPHOP) and FIS2012-30634 (INTENSE@COSYP), Govern de les Illes Balears via the program Grups Competitius and Formació de Personal Investigador and the European Commission via FEDER and European Social Fund.Peer Reviewe

Optimization of control parameters of a hot cold controller by means of Simplex type methods

This paper describes a hot/cold controller for regulating crystallization operations. The system was identified with a common method (the Broida method) and the parameters were obtained by the Ziegler-Nichols method. The paper shows that this empirical method will only allow a qualitative approach to regulation and that, in some instances, the parameters obtained are unreliable and therefore cannot be used to cancel variations between the set point and the actual values. Optimization methods were used to determine the regulation parameters and solve this identcation problem. It was found that the weighted centroid method was the best one

To robotize chemistry laboratories. An example of organic synthesis: 2-Boc-amino-N-hydroxy-3-phenyl-propionamide

The paper describes the development of periodic modules used for the peptide synthesis of hydroxamic acid. A powder conveyor using the principle of positive weighing distribution is described. Purification is provided using automatic filtration and a liquid— liquid extraction module separation device. Device quality is improved using failure mode and effects analysis