Fisheries and Coastal Resources Co-management in Asia: Selected Results from a Regional Research Project

Coastal fisheries, Fishery management, Resource management

Multi-instantons and supersymmetric SU(N) gauge theories

In this thesis the proposed exact results for low energy effective N = 2 supersymmetric SU(N) Yang-Mills gauge theory coupled to Nf fundamental matter multiplets in four dimensions are considered. The proposed exact results are based upon the work of Seiberg and Witten for low energy effective four dimensional M = 2 supersymmetric SU[2) Yang-Mills gauge theory coupled to Nf fundamental matter multiplets. The testing and matching of the proposed exact results via supersymmetric instanton calculus are the motivation for two studies. Firstly, we study the ADHM construction of instantons for gauge groups U(N) and SU(2) and for topological charge two and three. The ADHM constraints which implicitly specify instanton gauge field configurations are solved for the explicit exact general form of instantons with topological charge two and gauge group U[N). This is the first explicit and general multi-instanton configuration for the unitary gauge groups. The U[N) ADHM two-instanton configuration may be used in further tests and matching of the proposed exact results in low energy effective M =2 supersymmetric SU(iV) Yang-Mills gauge theories by comparison with direct instanton calculations. Secondly, a one-instanton level test is performed for the reparameterization scheme proposed by Argyres and Pelland matching the conjectured exact low energy results and instanton predictions for the instanton contributions to the prepotential of low energy effective M = 2 supersymmetric SU [N) Yang-Mills gauge theory with Nf = 2N mass-less fundamental matter multiplets. The constants within the reparameterization scheme which ensure agreement between the exact results and the instanton predictions for general N > 1 are derived for the entire quantum moduli space. This constitutes a non-trivial test of the proposed reparameterization scheme, which eliminates the discrepancies arising when the two sets of results are compared

Modelled sensitivity of the snow regime to topography, shrub fraction and shrub height

Recent studies show that shrubs are colonizing higher latitudes and altitudes in the Arctic. Shrubs affect the wind transport, accumulation and melt of snow, but there have been few sensitivity studies of how shrub expansion might affect snowmelt rates and timing. Here, a three-source energy balance model (3SOM), which calculates vertical and horizontal energy fluxes – thus allowing within-cell advection – between the atmosphere, snow, snow-free ground and vegetation, is introduced. The three-source structure was specifically adopted to investigate shrub–tundra processes associated with patchy snow cover that single- or two-source models fail to address. The ability of the model to simulate the snow regime of an upland tundra valley is evaluated; a blowing snow transport and sublimation model is used to simulate premelt snow distributions and 3SOM is used to simulate melt. Some success at simulating turbulent fluxes in point simulations and broad spatial pattern in distributed runs is shown even if the lack of advection between cells causes melt rates to be underestimated. The models are then used to investigate the sensitivity of the snow regime in the valley to varying shrub cover and topography. Results show that, for domain average shrub fractional cover ≤0.4, topography dominates the pre- and early melt energy budget but has little influence for higher shrub cover. The increase in domain average sensible heat fluxes and net radiation with increasing shrub cover is more marked without topography where shrubs introduce wind-induced spatial variability of snow and snow-free patches. As snowmelt evolves, differences in the energy budget between simulations with and without topography remain relatively constant and are independent of shrub cover. These results suggest that, to avoid overestimating the effect of shrub expansion on the energy budget of the Arctic, future large-scale investigations should consider wind redistribution of snow, shrub bending and emergence, and sub-grid topography as they affect the variability of snow cover

Global Management Effectiveness Study: Integrated Social and Ecological Report for Non-node and Node Sites

The purpose of this study is to provide a critical assessment of the implementation, impact, and performance of Marine Managed Area (MMA) projects to serve as a basis for improved planning and implementation of new MMA projects worldwide. The specific objectives of the study are (1) to determine the socioeconomic, governance and ecological effects of MMAs; (2) to determine the critical factors influencing MMA effects, as well as the impact of the timing of those factors on the effects of the MMA; and (3) to provide tools for predicting MMA effects based on ecological, socioeconomic and governance variable

Introduction to Women\u27s Studies: New Textbook Being Developed at Hunter College

The National Endowment for the Humanities has awarded a grant to the Women\u27s Studies Program of Hunter College for the writing of a textbook and instructional manual for the basic course, Introduction to Women\u27s Studies. Unlike other comprehensive women\u27s studies textbooks which are described as multidisciplinary but are actually collections of individual chapters, each written from the perspective of a single discipline, Hunter\u27s books will be thoroughly interdisciplinary, with each chapter written collectively. The nine authors, from four divisions of the college—Humanities and the Arts, Social Sciences, and the professional schools of Nursing and Education—are: Ulku Bates, Nancy Dean, Florence Denmark, Dorothy O. Helly, Susan Lees, JoAnn McNamara, Sarah B. Pomeroy (Project Director), E. Dorsey Smith, and Sue R. Zalk. In 1978-79 they participated in an interdisciplinary seminar directed toward designing a curriculum for Introduction to Women\u27s Studies and training teachers in interdisciplinary techniques. Supported by faculty development funds available to Jerome Schneewind, Hunter\u27s Provost, and Gerald Freund, Hunter\u27s Dean of Humanities and the Arts, each of the core group of nine was granted two courses\u27 released time