Influence of salicylic acid on phytochelatin synthesis in Zea mays during Cd stress

Abstract: Presoaking maize (Zea mays) seeds in salicylic acid (SA) reduces damage caused by cadmium. In the present work the possible role of phytochelatins (PCs) in SA-mediated protection against Cd toxicity was investigated. Seeds were presoaked in 0.5 mM SA, and seedlings were grown in hydroponic solution containing 0, 0.01, 0.015, or 0.025 mM Cd. Treatment with Cd increased the PC levels in maize roots, but only slight changes were observed in the leaves. Long-term exposure to Cd decreased the phytochelatin synthase (PCS) activity in the roots and led to an increase in PCS and glutathione reductase (GR) activities in maize leaves. Although presoaking seeds in SA solution before exposure to Cd may reduce the level of heavy metal injury and has an effect on the composition of individual PCs, this protection is not directly connected with the altered regulation of PCs

Anatomical features of some triangles of human neck

Fascial-aponeurotic structure of neck is characterized by complexity of topographic relationships and anatomical structures variability that can be crucial while performing surgeries on neck. Despite long-term comprehensive study of the morphology of neck structures, contentious issues still remain uncertain, for example classification of neck fascia and anatomical roofs of neck triangles

Factors, affecting the formation of a modern teenager’s value system

The article examines some specific aspects of digestion by teenagers of social norms, values, behaviour samples, peculiar to modern society. The description of the value system of the Suvorov Military School and a secondary school students is given. The factors, affecting the formation of a teenager’s value system, such as family and social environment are discussed.Рассматриваются особенности усвоения подростками социальных норм, ценностей, образцов поведения, характерных для современного общества. Дается характеристика системы ценностных ориентаций обучающихся суворовского военного училища и средней общеобразовательной школы. Анализируются факторы, влияющие на формирование ценностных ориентаций подростка, такие как семья и социальное окружение

Optical properties, electron-phonon coupling, and Raman scattering of vanadium ladder compounds

The electronic structure of two V-based ladder compounds, the quarter-filled NaV$_2$O$_5$ in the symmetric phase and the iso-structural half-filled CaV$_2$O$_5$ is investigated by ab initio calculations. Based on the bandstructure we determine the dielectric tensor $\epsilon(\omega)$ of these systems in a wide energy range. The frequencies and eigenvectors of the fully symmetric A$_{g}$ phonon modes and the corresponding electron-phonon and spin-phonon coupling parameters are also calculated from first-principles. We determine the Raman scattering intensities of the A$_g$ phonon modes as a function of polarization and frequency of the exciting light. All results, i.e. shape and magnitude of the dielectric function, phonon frequencies and Raman intensities show very good agreement with available experimental data.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figure