New Motherhood Concepts, Implications for Healthcare. A Qualitative Study Article

11 p.The aim of this study was to explore the experience of women who take care of their children in postpartum and who desire to be understood by society, with no judgements. For this purpose, a qualitative methodology was followed. In-depth interviews, discussion groups, and an online forum were used for data collection. The participants were Spanish women that had given birth in the past 6 months, and their partners. Healthcare specialists with experience in the topic were also included. Results showed three main categories: lack of priority, self-demand, and self-esteem changes. As a conclusion, the concept of motherhood needs to be redefined, as women feel that they are living under the pressure of being a "perfect mother". It is important that mothers allow themselves to fail in reaching the imposed requirements. Simple acceptance of motherhood boundaries could help in this transition

Tracking the optical constants of porous vanadium dioxide thin films during metal-insulator transition: Influence of processing conditions on their application in smart glasses

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is widely recognized as a thermochromic material with great potential for application in smart glazing for energy-efficient buildings. The monoclinic (M1) VO2 phase undergoes a first-order reversible phase transition from the semiconductor to the rutile metallic state. In this study, an M1 VO2 porous film was synthesized via a polymer-assisted sol-gel route. Processing parameters, such as drying and reduction temperatures, were varied to evaluate their influence on the thermochromic behavior of VO2 and to determine the necessary trade-off between a significant thermochromic effect and high luminous transmittance. Film-silica glass-film systems with luminous transmittance close to 80% and IR solar modulation ability as large as 20% were prepared. By tracking the optical constants of the films during the thermochromic process, the changes produced at the microscopic level in the material could be correlated with its macroscopic behavior when used as an energy-saving material.Y J. Outon acknowledges the support by the Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Cultura through grant FPU19-02638. M. Dominguez ac-knowledges the support by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades under project EQC2018-004704-P. The authors thank the University of Cadiz and IMEYMAT for financing the mutual facilities available at the UCA R&D Central Services (SC-ICYT) and the IMEYMAT Institute project reference PLP2020335-1 respec-tively. The authors also acknowledge J. Gonzalez and F. Delgado for their assistance in the preparation of the STEM specimens

Calidad de la canal de corderos (ternasco y lechal) de la raza autóctona andaluza churra lebrijana

En la raza Churra Lebrijana (catalogada como “de protección oficial”) se ha estudiado por primera vez el potencial productivo de corderos lechales frente a ternascos (el peso vivo de estos animales fue de 11,38 y 18,48 Kg respectivamente). Para ello se estudiaron en 8 corderos machos de cada tipo las características de sus canales en relación a parámetros de pH, color, rendimiento comercial, medidas zoometricas, engrasamiento y despiece. Del trabajo se deduce que los ternascos ofrecen unas mejores características cárnicas que los lechales (tipo que es el que más se comercializa actualmente) por lo que es interesante su comercialización en este tipo comercial.In Churra Lebrijana breed (catalogued as "of official protection") the productive potential of suckling lambs has studied for the first time front to light lamb (the alive weight of these animals was of 11.38 and 18.48 kg respectively). For it the characteristics of their carcasses in relation to parameters of pH studied in 8 male lambs of each type, color, commercial yield, zoometric measures, fattening and quartering. Of the work it is deduced that the light lambs offer better meat characteristics than the suckling lambs (type that are the one that is commercialized more at the moment) reason why its commercialization in this commercial type is interesting.INIA RZ03-01

Description of Main Innovative and Alternative Methodologies for Mathematical Learning of Written Algorithms in Primary Education

The traditional way of teaching mathematics generates significant learning difficulties in students that are reflected in their academic performance. In recent years, the number of teachers and researchers interested in finding innovative, flexible and comprehensible methodologies has increased. The main objective of this article has been to carry out a theoretical review of the methodologies for learning/teaching mathematics at school level. Central elements of international and national method initiatives have been highlighted. The empirical evidence on the Singapore method and the Algorithm Based on Numbers (ABN) method confirms the need to include innovative and manipulative strategies in the classroom. The Singapore method has been shown as a source that improves students ' problem solving skill, mathematical competence, boosting reasoning, and a higher motivation. Some studies focused on the effectiveness of the ABN method and its influence on mathematical cognition. The use of this methodology and learning in flipped classroom have obtained significant results in teacher training. These results could provide guidance about how to improve pre-service education in Primary Bachelor's Degree. The findings presented in the manuscript could be a basis for opening new lines of quantitative research, with the aim of analysing problem solving and the use of manipulative materials in mathematics. Thus, future research should focus on analysing the cognitive processes involved in mathematical learning, carrying out empirical studies in schools. In addition, it is necessary to improve future teachers' training, so that they can learn about new alternatives for mathematical teaching and the available resources to be able to put it into practice. Moreover, alternative methodologies are a necessary driver for the improvement of mathematical performance both inside and outside the classroom, and also for the technological and economic development of countries

Estudio comparativo de cálculo mental y escrito en tercer ciclo de educación primaria

More than a decade ago, the Primary Education curriculum has given higher meaning to mental calculation over written calculation. However, in classroom practice, the vertical written algorithms teaching continues to be prioritized. In this sense, the teaching and learning of these algorithms continues to generate certain difficulties in the students. For this reason, alternatives to traditional written calculation are being implemented in educational centers, with the aim of encouraging the development of cognitive calculation mental strategies and improving the mathematical competence of students. The purpose of this study is to analyze the possible differences in written calculation and mental calculation in the upper levels of Primary Education, comparing students who follow two different methodologies for learning mathematics, such as the Open Based on Numbers (ABN) method and the method Closed Based on Ciphers (CBC). Currently, an empirical study is being carried out with a sample of 245 participants, 106 belonging to the experimental group (ABN) and 139 to the control group (CBC). The evaluation instruments used in this study were different arithmetic resolution tests. The experimental group showed higher scores in the mental calculation variable (XGC = 9.18; XGE = 13.21), with significant differences between the groups (p < .001). On the contrary, the control group showed higher scores in written calculation compared to the experimental group (XGC = 16.71; XGE =15.38), these differences being significant again (p < .001). These results suggest the possibility of opening new lines of research to deepen into the mental calculation cognitive strategies used by students, and their possible influence on mathematical performance as well as in other areas of the primary education curriculum.Desde hace más de una década, el currículum de Educación Primaria pone más énfasis en el cálculo mental que en el cálculo escrito, aunque en la práctica docente se siga priorizando la enseñanza de algoritmos escritos verticales. En este sentido, la enseñanza y aprendizaje de estos algoritmos sigue generando ciertas dificultades en parte del alumnado. Esto hace que en los centros educativos se estén implementando alternativas al cálculo escrito tradicional,con el objetivo de incentivar el desarrollo de estrategias cognitivas de cálculo mental y mejorar la competencia matemática del alumnado. El presente estudio tiene como finalidad analizar las posibles diferencias en cálculo escrito y cálculo mental en último ciclo de Educación Primaria, comparando alumnos que siguen dos metodologías distintas de aprendizaje de las matemáticas, como son el método Abierto Basado en Números (ABN) y el método Cerrado Basado en Cifras (CBC). Actualmente, está en ejecución un estudio empírico que cuenta con una muestra de 245 participantes, 106 pertenecientes al grupo experimental (ABN) y 139 al grupo control (CBC). Los instrumentos de evaluación empleados en este estudio fueron distintas pruebas de resolución aritmética. El grupo experimental mostró un rendimiento superior en la variable cálculo mental (XGC = 9.18; XGE= 13.21), siendo significativas las diferencias entre los grupos (p < .001). Por el contrario, el grupo control mostró puntuaciones superiores en cálculo escrito frente al grupo experimental (XGC = 16.71; XGE =15.38), siendo de nuevo significativas estas diferencias (p < .001). Estos resultados sugieren profundizar en las estrategias cognitivas de cálculo mental utilizadas por el alumnado y su posible influencia en el rendimiento matemático y en otras áreas del currículum de Educación Primaria.

Formación online: método abierto basado en números (ABN) y aplicación práctica en alumnado de 10 a 14 años

Currently, one of the greatest challenges are the difficulties generated by mathematical learning in primary and secondary school students. In recent years, research on mathematical learning and cognition has increased due to the personal and social consequences of failure in mathematics learning. One of the researching topics emphasizes the convenience of carry out classroom interventions incorporating the cognitive processes involved in mathematical learning, and making use of innovative strategies such as the open calculation based on numbers (ABN). The current study aims to analyze the impact of an online training program for the implementation of the ABN methodology in the third cycle of Primary Education and the first two academic years of Secondary Education. The project is divided into four stages: (1) Schools’ choice; (2) Online teachers training program; (3) Empirical study to analyze the effectiveness of the ABN method; and (4) Transfer of results and design of materials and mathematics educational APP. Theresults obtained in the first stage are presented below, analyzing the impact of the training program and adding manipulative resources by several mathematical contents. The participants of the training program belong to the School system form Cádiz province and were incidentally selected. The sample is composed of a total of 40 participants (19 researchers, 3 expert teachers in ABN, 18 teachers and 3 master’s degree students in Secondary Education). The results of the teacher training and classroom practices show the need for teacher training for the incorporation of alternative dynamics in the upper grades of Primary Education. It is expected to open new research lines based on the implementation of programs and workshops for the implementation of innovative strategies in schools.En la actualidad, uno de los mayores retos educativos sigue siendo superar las dificultades que genera el aprendizaje matemático en el alumnado de Educación Primaria y Educación Secundaria. Recientemente, se ha incrementado la investigación sobre el aprendizaje y la cognición matemática debido a las consecuencias personales y sociales del fracaso enel aprendizaje. Una de las líneas de trabajo enfatiza la conveniencia de realizar intervenciones que incorporen los procesos cognitivos implicados en el aprendizaje de las matemáticas, y hagan uso de estrategias innovadoras como el método de cálculo Abierto Basado en Números (ABN). El presente estudio pretende analizar el impacto del programa formativo online para la implantación del método ABN en cursos altos de Educación Primaria y primer ciclo de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. El proyecto se distribuye en cuatro fases: (1) Selección de escuelas; (2) Programa formativo online para docentes; (3) Estudio empírico para analizar la efectividad del método ABN; y (4) Transferencia de resultados y diseño de materiales y APP educativas matemáticas. Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en la primera etapa, con el objetivo de analizar el impacto del programa formativo y la incorporación de materiales manipulativos para diversos contenidos matemáticos. Los participantes del programa formativo pertenecen a centros educativos de la provincia de Cádiz y fueron seleccionados incidentalmente. La muestra está compuesta por 40 participantes (19 investigadores, 3 docentes expertos en ABN, 18 docentes y 3 estudiantes de máster en Educación Secundaria). Se presentan los resultados extraídos tras la formación del profesorado y las prácticas de aula llevadas a cabo, los cuales muestran la necesidad de formación del profesorado para la incorporación de dinámicas alternativas en los cursos altos de Educación Primaria. Se espera abrir nuevas líneas de investigación basadas en la implementación de programas y talleres para la aplicación de estrategias innovadoras en los centros educativos

Enhanced mitochondrial activity reshapes a gut microbiota profile that delays NASH progression

[EN] Background and Aims: Recent studies suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction promotes progression to NASH by aggravating the gut-liver status. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we hypothesized that enhanced mitochondrial activity might reshape a specific microbiota signature that, when transferred to germ-free (GF) mice, could delay NASH progression. Approach and Results: Wild-type and methylation-controlled J protein knockout (MCJ-KO) mice were fed for 6 weeks with either control or a choline-deficient, L-amino acid–defined, high-fat diet (CDA-HFD). One mouse of each group acted as a donor of cecal microbiota to GF mice, who also underwent the CDA-HFD model for 3 weeks. Hepatic injury, intestinal barrier, gut microbiome, and the associated fecal metabolome were then studied. Following 6 weeks of CDA-HFD, the absence of methylation-controlled J protein, an inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I activity, reduced hepatic injury and improved gut-liver axis in an aggressive NASH dietary model. This effect was transferred to GF mice through cecal microbiota transplantation. We suggest that the specific microbiota profile of MCJ-KO, characterized by an increase in the fecal relative abundance of Dorea and Oscillospira genera and a reduction in AF12, Allboaculum, and [Ruminococcus], exerted protective actions through enhancing short-chain fatty acids, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism, and sirtuin activity, subsequently increasing fatty acid oxidation in GF mice. Importantly, we identified Dorea genus as one of the main modulators of this microbiota-dependent protective phenotype. Conclusions: Overall, we provide evidence for the relevance of mitochondria–microbiota interplay during NASH and that targeting it could be a valuable therapeutic approach.S

Arsenic Trioxide: Pharmacological Applications

Background: Arsenic trioxide is a chemical compound that has been used as a treatment for various diseases. Despite being potentially toxic, this compound has been used as a therapy to treat Acute Myeloid Leukemia and is being investigated as a possible treatment for different types of cancer. Objectives: The present review aims to describe the use and studies reported in the literature of Arsenic Trioxide as a possible therapeutic agent for Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Multiple Myeloma, Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Lung Cancer, Neuroblastoma, Breast Cancer, Aplastic Hepatitis C, and HIV-1. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using databases (Elsevier, Google Scholar, PubMed) to compile documents published before December 2023. Results: Multiple pharmacological applications of arsenic trioxide have been reported to treat acute and chronic myeloid leukemia. Arsenic trioxide has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis, which helps treat multiple myeloma. Several studies have shown and suggested the effectiveness of arsenic trioxide as a treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer, neuroblastoma, prostate cancer, breast cancer, aplastic anemia, hepatitis C, and HIV-1. Conclusion: Despite potentially toxic effects, Arsenic compounds are therapeutic agents for multiple diseases, from syphilis to cancer. In recent years, more efficient ways have been investigated to deliver and find the specific dose to treat the disease, causing the fewest possible adverse effects

Herramienta de evaluación de la calidad de los Materiales Educativos Digitales: perfiles de aplicación del profesor y del alumno

Este documento contiene dos adaptaciones de la herramienta de evaluación de la calidad de materiales educativos digitales (MED) del estándar UNE 71362 al profesor y al alumno que no son especialistas en Tecnologías ni en Accesibilidad con el fin de facilitar o mejorar la creación y selección de MED. Estos perfiles de aplicación no garantizan el cumplimiento del 100% de los criterios de calidad, por lo que no pueden ser usados como herramienta para certificar la calidad de los MED. Sin embargo, sí pueden ser usados para asegurar/comprobar con más facilidad determinados aspectos de la calidad

Escuela para madres y padres sobre bilingüismo y aprendizaje del inglés

Memoria del proyecto de Aprendizaje y Servicio titulado Escuela para madres y padres sobre bilingüismo y aprendizaje del inglés, dirigido por el Dr. D. Daniel Martín González y financiado por la Oficina de Aprendizaje y Servicio de la UCM en la Convocatoria de Proyectos de Aprendizaje y Servicio 2021-22