14 research outputs found

    Du TALN au LOD : Extraction d'entités, liage, et visualisation

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    National audienceDans un contexte de veille stratĂ©gique, nous avons dĂ©veloppĂ© un prototype prenant la forme d'un plugin de navigateur ayant pour principale ambition d'enrichir les connaissances des utilisateurs naviguant sur le Web. Au fur et Ă  mesure de la navigation sur le Web, le systĂšme peuple la base de connaissance et tisse des liens avec le Web des donnĂ©es ouvertes que l'utilisateur peut parcourir. Ce prototype s'appuie et dĂ©montre en pratique des techniques d'extraction d'entitĂ©s d'intĂ©rĂȘts et de leurs relations dans une page Web couplĂ©es Ă  une reprĂ©sentation des connaissances extraites au format du web sĂ©mantique et liĂ©es avec des donnĂ©es du Linked Open Data. Finalement le plugin propose une visualisation en temps rĂ©el de l'ensemble de ces donnĂ©es liĂ©es en regard des pages consultĂ©es

    Mesoporous silica matrices derived from sol-gel process assisted by low power ultrasonic activation

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    The present work contributes to elucidating the differences between silica gels obtained by low doses ultrasonic activation, and those obtained by the conventional method, termed as classical sol gel. Silica matrices were produced by sol-gel synthesis process, assisted and non-assisted by an ultrasonic field, and subsequently characterized by various methods. Nitrogen adsorption and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements provided texture and microstructure of the dried gels. The adsorption results show that the sample sonicated for 2 hours presents the most ordered microstructure, characterized by pore shape close to spherical and the narrowest size distribution – about 90 % of the pores for this sample fall into the mesopore range (2–50 nm). SANS data reveal the formation of primary structural units of sizes around 1.5–2 nm which are small linear or branched polymeric species of roughly spherical shape and with rough surface. They are generated in the very early stage of sol gel process, as a result of hydrolysis and condensation reactions. The aggregated primary units form the secondary porous structure which can be described as a rough surface with fractal dimension above 2. The best porosity characteristics were obtained for the sample activated for 2 hours, indicating the optimal doses of sonication in the present conditions. Our results demonstrate the possibility of tailoring the pore size distribution using a low power ultrasonic bath

    Gestion du contexte pour des applications mobiles dédiées aux transports

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    De nos jours, la façon d’utiliser les applications mobiles dans le domaine des transports oïŹ€re de nouveaux dĂ©ïŹs liĂ©s aux spĂ©ciïŹcitĂ©s de l’environnement, comme la forte mobilitĂ© des terminaux, leur rĂ©partition, ou encore le rĂ©seau instable de communication. La plupart des applications existantes ont des contraintes de fonctionnement qui les rendent inadaptĂ©es si les conditions d’exĂ©cution Ă©voluent rapidement. Cela rend intĂ©ressant l’utilisation d’un cadre uniïŹĂ© de conception et d’exĂ©cution, capable de gĂ©rer ces applications. Nos travaux portent, dans un premier temps, sur une Ă©tude des applications mobiles et de leur comportement, en fonction du contexte d’exĂ©cution. Nous considĂ©rons le cas des applications dĂ©diĂ©es aux transports, conçues pour accompagner et assister un usager dans son dĂ©placement (navigation, sĂ©curitĂ© routiĂšre, applications des moyens de transports, etc.). Nous identiïŹons les Ă©lĂ©ments du contexte propres aux applications fortement mobiles et les modĂ©lisons. Dans un second temps, nous proposons un cadre dynamique et sensible au contexte, permettant le dĂ©ploiement de nouveaux services « Ă  la volĂ©e » ainsi que leur adaptation pour une meilleure utilisation des ressources dans des milieux trĂšs Ă©volutifs. Nous nous focalisons sur le cĂŽtĂ© rĂ©actif, permettant d’adapter le comportement des applications Ă  leurs nouvelles conditions d’utilisation. Les applications sont dĂ©composĂ©es en services de base avec un couplage lĂąche pour une plus grande ïŹ‚exibilitĂ©. Nous utilisons une architecture orientĂ©e service, qui permet la rĂ©utilisation des services communs Ă  plusieurs applications mais aussi la gestion du contexte au travers de services Ă©quivalents mais capables de fonctionner dans des conditions diïŹ€Ă©rentes.Nous montrons, grĂące au prototype de notre plateforme CATS (Context-Aware Transportation Services), d’abord la faisabilitĂ© d’une plateforme Ă  services sur des terminaux portables. Nous testons ensuite plusieurs scĂ©narios aïŹn de dĂ©montrer la rĂ©activitĂ© des adaptations aux changements de contexte. Dans cette thĂšse nous proposons une vue d’ensemble sur la crĂ©ation et la gestion des applications sensibles au contexte pour le domaine des transports. Le but de notre dĂ©marche est d’assurer le bon fonctionnement de l’ensemble des applications d’un utilisateur, malgrĂ© les changements dynamiques du contexte.The use of mobile applications in the transportation domain raises a multitude ofchallenges, related to the speciïŹc execution environment: highly mobile and distributed devices, unstable communication networks, etc. Most of the existing applications are not ïŹ‚exible enough to cope with the rapidly changing environment. It would be interesting to provide a uniïŹed frame for the design and execution of such applications, oïŹ€ering management capabilities as well. We propose a study of the mobile applications and their behavior in relation with thecontext. We consider a certain type of applications, designed to accompany and assist users on the move (navigation, traïŹƒc security, applications related to a means of transport, etc.). We identify the context elements which are characteristic to highly mobile applications and we propose a context model for the transportation domain. In order to handle multiple applications at a time, we propose a dynamic and contextaware framework, capable of deploying services “on the ïŹ‚y”. We consider applications built through the assembly of services, allowing them to adapt to the execution environment and make the best use of the available resources. We focus on the reaction of the applications to the changes in the environment. Applications are built of services and thus beneïŹt from loose coupling, allowing them to be ïŹ‚exible. A service oriented architecture brings further advantages, notably that services can be shared between applications and that a service can have multiple implementations. We manage the adaptation to new conditions of use through equivalent services built for diïŹ€erent context situations. The framework that we have proposed, called CATS (Context-Aware Transportation Services), has been tested thanks to a prototype. We were able to prove the feasibility of the framework as well as evaluate several testing scenarios, showing the reactivity of the applications to context changes. This work proposes a complete view of the design and management of context-aware applications for the transport domain. Our goal is to enhance user experience by ensuring the well functioning of his/her applications despite the ever changing context

    Gestion du contexte pour des applications mobiles dédiées aux transports

    No full text
    De nos jours, la façon d utiliser les applications mobiles dans le domaine des transports o re de nouveaux dé s liés aux spéci cités de l environnement, comme la forte mobilité des terminaux, leur répartition, ou encore le réseau instable de communication. La plupart des applications existantes ont des contraintes de fonctionnement qui les rendent inadaptées si les conditions d exécution évoluent rapidement. Cela rend intéressant l utilisation d un cadre uni é de conception et d exécution, capable de gérer ces applications. Nos travaux portent, dans un premier temps, sur une étude des applications mobiles et de leur comportement, en fonction du contexte d exécution. Nous considérons le cas des applications dédiées aux transports, conçues pour accompagner et assister un usager dans son déplacement (navigation, sécurité routiÚre, applications des moyens de transports, etc.). Nous identi ons les éléments du contexte propres aux applications fortement mobiles et les modélisons. Dans un second temps, nous proposons un cadre dynamique et sensible au contexte, permettant le déploiement de nouveaux services à la volée ainsi que leur adaptation pour une meilleure utilisation des ressources dans des milieux trÚs évolutifs. Nous nous focalisons sur le cÎté réactif, permettant d adapter le comportement des applications à leurs nouvelles conditions d utilisation. Les applications sont décomposées en services de base avec un couplage lùche pour une plus grande exibilité. Nous utilisons une architecture orientée service, qui permet la réutilisation des services communs à plusieurs applications mais aussi la gestion du contexte au travers de services équivalents mais capables de fonctionner dans des conditions di érentes.Nous montrons, grùce au prototype de notre plateforme CATS (Context-Aware Transportation Services), d abord la faisabilité d une plateforme à services sur des terminaux portables. Nous testons ensuite plusieurs scénarios a n de démontrer la réactivité des adaptations aux changements de contexte. Dans cette thÚse nous proposons une vue d ensemble sur la création et la gestion des applications sensibles au contexte pour le domaine des transports. Le but de notre démarche est d assurer le bon fonctionnement de l ensemble des applications d un utilisateur, malgré les changements dynamiques du contexte.The use of mobile applications in the transportation domain raises a multitude ofchallenges, related to the speci c execution environment: highly mobile and distributed devices, unstable communication networks, etc. Most of the existing applications are not exible enough to cope with the rapidly changing environment. It would be interesting to provide a uni ed frame for the design and execution of such applications, o ering management capabilities as well. We propose a study of the mobile applications and their behavior in relation with thecontext. We consider a certain type of applications, designed to accompany and assist users on the move (navigation, tra c security, applications related to a means of transport, etc.). We identify the context elements which are characteristic to highly mobile applications and we propose a context model for the transportation domain. In order to handle multiple applications at a time, we propose a dynamic and contextaware framework, capable of deploying services on the y . We consider applications built through the assembly of services, allowing them to adapt to the execution environment and make the best use of the available resources. We focus on the reaction of the applications to the changes in the environment. Applications are built of services and thus bene t from loose coupling, allowing them to be exible. A service oriented architecture brings further advantages, notably that services can be shared between applications and that a service can have multiple implementations. We manage the adaptation to new conditions of use through equivalent services built for di erent context situations. The framework that we have proposed, called CATS (Context-Aware Transportation Services), has been tested thanks to a prototype. We were able to prove the feasibility of the framework as well as evaluate several testing scenarios, showing the reactivity of the applications to context changes. This work proposes a complete view of the design and management of context-aware applications for the transport domain. Our goal is to enhance user experience by ensuring the well functioning of his/her applications despite the ever changing context.VALENCIENNES-Bib. électronique (596069901) / SudocSudocFranceF

    A framework for mobile and context-aware applications applied to vehicular social networks

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    International audienceThe notion of context has become very important in computer science, especially when users are highly mobile. In a short period of time the environment changes; communication networks can become available or unavailable, user communities can appear or disappear, etc. The work presented in this paper focuses on the transportation domain and more particularly on applications which accompany and assist the user in transportation activities (e.g., driving, visiting a city, etc.) through the use of ad hoc social networks. We present a case study related to the VESPA system, designed to help drivers by providing them with diverse information (e.g., traffic information, available parking spaces, etc.); we show how the framework we propose can help the system deal with context issues. In the last part, we analyze different mechanisms of changing application behavior through the use of services, an important step towards making our devices reactive to new situation

    Noninvasive biomarkers in the diagnosis of prostate cancer

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    Prostate cancer is responsible for 3% of all deaths in the Western world in men over 55 years old. Molecular biomarkers represent an important diagnostic tool in prostate cancer, because at a specific stage, they reflect the physiologic state of a cell and might be vital for the identification of early prostate cancer and subjects at risk of developing this disease. Many biomarkers have been described in human serum, urine, seminal fluid and histological specimens that exhibit varying capacities to detect prostate cancer, to monitor the disease progression, help in predicting the disease recurrence and therapeutic treatment efficac

    Du TALN au LOD : Extraction d'entités, liage, et visualisation

    No full text
    National audienceDans un contexte de veille stratĂ©gique, nous avons dĂ©veloppĂ© un prototype prenant la forme d'un plugin de navigateur ayant pour principale ambition d'enrichir les connaissances des utilisateurs naviguant sur le Web. Au fur et Ă  mesure de la navigation sur le Web, le systĂšme peuple la base de connaissance et tisse des liens avec le Web des donnĂ©es ouvertes que l'utilisateur peut parcourir. Ce prototype s'appuie et dĂ©montre en pratique des techniques d'extraction d'entitĂ©s d'intĂ©rĂȘts et de leurs relations dans une page Web couplĂ©es Ă  une reprĂ©sentation des connaissances extraites au format du web sĂ©mantique et liĂ©es avec des donnĂ©es du Linked Open Data. Finalement le plugin propose une visualisation en temps rĂ©el de l'ensemble de ces donnĂ©es liĂ©es en regard des pages consultĂ©es

    Optimized Synthesis of New Thiosemicarbazide Derivatives with Tuberculostatic Activity

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    Original results are presented in the field of research that addresses the extension of the reaction of residue of acyl-thiosemicarbazide fixation on the structure of 5-nitrobenzimidazole by a sulphonic group. The aim of the study is the increase of new thiosemicarbazide derivatives’ applicative potential in the field of biochemistry, with a wide range of medical applications. The newly obtained compounds were characterized by using elemental analysis and spectral analysis (FT-IR and 1H NMR). A study regarding the optimization of the chemical reactions was made. The performed in vitro biological tests confirmed the tuberculostatic activity of three newly obtained compounds against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

    Ethinylestradiol and Levonorgestrel as Active Agents in Normal Skin, and Pathological Conditions Induced by UVB Exposure: In Vitro and In Ovo Assessments

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    The link between melanoma development and the use of oral combined contraceptives is not fully elucidated, and the data concerning this issue are scarce and controversial. In the present study, we show that the components of oral contraceptives, ethinylestradiol (EE), levonorgestrel (LNG), and their combination (EE + LNG) ± UVB (ultraviolet B radiation) induced differential effects on healthy (human keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and primary epidermal melanocytes, and murine epidermis cells) and melanoma cells (human—A375 and murine—B164A5), as follows: (i) at low doses (1 µM), the hormones were devoid of significant toxicity on healthy cells, but in melanoma cells, they triggered cell death via apoptosis; (ii) higher doses (10 µM) were associated with cytotoxicity in all cells, the most affected being the melanoma cells; (iii) UVB irradiation proved to be toxic for all types of cells; (iv) UVB irradiation + hormonal stimulation led to a synergistic cytotoxicity in the case of human melanoma cells—A375 and improved viability rates of healthy and B164A5 cells. A weak irritant potential exerted by EE and EE + LNG (10 µM) was assessed by the means of a chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. Further studies are required to elucidate the hormones’ cell type-dependent antimelanoma effect and the role played by melanin in this context
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